FLORIDA MUSEUM
ANNUAL REPORT
2019-2020
THE DIGITAL MUSEUM

Message From the Director

This year was unlike any other for the Florida Museum, just as it was for most of you reading these words. It began with immense promise and potential. Museum visitation was strong, research productivity and funding were climbing, outreach activities diversifying, and fundraising efforts were surpassing goals. And then, as winter turned into spring, the coronavirus pandemic arrived at our doorstep and everything changed.

To protect everyone from the COVID-19, UF quickly pivoted in March to online-only courses, closed its laboratories and classrooms, and sent its students home. And the Florida Museum shuttered its doors on March 16. Those doors would remain closed for three and a half months, until July 1, 2020, when we reopened to the public following strict CDC safety guidelines.

 

During March and April, faculty, staff and students learned to work remotely. We met regularly via Zoom and carried on with the business of the Museum as best we could. ‘Essential workers’ were gradually allowed back on campus, and in our public spaces we used the closure to clean and repair exhibits, an ordinarily difficult task with visitors in the facility. Meanwhile, our scientific staff wrote up their research results, submitted grant proposals, and made the successful transition to online teaching.

As the shutdown extended into May and June, longer than we ever imagined, our exhibits and education staff embraced virtual programming as a necessary alternative to in-person attendance. We expanded our digital delivery of exhibit tours, lectures, outreach programs and even our summer camps for kids. To our amazement the virtual summer classes proved very popular, reaching students from all over Florida, across the nation and even around the world. Our eyes were opened to a digital landscape whose scale we hadn’t really appreciated previously.

 

While our virtual audience grew, we missed our in-person visitors. School tours, facility rentals, as well as visitors to the Butterfly Rainforest and featured exhibitions were non-existent; consequently, our earned revenue stream dried up, leading to difficult staffing adjustments reflecting this new reality. Upon reopening to the public in July, we witnessed a gradual return of visitors; however, our total annual visitation ended up about 70% of the previous fiscal year, which is not bad considering we were closed during our busiest quarter. In contrast, our scholarly publication output set an all-time record for productivity, illustrating that working remotely can have its benefits.

Even during the darkness of 2020, the future looks bright for this resilient institution!

Without question this was the most stressful, unusual year in recent memory. We all longed for a return to ‘normal.’ Nevertheless, we learned a lot about ourselves, our practices and priorities, and how we’ll approach the future. One thing is certain, we won’t be the same museum that shut down in March. Looking ahead, we’ll seek a new balance between digital and in-person programming and respond to the challenge of relevancy in a post-pandemic world, while addressing the needs of our increasingly diverse audiences. Even during the darkness of 2020, the future looks bright for this resilient institution!

 

Douglas S. Jones
Director
Florida Museum of Natural History

CT scan of a Cave angelfish

Cave angelfish

Digital Engagement

The Florida Museum officially launched the Digital Engagement department just one month before Florida’s COVID-19 shutdown. There was recognition that digital communications merited a specialized team dedicated to its success, but no one could have foreseen the critical resource the new department suddenly became when all public functions had to immediately pivot to an online format.

Why Digital Engagement as a separate entity?

Gone is the simpler world of just websites and web visitors. We must bring the Museum to communities over a multitude of different services and meet people where they are—digitally. Combining oversight for website content strategy, email marketing and social media under the same leadership ensures that these efforts are coordinated so visitors have a seamless experience regardless of the platform used to encounter the Museum.

 

Digital engagement is a specific field of communications that requires a user-first focus: delivering the right content at the right time to the right audience. Integrating data analysis at every step ensures measurable goals are set and resources are strategically deployed to best reach our fellow science fans.

Critical COVID-19 response

When the exhibition hall closed its doors, Digital Engagement quickly created a closure-focused campaign strategy, provided data and research on the many new proposed initiatives, and also took on video production. Acknowledging lockdown audiences’ craving for interesting content, DE also worked to surface existing material, convert physical exhibits to online formats, and assist other projects including launching a new video series, blogs and resource sites.

Website

DE supports the Museum’s main website composed of 210 sub-sites, or about 12,000 pages. This includes oversight of design standards, optimizing for mobile viewing, accessibility, governance and training.

Social Media & Email

In a single generation, the world has pivoted to rely on digital channels to connect and communicate, from powerful and personal email campaigns to interactions on social media.

Content Creation & Strategy

Audience-based content is key. DE works to match voice and tone with the needs of the digital visitor, place material and create a visitor journey that fosters engagement.

Web Marketing & SEO

We want to reach people we haven’t met yet and help them find their way to us. This means exploring a wide variety of audiences and behaviors to increase discovery through their preferred channels.

Customer Service

A growing percentage of first-contact inquiry is channeled through email and social platforms’ direct messaging. This puts the DE team on the front line of helping potential visitors, students, colleagues or other professionals.

Data Analysis

Digital provides an endless wealth of data. Our team collects and analyzes it to tell stories, discover patterns, answer questions, guide decisions, and plan compelling content and campaigns.

Museum Support & Consulting

DE provides training and consultation for our faculty, staff and students as they conceptualize website needs, refine existing material, and navigate social media.

Trends Watch

Web technology and social platforms change on a daily basis. It is critical for the team to stay informed of these changes, from micro-shifts on social media to macro-developments at industry level.

Looking ahead

Digital Engagement is a critical component for keeping in touch with fans and followers and reaching even more audiences than ever before. Expectations for quality digital content have rapidly accelerated and the Museum must continue to strive for data-driven reflection and analysis to meet this growing need, ensuring that the Museum’s online offerings continue to bring value and inspiration to the world in an ever-changing digital landscape.

8,491,706

3,128,929

37,811

10,899

215,500

8,869

3,166

10,899

CT scan of a Brown leaf chameleon

Brown leaf chameleon

Research & Collections

openVertebrate Project (oVert)

Since 2017, the Florida Museum has led an ambitious project known as the openVertebrate Project (oVert), a National Science Foundation-funded initiative involving 16 major research institutions with a goal of CT scanning 20,000 vertebrate specimens from museums across the U.S. and freely distributing these online for research and education.

The Florida Museum’s Digitization Discovery and Dissemination (3D) lab worked with the oVert Thematic Collections Network to expand the applications and accessibility of our natural history collections. Digital 3D data from computed tomography and structured light scanning reveal the internal anatomy of animals via high-resolution 3D models. With virtual access to specimens, researchers can peel away the skin of a Mexican narrow-mouthed toad to glimpse its circulatory system, a class of third-graders can count eggs inside a copperhead, undergraduates can 3D print and compare skulls across a range of species and a veterinarian can prepare for surgery on a giraffe at a zoo.

 

These scans have been featured prominently in high profile publications and recent exhibits around the country and are increasingly valuable resources as biology, engineering and anthropology courses have migrated online due to the complications of COVID-19. “It’s exciting to glimpse the inside of rare and precious specimens, but that’s just the beginning,” said David Blackburn, oVert’s lead principal investigator and Florida Museum’s associate curator of herpetology. “This opens up a whole world of vertebrate biology research and education.”

Status at the End of the Third Year

8,300

Specimen CT scans created

4,300

Genera represented in over 700 families

740,000

Data views

31,000

Data downloads

800

University students used data in their courses

124

oVert faculty, staff & students

58

Studies published

1

Patent awarded

40

Presentations given

100

Faculty, staff & students trained

Department of Natural History Highlights

Shells from the crown conch, Melongena corona. ©Florida Museum/Kristen Grace

Environmental Archaeology

The Environmental Archaeology division received a grant from the National Science Foundation to rehabilitate the Wing legacy archaeological collections and archives, the largest of any Collections in Support of Biological Research (CSBR) awarded to date. This grant will support improvement of the physical curation of archaeological collections and open access to collections data.

Native American pottery fragments from the Mission San Martín de Timucua and Mission San Juan de Guacara sites in North Central Florida. ©Florida Museum

Historical Archaeology

The Historical Archaeology division launched the Comparative Mission Archaeology Portal. This website and digital archive dedicated to the archaeology of Franciscan missions was funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities. At present, this resource contains three mission sites with over 60,000 artifact entries, complemented by narrative descriptions of the histories of the missions and the investigations that were conducted at the sites.

Visitors enjoy sunset on the Randell Research Center’s observation pier in Pineland, Florida. ©Florida Museum/Jeff Gage

South Florida Archaeology & Ethnography

In collaboration with the Randell Research Center and Florida Public Archaeology Network, the South Florida Archaeology and Ethnography division led excavations at Calusa Island investigating ancient human-environment relationships and climate change in Southwest Florida. Despite a difficult year with the COVID-19 pandemic cutting short the “high season,” the RRC welcomed thousands of visitors, maintained productive relations with local businesses and enjoyed the continued support of more than 75 docents and volunteers.

“One Tree, One Planet” collaborators Naziha Mestaoui (left), Doug Soltis and Pam Soltis (right). ©Florida Museum/Kristen Grace

Molecular Systematics & Evolutionary Genetics

The Laboratory of Molecular Systematics and Evolutionary Genetics had a productive year, conducting fieldwork in Florida, Eastern North America, Brazil and China as well as presenting research results at national and international conferences. Outreach activities included presentations and events as part of the “One Tree, One Planet” art projection, with collaborator Naziha Mestaoui.

A blue-headed vireo, Vireo solitarius, on a branch. ©Florida Museum/Mitchell Walters

Ornithology

The Ordway Lab of Ecosystem Conservation continued to promote the conservation of biodiversity through intensive field studies, especially in the tropics and in Florida. In the last year, students studied how bird behavior and biodiversity change along environmental gradients such as habitat fragmentation (Peru, Colombia), urbanization (Kenya, United States), elevation (Peru, China), precipitation (Peru, Ecuador) and habitat disturbance (Peru, United States).

Volunteers excavate fossil specimens at the Montbrook site in Levy County, Florida. ©Florida Museum/Jeff Gage

Vertebrate Paleontology

The Vertebrate Paleontology division continues to focus on a large-scale fossil excavation of late Miocene vertebrates from the Montbrook locality in Levy County, Florida. This collective effort has included hundreds of public volunteers and many university students digging on the site. Renovations of the offsite 5,000-square-foot vertebrate paleontology storage facility were completed with funding from the Felburn Foundation and the National Science Foundation, allowing for major curatorial progress in this new space.

McGuire Center for Lepidoptera & Biodiversity

Curators and staff with the McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity continued their groundbreaking research focused on the conservation, diversity, ecology and evolution of moths and butterflies.

  • Lyin’ eyes: Butterfly, moth eyespots may look the same, but likely evolved separately

  • Butterflies’ ‘secret’ to keeping cool hidden in wings

  • Florida's Rare Blue Calamintha Bee Rediscovered

  • Gatorade fuels endangered Miami blue butterflies

  • Akito Kawahara talks insect declines – and what you can do – with Adam Conover

  • New South American butterfly species named for Andy Warren

Research Locations

Collections & Research Data

237

Peer-reviewed publications

55

Grants & contracts worth $9 million

221

Undergraduates & postdoctoral fellows working in the collections

40+

Million specimens & artifacts

187,921

New accessions to collections

358,465

New specimens & artifacts cataloged

38,772

Specimens & artifacts loaned via 467 loans

4,400

News articles about museum research with potential readership of 6.7 billion

New Faculty Hires

Megan Ennes

Megan Ennes

Assistant Curator, Museum Education

As part of her research, Ennes will work with faculty and educators to use museum resources to develop and assess programs that help increase the public’s understanding of science. Learn more

Michelle LeFebvre

Michelle LeFebvre

Assistant Curator, South Florida Archaeology & Ethnography

LeFebvre’s work explores how humans have interacted with their environment over long periods of time, with a focus on the Indigenous people of Florida and the Caribbean. Learn more

Staff & Faculty Teaching

108

Graduate committees chaired

156

Graduate committees served

137

Independent studies supervised

41

Courses taught by Museum faculty

CT scan of Van Dam's girdled lizard

Van Dam’s girdled lizard

Outreach

Exhibits & Public Programs

The Florida Museum’s Exhibits and Public Programs division experienced a tumultuous, but exciting year in 2019-2020.

The fiscal year started with robust attendance to Powell Hall for the featured exhibit, CROCS: Ancient Predators in a Modern World, and the Butterfly Rainforest exhibit, which both attracted large audiences. The second special exhibit, Amazing Pollinators, was a hands-on and immersive exploration of pollinators featuring a colorful maze filled with different habitats from around the world. The Florida Museum’s staff contributed to the development of this exhibit, which will continue its tour across the country.

 

Pre-pandemic programming and outreach included a new series offered in collaboration with TESI, Science On Tap: Is Florida Trying to Kill Me? These popular community-based events were held in partnership with local breweries to explore topics such as sinkholes, mosquitoes, hurricanes and sharks.  The Pop-Up Museum program took interactive science activities outside our walls, from the Tallahassee Science Festival to the Williston Peanut Festival.

 

In March 2020, the Museum experienced an unprecedented closure due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which continued through the end of the fiscal year in June. Museum staff pivoted to a digital distribution method and created new ways of engaging audiences. Many successful programs included virtual tours of the Museum’s exhibits for schools and public audiences, the premiere of the Discovery Time video series for early learners and live engagement with scientists in programs such as The Best Nightlife in Town and Science OFF Tap, a virtual hybrid of the previously in-person program. These programs reached audiences throughout Florida and often included participants from other states and countries.

Attendance & Outreach Data

150,267

Annual visitation

11,853

Public programs attendees

142,017

Visitors to Museum traveling exhibits at other venues

3,027

Visitors to Pop-up Museum events

1,630

K-6 camps participants

10,219

School programs participants

9,372

School outreach participants

83

Teacher workshop attendees

8,782

Other community outreach participants

Thompson Earth Systems Institute

The University of Florida Thompson Earth Systems Institute (TESI) is advancing communication and education about Earth systems science in a way that inspires Floridians to be effective stewards of our planet.

This year has been a year of resilience. As the coronavirus pandemic shut down physical spaces and banned public events, TESI quickly adapted by going completely virtual. Our faculty taught their classes completely online, taking care to engage students in a meaningful way during this difficult time. Our Science on Tap series was redesigned using videoconferencing technology and live polling tools to encourage audience participation. Meanwhile, our Scientist in Every Florida School team assisted teachers across the state with their online classrooms by providing free virtual field trips and digital learning resources.

 

To learn more about TESI, please see the 2019-2020 TESI Annual Report (PDF).

TESI Outreach Data

16,000

K-12 Students representing 138 schools

183

SEFS scientist visits

2,000

K-12 students & teachers attend 35 virtual events

1,843

Floridians learn about earth systems through 15 events

66

Professional workshop attendees

Scientist in Every Florida School

The Scientist in Every Florida School mission is to build long-term collaborative relationships between teachers and scientists, better integrate current scientific research and big data into classroom lessons that adhere to Florida’s Sunshine State Standards and connect a scientist with every school in the state. Because of the team’s experience setting up secure and interactive, web-based visits, they were able to jump into action when the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted traditional school learning and prompted teachers around the state to quickly mobilize, rethink their curriculum and launch virtual classrooms. In response, SEFS quickly developed a suite of digital, on-demand K-12 resources organized by topic that teachers around the state could easily deploy using their virtual teaching platform of choice.

The Florida Museum partnered with local breweries to host a science series in the community. ©Florida Museum/Jeff Gage

Public Programming: Science on Tap

As a state famous for many perceived dangers, it’s no surprise that 850 curious Floridians flocked to Gainesville breweries for TESI’s Science on Tap: Is Florida Trying to Kill Me? event series. Curious participants listened eagerly as enthusiastic scientists debunked myths, tested attendee knowledge and explained the science behind common Florida dangers like hurricanes, wildfires and sinkholes. TESI educators coached scientists on how to make their presentations more user-friendly, engaging and interactive. One ingredient for a successful Science on Tap event is Mentimeter, a presentation software that includes a live polling tool to ensure audience participation throughout the talk.

CT scan of a green sea turtle

Green sea turtle

Support

Longtime Museum supporters’ new gift is an investment in Florida’s future.

Ken and Linda McGurn

Photo courtesy UF Foundation.

Linda and Ken McGurn’s life work has centered on leaving places better than they found them.

 

Beginning in the late 1970s, the couple bought and renovated a series of downtrodden properties in the heart of Gainesville, often undertaking the grittiest repair jobs themselves. Where others saw decay and disuse, the McGurns glimpsed potential. Block by block, they revitalized a dying downtown with new office, retail and residential spaces, preserving local history and installing solar power before green energy was a buzzword.

 

Now the McGurns are turning their attention to the ultimate restoration project – Florida.

 

With 1,350 miles of coastline, Florida is ground zero for climate change, vulnerable to rising sea levels, saltwater intrusion and stronger hurricanes.

 

“We are one of the most at-risk states in the country,” Linda McGurn said. “That’s why it’s important for Florida to be at the forefront of getting the word out about what we’re facing and what we can do about it.”

 

The McGurns have been stalwart supporters of the University of Florida and the Florida Museum of Natural History for decades. But their conviction that the environment is in dire straits – and that science-driven solutions are crucial – led them to make their largest gift to date. Their donation will help fund an expansion to the Museum’s Powell Hall to headquarter the UF Thompson Earth Systems Institute, also known as TESI.

Read More

TESI, founded in 2018 with a cornerstone gift from Jon and Beverly Thompson, advances communication and education about Earth systems science – air, water, land and life – in a way that inspires Floridians to be effective stewards of the planet. The Institute teaches scientists how to talk about their research and connects them to the public through innovative programs. In the past fiscal year, scientists reached 16,000 K-12 students and more than 1,800 Floridians with creative outreach on the interactions between Earth systems and how they’re influenced by human activities.

 

This mission resonates deeply with the McGurns, who have witnessed the clouding of Florida’s springs with chemical runoff, residents of the Maldives standing on their kitchen tables in floodwater and people raking mounds of plastic trash on India’s beaches.

 

“We’re all connected,” Ken McGurn said. “When we affect one part of nature, other parts are affected, too. We need to get that message out.”

 

The TESI expansion, in its conceptual phase, will include a high-tech classroom, conference room, gallery, media space and learning labs. The added space and technology will help the Institute better reach its primary audiences: students, teachers, advocates and policymakers who are in a position to effect environmental change locally, nationally and around the world.

 

“The McGurns’ generous gift for this modern facility will greatly enhance our opportunity to disseminate knowledge about the Earth and its environment for the benefit of Florida’s future,” said TESI Director Bruce MacFadden.

 

The funds also enable Museum leadership to seek additional support from the Florida Legislature to make the project a reality.

 

The McGurns made the donation as a capstone to their leadership of the 2019 phase of the UF Go Greater campaign, which raised a record-setting $519.1 million, with a focus on addressing climate change and other environmental issues. As co-chairs, the couple were able to share their passion for preserving natural resources with fellow Gators and showcase UF’s research and conservation efforts.

 

The gift, they said, is “a natural fit for us” as an extension of their lifelong work to revitalize and restore places for the benefit of future generations.

 

“Linda and Ken McGurns’ deep commitment to environmental stewardship and the role of science in understanding and protecting our natural world have influenced their generous gifts to the Florida Museum,” said Museum Director Douglas S. Jones. “Whether conserving sensitive lands, providing funds for excellence, supporting biodiversity studies, or contributing to a capital project for disseminating critical information about Earth’s natural systems, Ken and Linda set the standard for inspiring people to care about life on Earth.”

Join the McGurns in supporting the Thompson Earth Systems Institute.

Volunteer Hours

22943

Hours donated

499

Total volunteers

Fundraising Data

$27,685,774.65

Total Endowment Value

Cash Gifts $3,135,659.78 36%
Gifts in Kind $1,218,684.50 14%
Bequests $1,558,333.00 18%
Other Pledges $2,865,313.22 32%

$8,777,990.50

Total Gifts FY 19-20

  • Cash Gifts

  • Gifts in Kind

  • Bequests

  • Other Pledges

CT scan of an eyeless banjo catfish

Eyeless banjo catfish

Financials

Revenue

$27.03M

  • UF and State Allocation

  • Contracts and Grants

  • Gifts

  • Other UF Income

  • Earned Income

  • Investment Income

UF/State Allocation $13.48M 49.89%
Contracts and Grants $6.40M 23.67%
Gifts $3.14M 11.60%
Other UF Income $1.97M 7.27%
Earned Income $1.33M 4.93%
Investment Income $0.71M 2.64%

Expenses

$23.18M

  • Salaries and Benefits

  • Other Operating Expenses

  • Overhead and Other Fees

  • Transfers for Future Programming

Salaries & Benefits $16.61M 71.67%
Other Operating Expenses $4.57M 19.70%
Overhead/Other Fees $1.89M 8.17%
Transfers for Future Programming $0.11M 0.46%
CT scan of an ant

White faced ibis feather louse

Awards & Honors

Oldest mahogany fossil named in his honor

Steve Manchester

Received Fulbright Award and elected AAAS Fellow

Larry Page

Elected President, American Society of Plant Taxonomists

Pam Soltis

Elected AAAS Fellow

Doug Soltis

Honored for lifetime achievement

Liz Wing

Received UF 2020 Superior Accomplishment Award

Warren Brown

Received UF Silver Gator 2020 Superior Accomplishment Award

Shan Jiang

Received UF 2020 Superior Accomplishment Award

Andrei Sourakov

Won Silver SEMC Award & Silver ADDY Award

Museum Graphics Team

Received 2020 Bullen Award

Nicolas Delsol

Received 2020 Austin Award

Victor Perez

Received 2020 Austin Award

Ryan St Laurent

Won second place in Ebbe Nielsen Challenge

Informatics Data Team

CT scan of a Shovelnose sturgeon

Shovelnose sturgeon

Publications

  1. Abbate, A., J.W. Campbell, C.B. Kimmel, and W.H. Kern. 2019. Urban development decreases bee abundance and diversity within coastal dune systems. Global Ecology and Conservation 20:e00711.
  2. Aiello, A. and B.J. Stucky. 2020. First host plant record for Pacarina (Hemiptera, Cicadidae). Neotropical Biology and Conservation 15:77-88. DOI:10.3897/neotropical.15.e49013.
  3. Alekseev, Y.E. and E.V. Mavrodiev. 2019. Tragopogon dubius Scop. pp. 249-265. In: V.N. Pavlov, M.G. Vakhrameeva, N.G. Ulanova, and Y.E. Aleks, eds. Biological Flora of the Moscow region: Collective Monograph, Vol. 17. M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
  4. An, J., R. Chen, and G. Paulay. 2020. Three new species of abdominal shrimp parasites (Crustacea: Isopoda: Bopyridae: Hemiarthrinae) from the Indo-West Pacific. Zootaxa 4845(2):264-274. DOI:10.11646/zootaxa.4845.2.7.
  5. An, J., W. Zheng, J. Liang, and G. Paulay. 2020. Three new species of Scyracepon Tattersall, 1905 (Isopoda: Bopyridae) from Pacific islands, with comments on the rarity of bopyrids parasitizing brachyurans. Zootaxa 4851:151-162. DOI:10.11646/zootaxa.4851.1.6.
  6. Aranda, E., L.W. Viñola-López, and L. Álvarez-Lajonchere. 2020. New insights on the quaternary fossil record of Isla de la Juventud, Cuba. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 102(2020):102656.
  7. Arroyave, J., J.S.S. Denton, and M.L. Stiassny. 2020. Pattern and timing of diversification in the African freshwater fish genus Distichodus (Characiformes: Distichodontidae). BMC Evolutionary Biology 20:1-28.
  8. Badon, J.A. and J.Y. Miller. 2020. New subspecies of Appias phoebe C. & R. Felder, 1861 (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) from Mount Talinis, Negros Island, Philippines. Nachrichten des Entomologischen Vereins Apollo 40(3/4):147-148.
  9. Baker, M.A., M.A. Cloud-Hughes, J.P. Rebman, and L.C. Majure. 2019. Nomenclatural changes in Cylindropuntia (Cactaceae). Madroño 66:92-96.
  10. Ball-Damerow, J.E., L.M. Brenskelle, N.V. Barve, P.S. Soltis, P. Sierwald, R. Bieler, R. LaFrance, A.H. Ariño, and R.P. Guralnick. 2019. Research applications of primary biodiversity databases in the digital age. PLOS ONE 14(9):e0215794.
  11. Bamba-Kaya, A., A.-G. Zassi-Boulou, E. Tobi, T.D. Hayes, D.M. Portik, D.C. Blackburn, and G.F.M. Jongsma. 2019. Notes on a little known Central African reed frog, Hyperolius schoutedeni Laurent, 1943. Herpetology Notes 12:873-876.
  12. Bardua, C., A.-C. Fabre, M. Bon, K. Das, E.L. Stanley, D.C. Blackburn, and A. Goswami. 2020. Evolutionary integration of the frog cranium. Evolution 74(6):1200-1215. DOI:10.1111/evo.13984.
  13. Bargar, T.A, M.L. Hladik, and J.C. Daniels. 2020. Uptake and toxicity of clothianidin to Monarch butterflies from milkweed consumption. PeerJ 8:e8669.
    DOI:10.7717/peerj.8669.
  14. Barrios, D., S. Arias, L.R. González-Torres, and L.C. Majure. 2020. Phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Leptocereus (Cactaceae) inferred from chloroplast markers and morpho-anatomical evidence. Plant Systematics and Evolution 306(63):1-15.
  15. Barve, V.V., L.M. Brenskelle, D. Li, B.J. Stucky, N.V. Barve, M.M. Hantak, B.S. McLean, D.J. Paluh, J.A. Oswald, M.W. Belitz, R.A. Folk, and R.P. Guralnick. 2020. Methods for broad-scale plant phenology assessments using citizen scientists’ photographs. Applications in Plant Sciences 8(1):e11315. DOI:10.1002/aps3.11315.
  16. Bates, M.F. and E.L. Stanley. 2020 A taxonomic revision of the south-eastern dragon lizards of the Smaug warreni (Boulenger) species complex in southern Africa, with the description of a new species (Squamata: Cordylidae). PeerJ 8:e8526.
  17. Belitz, M.W., E. Larsen, L. Reis, and R.P. Guralnick. 2020. The accuracy of phenology estimators for use with sparsely sampled presence-only observations. Methods in Ecology and Evolution 11(10):1273-1285.
  18. Belitz, M.W., M.J. Monfils, D.L. Cuthrell, and A.K. Monfils. 2020. Landscape‐level environmental stressors contributing to the decline of Poweshiek skipperling (Oarisma poweshiek). Insect Conservation and Diversity 13(2):187-200.
  19. Bell, R.C., P.J. McLaughlin, G.F.M. Jongsma, D.C. Blackburn, and B.L. Stuart. 2019. Morphological and genetic variation of Leptopelis brevirostris encompasses the little-known treefrogs Leptopelis crystallinoron from Gabon and Leptopelis brevipes from Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea. African Journal of Herpetology 68:91-117.
  20. Blackburn, D.C., G. Giribet, D.E. Soltis, and E.L. Stanley. 2019. Predicting the impact of describing new species on phylogenetic patterns. Integrative Organismal Biology 1:obz028.
  21. Blackburn, D.C., L. Roberts, M.C. Vallejo-Pareja, and E.L. Stanley. 2019. First record of the anuran family Rhinophrynidae from the Oligocene of eastern North America. Journal of Herpetology 53(4):316-323.
  22. Blackburn, D.C., R.M. Keeffe, M.C. Vallejo-Pareja, and J. Vélez-Juarbe. 2020. The earliest record of Caribbean frogs: A fossil coquí from Puerto Rico. Biology Letters 16:20190947.
  23. Blob, R., R. Lagarde, K. Diamond, R.M. Keeffe, R. Bertram, D. Ponton, and H. Shoenfuss. 2019. Functional diversity of evolutionary novelties: Insights from waterfall-climbing kinematics and performance of juvenile gobiid fishes. Integrative Organismal Biology 1:obz029.
  24. Boncristiani, H., J.D. Ellis, T. Bustamante, J. Graham, C. Jack, C.B. Kimmel, A. Mortensen, and D. Schmehl. 2020. World Honey bee health: The global distribution of western Honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) pests and pathogens. Bee World Online Only. DOI:10.1080/0005772X.2020.1800330.
  25. Boudreaux III, E.A., C.R. Cobb, E. Clark, C.B. DePratter, J. Legg, B.R. Lieb, A.M. Smith, and S.D. Smith. 2020. The early contact period in the Black Prairie of northeast Mississippi. pp. 35-56. In: E.A. Boudreaux III, M. Meyers, and J.K. Johnson, eds. Contact, Colonialism, and Native Communities in the Southeastern United States. University of Florida Press, Gainesville.
  26. Braby, M., M. Espeland, C. Muller, R. Eastwood, D. Lohman, A.Y. Kawahara, S. Maunsell, and N. Pierce. 2020. Molecular phylogeny of the tribe Candalidini (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae): Systematics, diversification and evolutionary history. Systematic Entomology 45(3):703-722. DOI:10.1111/syen.12432.
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