PART 3

Class GASTROPODA

Superfamily ORTHALICOIDEA

Families

ORTHALICIDAE UROCOPTIDAE

Subfamilies

ORTHALICINAE BULIMULINAE EUCALODIINAE HOLOSPIRINAE BRACHYPODELLINAE MICROCERAMINAE

Family ORTHALICIDAE Albers, 1860

Subfamily ORTHALICINAE Albers, 1960

DISTRIBUTION — Tropical South America, the West Indies, south Florida, Central America and Mexico.

TAXONOMY — The nomenclature employed in this study follows Breure & Schouten (1985). Six genera are recognized in the subfamily Orthalicinae. One occurs in Central America and Mexico.

Genus Orthalicus Beck, 1837

Orthalicus Beck, 1837. Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 179-182 — Rehder, 1945; Nautilus, 59: 29-31 — Richardson, 1993: 97-117. Oxystyla Schluter, 1838 — Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 101-105. Zebra Shuttleworth, 1858.

TYPE SPECIES — Buccinum zebra Müller, 1774 (Rehder, 1945).

DISTRIBUTION — From Bolivia and Brazil north to Mexico, the West Indies and south Florida. Within the Central American-Mexican region generally the genus occurs below 1500 m altitude. In Mexico Orthalicus occurs at lower elevations along the east coast from southeastern Tamaulipas south to Isthmus of Tehuantepec, northern Chiapas, the Yucatan Peninsula and the Petén region of Guatemala. On the west coast the genus occurs from central Sinaloa southeast to Chiapas and Guatemala, but it occurs at higher elevations than on the east coast. Orthalicus continues south through Central America, generally at less than 1000 m altitude.

TAXONOMY — Strebel (1909) monographed the Orthalicinae. He described numerous species and subspecies, many of which were based on undocumented specimens. In several instances he ignored nomeclatural priorities, he used the same subspecific name for variations within different species, and he employed unconventional taxonomic nomenclature. In many instances he divided single specimen lots into varieties, subspecies and even species. In other instances he placed under a given species name superficially similar appearing specimens from very widely separated localities. These actions cause many taxonomic problems, and a major review of the genus is needed. Tentatively, twenty-seven species plus twelve of Orthalicus are recognized in this study. Richardson (1993) provides a list of references for the species.

Orthalicus boucardi Pfeiffer, 1860

Orthalicus boucardi Pfeiffer, 1860; Proc. Zool. Soc. London: 138; pl. 51, fig. 7 — Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 451; pl. 18, figs. 3, 3a, 3b — Strebel, 1882: 40-41; pl. 1, fig. 1, 2a-g — Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 187; pl. 11, figs. 4, 5, 11 — Richardson, 1993: 98-99. Orthalicus boucardi-ponderosus Strebel, 1882: 39; pl. 1, figs. 4a, 4b (shell). (TL: Tehuantepec). Orthalicus ponderosus-boucardi Strebel, 1882; 39; pl. 1, figs. 3a, 3b. (TL: Tehuantepec). Oxystyla longa var. boucardi (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 127-128; pl. 20, figs. 20-26, 29 (shell). Oxystyla longa var. strebeli Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 128; pl. 22, figs. 7-9. Zebra boucardi (Pfeiffer). Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 72-76; pl. 14, figs. 210, 216, 219, 223 (shell). Zebra boucardi heteromorph melanocheila Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 74; pl. 14, figs. 217, 218. Zebra boucardi heterom. xanthus Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 74. Zebra boucardi heterom. albinus Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 74. (TL: Cerro Negro, near Santa Efigenia, Tehuantepec, Oaxaca). Zebra boucardi form adustus Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 74-74; pl. 14, fig. 228. Zebra boucardi form zebriola Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 75; pl. 14, figs. 229, 230. Zebra boucardi form zoniferus Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 75; pl. 14, figs. 224, 225. (TL: Tehuantepec).

TYPE LOCALITIES — As notes above with TL.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — MICHOACÁN: no specific locality (Strebel, 109). OAXACA: Villa Alta; Tehuantepec; Cerro Negro, Tehuantepec; Sierra de Betaza (17.25º N, 96.15º W) (Von Martens, 1893).

Orthalicus decolor Strebel,1882

Orthalicus decolor Strebel, 1882: 37; pl. 7, figs. 2-4 — Richardson, 1993: 100. Oxystyla decolor (Strebel). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 131-132; pl. 54, figs. 43-47. Zebra mars form decolor (Strebel). Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 62; pl. 11, figs. 167.

TYPE LOCALITY — Not stated.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Unknown. REMARKS — It is doubtful if this taxon is part of the Mexico-Central American fauna. Strebel (1909) notes its similarity to Orthalicus mars (Pfeiffer, 1861), an Ecuadorian species

Orthalicus delphinus (Strebel, 1909)

Zebra delphinus Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 30-31. Orthalicus delphinus (Strebel). Jacobson, 1958; Amer. Mus. Nov., (1899): 11-12 — Richardson, 1993: 100-101. Zebra delphinus form nebulosus Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 31; pl. 2, fig. 47 (shell). Oxystyla delphinus form nebulosa (Strebel). Dall, 1926; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (4) 15: 473-474. Zebra delphinus form pumilio Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 33-34. Oxystyla delphinus form nesiotica Dall, 1926; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (4) 15: 474-475; pl. 35, fig. 3 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITIES — Zebra delphinus: not given. Zebra delphinus form nebulosus: Mazatlan, Sinaloa. Zebra dephinus form pumilio: Mazatlan, Sinaloa. Oxystyla delphinus form nesiotica: Maria Madre Island, Tres Marias Islands, Nayarit. Holotype CAS 2194.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — NAYARIT: Maria Magdalena Island (Dall, 1926; Jacobson, 1958). SINALOA: Mazatlan (Strebel, 1909).

Orthalicus elegans Rolle, 1895

Orthalicus elegans Rolle, 1895; Nachr. Deutsch. Malak. Gesell., 32: 131 — Neubert & Jannsen, 2004; Arch. für Moll., 133: 236; pl. 23, fig. 280 (shell). Orthalicus princeps elegans Rolle. Von Martens, 1901; Biol., Cent. Amer.: 629; pl. 44, fig. 12 — Richardson, 1993: 110. Oxystyla princeps var. elegans (Rolle). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 117-18 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 14: 164; pl. 24, fig. 12 (shell). Zebra elegans (Rolle). Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 38-39; pl. 4, figs. 66, 67. Orth.[alicus] colimensis Rolle, 1895; Nachr. Deutsch. Malak. Gesell., 32: 131.

TYPE LOCALITY — Colima. Holotype in the ZMB.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COLIMA: not known from a definite locality.

Orthalicus ferussaci ferussaci Von Martens, 1863

Orthalicus ferussaci Von Martens, 1963; Monatsber. Akad. Wissen. Berlin, 1863: 542 — Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 447 — Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 184; pl. 10, figs. 8-10 (shell) — Breure & Schouten, 1985; Zool. Meded. Uitg. d. Rijksmus. Nat. Hist. Leiden, 51: 29; text-fig. 16 (reproductive anatomy) — Richardson, 1993: 101 — Pérez & Lopéz, 2002: 223-224. Oxystyla ferussaci (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 119-120; pl. 17, figs. 13-17 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Tehuantepec, Oaxaca.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COSTA RICA, Guanacaste Prov.: Guanacaste; Salinas Bay. GUATEMALA, Dept. Alta Verapaz: Panzos; San Geronimo. Dept. Zacapa: Zacapa. NICARAGUA, Dept. Chontales: Acoyapa (Pilsbry, 1899). MICHOACÁN: El Espinal (Breure & Schouten, 1985). OAXACA: Tehuantepec. YUCATAN: Shkolak (Pilsbry, 1899).

Orthalicus ferussaci tricinctus Von Martens, 1893

Orthalicus melanocheilus (Valenciennes). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 458 (in part); pl. 18, figs. 5, 5a (shell). Orthalicus ferussaci var. tricinctus Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 185; pl. 11, fig. 8 (shell). Oxystyla ferussaci var. tricincta (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 120-121; pl. 18, figs. 4-6; pl. 17, fig. 18 (shell). Orthalicus maracaibensis tricinctus Von Martens. Richardson, 1993: 106.

TYPE LOCALITY — Not specified.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COSTA RICA, Guanacaste Prov.: Quebrada Vijigual, Rio Saverey Valley, 150 m alt.; El Pozo, 50 m alt. Puntarenas Prov.: Boruco, 450 m alt.; Terraba, 250-270 m alt.; Alto de Mano Tigre, 690 m alt. NICARAGUA: no specific locality (Pilsbry, 1899).

Orthalicus hackeri (Strebel, 1909)

Zebra hackeri Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 50; pl. 7, figs. 104, 107, 109, 110, 111 (shell). Orthalicus hackeri (Strebel). Richardson, 1993: 103.

TYPE LOCALITY — Tepic, Nayarit.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — NAYARIT: known only from the type locality.

Orthalicus leucocheilus Crosse & Fischer, 1869

Orthalicus leucocheilus Crosse & Fischer, 1869; Journ. De Conchyl., 17: 423 — Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 459; pl. 18, figs. 7, 7a (shell) — Richardon, 1993: 103. Oxystyla leucocheila (Fischer & Crosse). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 129-130; pl. 21, figs. 37-39 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Orizaba, Veracruz.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — VERACRUZ: known only from the type locality.

Orthalicus livens Shuttleworth 1856

Orthalicus livens Shuttleworth 1856; Notitiae Malacologicae, 1: 64; pl. 3, fig. 8 — Fischer & Crosse, 1872: 453, 455; pl. 18, figs. 6, 6a (shell) — Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 189 — Richardson, 1993: 103 — Neubert & Gosteli, 2005; Contr. Nat. Hist., 5: 23; pl. 20, fig. 2. Oxystyla livens (Shuttleworth). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 118-119; pl. 23, fig. 15 (shell). Zebra livens (Shuttleworth). Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 42-43; pl. 5, figs. 73-73 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Mexico, probably near Veracruz. Syntypes: MHNN/2.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA, Dept. Alta Verapaz: Coban (Strebel, 1909). VERACRUZ: not known from a definite locality. REMARKS — Beck, 1837, has been credited as the author of the name livens. He only listed the name. Shuttleworth first described the species (Neubert & Gosteli, 2005).

Orthalicus lividus Von Martens, 1863

Orthalicus lividus Von Martens, 1863; Monatsber. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1863: 542 — Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 448 — Strebel, 1882: 29-31; pl. 1, fig. 8; pl. 4, fig. 6; pl. 11, fig. 18 (shell) — Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 186; pl. 10, figs. 11, 11a (shell) — Solem, 1959; Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., (611): 8. Oxstyla livida (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 124-125; pl. 19, fig. 18, 19 (shell). Zebra lividus (Von Martens) Strebel; 1909: 48-49; pl. 7, figs. 101-106 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Volcán Jorullo, Michoacán.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — MICHOACÁN: N slope of Volcán Jorullo, 2700-4200 ft. alt. (Solem, 1959). SINALOA: Mazatlan (Pilsbry, 1899).

Orthalicus longus Pfeiffer, 1856

Orthalicus longus Pfeiffer, 1856; Malak. Blätter, 12: 39 — Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 450-451; pl. 18, fig. 4 (shell) — Strebel, 1882: 43; pl. 6, figs. 1b, 1c (shell) — Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 189 — Solem, 1959; Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., (611): 6. Oxystyla longa (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1899; Manual of Conchology, (2) 12: 126-129; pl. 20, figs. 20-26, 29; pl. 21, figs. 33-36; pl. 22; pl. 23, figs. 16-18 (shell). Zebra longa (Pfeiffer). Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 68-69; pl. 13, figs. 190, 192 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Unknown. DISRIBUTION RECORDS — MICHOACÁN: Ario. MORELOS: Cuernavaca. OAXACA: Santa [Salina] Cruz Bay; San Geronimo; Tehuantepec; 10 mi. W of Tehuantepec; 20 mi. W of Tehuantepec. Solem (1959) lists San Geronimo, of which there are two such places in Oaxaca.

Orthalicus maclurae Von Martens, 1893

Orthalicus maclurae Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 188; pl. 11, figs. 1-3 (shell). Oxystyla maclurae (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 125; pl. 21, figs. 40-42 (shell). Zebra maclurae (Von Martens). Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 69-71; pl. 13, figs. 193, 203. Zebra maclurae form turrita Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 71; pl. 13, figs. 204, 205.

TYPE LOCALITIES — Ortalicus maclurae: Cacao, Golfo de Fonseca, Nicaragua [Cacao, Dept. Choluteca, Honduras ?]. Zebra maclurae form turrita: unknown.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — HONDURAS: known only from the type locality. COLIMA (Strebel, 1909). Nayarit: Tres Marias Islands (Strebel, 1909). OAXACA: Tehuantepec (Strebel, 1909). TRINIDAD (Strebel, 1909). REMARKS — See REMARKS under Orthalicus quagus.

Orthalicus maculiferus (Strebel, 1909)

Zebra maculiferus Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 30; pl. 3, fig. 38 (shell). Orthalicus maculiferus (Strebel). Richardson, 193: 105.

TYPE LOCALITY — Not stated.

DISTRIBUTION — Unknown.

Orthalicus melanocheilus melanocheilus (Valenciennes, 1833)

Bulimus melanocheilus Valenciennes, 1833: 246; pl. 55, figs. 3a, 3b. Orthalicus melanocheilus (Valenciennes). Von Martens, 1865; Malak. Blätt., 12: 45, 70 — Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 181, 190; pl. 11, figs. 6, 7, 7a — Rolle, 1895: 130 — Breure & Schouten, 1985; Zool. Meded. Uitg. d. Rijksmus. Nat. Hist. Leiden, 51: 32; text-fig. 18 (reproductive anatomy). Oxystyla melanocheilus (Valenciennes). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 122-123; pl. 18, figs. 1-3 — McGinty, 1939; Nautilus, 53: 6. Orthalicus zebra (Müller). Binney & Bland, 1869; Land & Freshwater shells N. Amer.: 217; text-fig. 371, text-fig. 367 (jaw).

TYPE LOCALITY — Arbitrarily restricted to northwestern Mexico by Von Martens (1865).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COLIMA: no specific locality (Rolle, 1895). GUERRERO: 17 mi. SW of Acapulco (McGinty, 1939); 19.3 mi. W of San Marcos, 300 ft. alt. (Breure & Schouten, 1985). NAYARIT: Tres Maries Islands (Pilsbry, 1899). SINALOA: Mazatlan (Pilsbry, 1899).

Orthalicus melanocheilus mariae (McGinty, 1939)

Oxystla melanocheilus mariae McGinty, 1939; Nautilus, 53: 6; pl. 2, fig. 6 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Puerto Marquez, near Acapulco, Gurrero. Holotype ANSP 174048.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: known only from the type locality.

Orthalicus muelleri (Strebel, 1909)

Orthalicus zebra (Müller). Strebel, 1882: 24; pl. 11, fig. 20 (shell). Zebra muelleri Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 46. Orthalicus muelleri (Strebel). Richardson, 1993: 107.

TYPE LOCALITY — Mazatlan, Sinaloa [Mazatlan, Guerrero ?].

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SINALOA [GUERRERO ?]: known only from the type locality.

Orthalicus nobilis Rolle, 1895

Orth.[alicus] nobilis Rolle, 1895; Nachr. Deut. malak. Gesell., 27: 131 — Richardson, 1993: 107. Orthalicus zoniferus var. nobilis Rolle. Von Martens, 1901; Biol. Cent. Amer.: pl. 46, fig. 16 (shell). Oxystyla nobilis (Rolle). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 124. Oxystyla zoniferus var. nobilis (Rolle). Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 14: pl. 24, fig. 13 (shell). Zebra nobilis (Role). Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 39-40; pl. 5, figs. 68, 69 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Colima.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COLIMA: not known from a specific locality.

Orthalicus pallidus (Srebel, 1909)

Zebra pallida Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 40; pl. 5, figs. 70-71 — Neubert & Jannsen, 2004; Arch. für Moll., 133: 237; pl. 23, fig. 281 (holotype). Orthalicus nobilis pallidus (Strebel). Richardson, 1993: 107.

TYPE LOCALITY — Colima. Holotype SMF 26849.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COLIMA: known only from the type locality.

Orthalicus ponderosus ponderosus Strebel, 1882

Orthalicus ponderosus Strebel, 1882: 35-36; pl. 7, figs. 1, 5-8 — Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 190; pl. 11, figs. 10, 10a — Rolle, 1895; Nachr. Deut. Malak. Gesell., 32:: 130 — Solem, 1959; Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., (611): 7 — Richardson, 1993:108-109. Oxystyla ponderosa (Strebel). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 130-131; pl. 19, figs. 14-17 — McGinty, 1939: Nautilus, 53: 4-5; pl. 2, fig. 1 (shell). Orthalicus boucardi-ponderosus Strebel, 1882; 39; pl. 1, figs. 4a, 4b. Orthalicus ponderosus-boucardi Strebel, 1882: 132. Orthalicus lividus-princeps Strebel, 1882: 31; pl. 1, fig. 6. Zebra mars (Pfeiffer). Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 59-61; pl. 11, figs. 170-172. Zebra miles Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 64-65; pl. 12, figs. 183-184. (TL: 25 miles NE of Acapulco, Guerrero).

TYPE LOCALITY — Not stated. DISRIBUTION RECORDS — COLIMA: Culata, nr. Manzanillo; Colima. GUERRERO: Dos Arroyos, 25 mi. NE of Acapulco, 1000 ft. alt. (Pilsbry, 1899); vicinity of Acapulco (McGinty, 1939). MICHOACÁN: Sierra de Coalcoman, trail from Pomare to Maruata, 700 ft. alt.; Sierra de Coalcoman, trail from Los Pozos to Ranch Quemado, 4500 ft. alt. (Solem, 1959). NAYARIT: San Blas; Tepic. OAXACA: Tehuantepec (Pilsbry, 1899). REMARKS — Apparently Strebel took the species name Zebra miles from the type locality of “25 miles NE of Acapulco, Guerrero”.

Orthalicus ponderosus albatus (McGinty, 1939)

Oxystyla ponderosa albata McGinty, 1939; Nautilus, 53: 5-6; pl. 2, fig. 4 (shell) — Richardson, 1993: 97.

TYPE LOCALITY — Vicinity of Acapulco, Guerrero. Holotype ANSP 174049.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: known only from the type locality.

Ortalicus ponderosus balesi (McGuinty, 1939)

Oxystyla ponderosa balesi McGinty, 1939; Nautilus, 53: 5; pl. 2, fig. 2 (shell) — Richardson, 1993: 97.

TYPE LOCALITY — Puerto Marquez, near Acapulco. Holotype ANSP 174046.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: known only from the type locality.

Orthalicus princeps princeps (Broderip, 1833)

Bulimus princeps Broderip, 1833. Oxystyla princeps (Broderip). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 113-115; pl. 16, figs. 1-9 — Pilsbry, 1926; Proc. Aacd. Nat. Sci. Phila., 78: 87-88; fig. 18 (shell) — Pilsbry, 1930; Proc. Aacd. Nat. Sci. Phila., 82: 341-342; pl. 28, figs. 1-9 — Richards, 1937 253 — Richards, 1939; Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., 81: 33 — Basch, 1959; Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., (612): 10. Orthalicus princeps (Broderip). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 182-183; pl. 10, figs. 3, 3a, 3b, 4-6 (shell) — van der Schalie, 1940: 5 — Solem, 1959; Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., (611): 7 — Rehder, 1966; Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 79: 287-288 — Thompson, 1967; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 11: 244 — Breure & Schouten, 1985; Zool. Meded. Uitg. d. Rijksmus. Nat. Hist. Leiden, 51: 32; text-fig. 18 (reproductive anatomy) — Richardson, 1993: 109-111 — Pérez & Lopéz, 2002: 225-227 — O.[rthalicus] princeps var. crassiuscula Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 23.

TYPE LOCALITY — Bulimus princeps: Conchagua, Dept. La Union, El Salvador.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Widely distributed from Sinaloa along the west coast and from southeastern Tamaulipas along the east coast of Mexico south to Panama. COSTA RICA, Guanacaste Prov.: Guanacaste (Pilsbry, 1899). GUATEMALA, Dept. Alta Verapaz: Cahabon; Coban; Senahu; Panzos (Pilsbry, 1899); Chamá (van der Schalie, 1940). Dept. Peten: Tikal National Park (Basch, 1959). Dept. Progreso: San Agustin (Pilsbry, 1899). Dept. Quetzaltenango: Cerro Zunil (Pilsbry, 1899). Dept. Retalhuleu: Retalhuleu; San Francisco Miramar; Capetillo; El Reposo (Pilsbry, 1899). Dept. Suchitepequez: Mazatenango (Pilsbry, 1899). NICARAGUA: Corn Island (Richards, 1939); commonly distributed along the Pacific Versant (Pérez & Lopéz, 2002). PANAMA, Canal Zone: Barro Colorado Island; between Tabernillo and San Pablo. Chiriqui Prov.: Bugaba; Quipo (Pilsbry, 1926). EL SALVADOR, Dept. Union: Conchagua (Pilsbry, 1899). CAMPECHE: several localities (Thompson, 1967). CHIAPAS: Monte Libano, 600 m alt.; Monte Libano to El Censo, 600-700 m alt.; San Lorenzo, midway between Ocosingo and El Real (Bequaert, 1957); Escuintla (Solem, 1959). COLIMA: Colima. NAYARIT: Tepic (Pilsbry, 1899); Tres Marias Islands (Dall, 1926) (this record may be based on misidentifications of Orthalicus delphinus (Jacobson, 1958: 12). OAXACA: Panistlahuaca; Ixstapa; Cerro de Acatepec, near Tuletepec (Pilsbry, 1899); 3.4 mi. WNW Zanatepec, ca. 275 ft. alt. (Breure & Schouten, 1985). QUINTANA ROO: Cozumel Island (Richards, 1937; Rehder, 1966). SAN LUIS POTOSI: Agua Buena (21°57’33” N, 99°22’37” W, 440 m alt.); Las Cascadas, Tamasopa (21°56’05” N, 99°25’00” W); Jalpilla (21°23’39” N, 98°52’37” W) (Correa, et al 1998). SINALOA: Mazatlan; Presidio de Mazatlan (Pilsbry, 1899). TAMAULIPAS: localities in the southeastern part of the state. (Correa & Catstro, 2002). VERACRUZ: Papantla; Misantl; Playa Vicente; Coatepec, above Jalapa; Almolonga, below Jalapa; Mirador; Cordoba; Atoyac; Veracruz (Pilsbry, 1899), Rancho El Sol, Naranjos (21°20’00” N, 97°43’16” W); San Juan Cuajinampa (21°11’53” N, 97°30’00” W); El Bajío, Carr. Naranjos-Tuxpan (20°57’17”N, 97°25’57” W); Carr. Tuxpan-Poza Rica, km 234 (20°49’11” N, 97°30’00” W); La Ordeña, Papantla (20°29’43”N, 97°18’27” W) (Correa, 1999). YUCATAN: Merida; Tabi; Shkolak; Tekanto; Ticul; Silam (Pilsbry, 1899); Chichen Itza (Bequaert & Clench, 1936).

Orthalicus princeps crossei Von Martens, 1893

Orthalicus zoniferus crossei Von Martens 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 186 — Haas & Solem, 1960; Nautilus, 73: 131. Oxystyla princeps crossei (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 116; pl. 17, fig. 12. – Richardson, 1993: 110.

TYPE LOCALITY — Belize.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BELIZE: Rio Frio Cave, Double Fall (Haas & Solem, 1960).

Orthalicus princeps deceptor (Pilsbry, 1899)

Orthalicus obductus Shuttleworth. Fischer & Crosse; 1875: 456 (exclusive of South American references and localities) — Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 187 (exclusive of South American references and localities). Zebra obductus (Shuttleworth). Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 34; pl. 3, figs. 4a, 4b, 7b, 7c (shell) (exclusive of South American references and localities). Oxystyla princeps var. deceptor Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 116-117; pl. 24, figs. 19-24 (shell) — Pilsbry, 1926; Proc. Aacd. Nat. Sci. Phila., 78: 341. Orthalicus princeps deceptor (Pilsbry). Richardson, 1993: 110. TYPE LOCALITY. Polvón, Dept. León, Nicaragua. Lctotypa ANSP 5099a (H. B. Baker, 1963: 227).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BELIZE: Belize. GUATEMALA, Dept. Alta Verapaz: Coban; San Geronimo. NICARAGUA, Dept. Leon: Polvón. PANAMA: islands in Panama Bay.

Orthalicus princeps fischeri Von Martens, 1893

Orthalicus princeps var. fischeri Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 183; pl. 10, fig. 7 (shell). Oxystyla princeps fischeri (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 116; pl. 16, fig. 9 (shell) — Pilsbry, 1930; Proc. Aacd. Nat. Sci. Phila., 82: 342. Orthalicus princeps fischeri (Von Martens). Richardson, 1993: 110.

TYPE LOCALITY — El Reposo and San Isidro, Dept. Suchitepequez, Guatemala.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA: known only from the type locality.

Orthalicus princeps perlongus (Pilsbry, 1899)

Oxystyla princeps var. perlonga Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 117; pl. 24, fig. 25. Orthalicus princeps perlongus (Pilsbry). Richardson, 1993: 110. TYPE LOCALITY. Panama.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PANAMA: not known from a definite locality.

Orthalicus princeps trifractus (Pilsbry, 1899)

Oxystyla princeps var. trifracta Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 115; pl. 17, figs. 10, 11 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — El Salvador. Lectotype ANSP 28080 (H. Baker, 1963: 231).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — EL SALVADOR: known only from the type locality.

Orthalicus pseudolongus (Strebel, 1909)

Zebra pseudo-longus Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 71-72; pl. 14, figs. 208, 209 (shell). TYPE LOCALITY. Unknown.

DISTRIBUTION — Unknown

Orthalicus quagus (Strebel, 1909)

Zebra quaga Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 41; pl. 6, figs. 92-94, 96 (shell). Zebra quaga form turrita Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 42; pl. 5, fig. 78 (shell). Zebra livens form aberrans Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 43-44; pl. 5, figs. 74-77 (shell), figs. 70-80 (shell) — Neubert & Jannsen, 2004; Arch. für Moll., 133: 236; pl. 23, fig. 282 (syntype). Orthalicus quaga (Strebel). Solem, 1959; Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., (611): 8; pl. 2, fig. 19 (shell) — Richardson, 1993: 112.

TYPE LOCALITIES — Zebra quaga: not given. Zebra quaga form turreta: Colima. Zebra livens form aberrans: Colima; syntype SMF 25454 (Neubert & Jannsen, 2004).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COLIMA: (Strebel). MICHOACÁN: Cerro de Guzman, nr. Coalcoman (Solem, 1959). REMARKS — The name Zebra quaga form turrits (Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 42) is a different taxon than Zebra maclurae form turrita (Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 71) or Zebra sphinx form turrita (Strebel, 109: 68).

Orthalicus richardsoni (Strebel, 1909)

Zebra richardsoni Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 36-37; pl. 4, figs. 60, 61, 62 (shell). Orthalicus richardsoni (Strebel). Richardson, 1993: 113.

TYPE LOCALITY — Tepic, Nayarit.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — NAYARIT: known only from the type locality.

Orthalicus selectus (Strebel, 1909)

Zebra selectus Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 37-38; pl. 4, figs. 54, 58, 63 (shell). Orthalicus selectus (Strebel). Richardson, 1993: 113.

TYPE LOCALITY — Trinidad.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA, Dept. Alta Verapaz: Coban (Strebel, 1909). REMARKS — The inclusion of this taxon in the Central American fauna is questionable.

Orthalicus sphinx sphinx (Strebel, 1909)

Zebra sphinx Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 66-67; pl. 12, figs. 181, 185. Orthalicus sphinx (Strebel, 1909) — Richardson, 1993: 113.

TYPE LOCALITY — Tepic, Nayarit.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — NAYARIT: known only from the type locality.

Orthalicus sphinx latistriatus (Strebel, 1909)

Zebra sphinx form latistriata Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 67; pl. 12, figs. 177, 178. Orthalicus sphinx latistriatus (Strebel). Richardson, 1993: 113.

TYPE LOCALITY — Not stated.

DISTRIBUTION — Unknown.

Orthalicus sphinx turrita (Strebel, 1909)

Zebra sphinx form turrita Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 67. Orthalicus sphinx turrita (Strebel). Richardson, 1993: 113.

TYPE LOCALITY — An island above San Blas, Nayarit.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — NAYARIT: known only from the type locality. REMARKS — See REMARKS under Orthalicus quagus.

Orthalicus tepicensis tepicensis (Strebel, 1909)

Zebra tepicensis Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 45; pl. 6, figs. 97, 98 (shell). Orthalicus tepicensis (Strebel). Richardson, 1993: 113.

TYPE LOCALITY — Tepic, Nayarit.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — NAYARIT: known only from the type locality.

Orthalicus tepicensis rollei (Strebel, 1909)

Zebra tepicensis form rollei Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 45; pl. 6, figs. 95, 99, 100 (shell). Orthalicus tepicensis rollei (Strebel). Richardson, 1993: 113.

TYPE LOCALITY — Colima.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COLIMA: known only from the type locality.

Orthalicus torrei (McGinty, 1939)

Oxystyla torrei McGinty, 1939; Nautilus, 52: 93-94. McGinty, 1939; Nautilus, 53: pl. 2, fig. 7 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Vicinity of Acapulco, Guerrero. Holotype ANSP 173342.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: known only from the type locality.

Orthalicus uhdeanus Von Martens, 1893

Orthalicus livens var. uhdeanus Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 189. Oxystyla livens var. uhdeanus (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 129; pl. 23, figs. 16-16; pl. 22, figs. 3-4. Zebra uhdeanus (Von Martens). Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 63; pl. 10, figs. 158, 161, 162.

TYPE LOCALITY — Michoacán.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: Acapulco (Strebel, 1909). MICHOACÁN: not known from a specific locality (Von Martens, 1893).

Orthalicus zoniferus Strebel, 1882

Orthalicus zoniferus Strebel, 1882: 28-29; pl. 1, figs. 7a, 7b (shell) — Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 186; pl. 10, figs. 12, 13 — Solem, 1959; Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., (611): 7-8 — Breure & Schouten, 1985; Zool. Meded. Uitg. d. Rijksmus. Nat. Hist. Leiden, 51: 35; text-fig. 21 (reproductive anatomy). Oxystyla zonifera (Strebel). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 124-125; pl. 23, figs. 10-14 (shell). Zebra zoniferus (Strebel). Strebel, 1909; Rev. Unterfam. Orthalicinen: 51-56; pl. 8, figs. 112-115, 118-119 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Iguala, Guerrero.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COLIMA: no specific locality (Rolle, 1895) GUERRERO: Iguala; Rancho del Platanillo, near Iguala; Chilpancingo; Venta de Zopilote; Monte Pelegrina, N of Acapulco (Pilsbry, 1899); Laguna Coyuca (Solem, 1959). JALISCO: hill 1.0 mi. NW of Zapotiltic (Breure & Schouten, 1985). MICHOACÁN: Tafetan (19º25’ N, 100º51’ W); between Tzitzio and Heutamo; 1.2 mi. S of Charapendaro [Charapandiro] (19º15’ N, 101º58’ W) (Solem, 1959). OAXACA: no specific locality (Von Martens, 1893).

Subfamily BULIMULINAE Tryon, 1867

DISTRIBUTION — Tropical and subtropical Americas, South Pacific Islands, southern Australia.

TAXONOMY — Numerous genera and species. The taxonomy employed follows Breure (1978, 1979). Richardson (1995) gives a bibliography of the species. The study area is inhabited by 132 species and 53 subspecies.

Genus Plekocheilus Guilding, 1828

TYPE SPECIES — Voluta aurisseleni Born, 1780. DISTRIBUTION. Widely distributed in South America.

TAXONOMY — Five subgenera are recognized (Breure, 1979). One enters the southeastern most region of Panama.

Subgenus Eudolichotis Pilsbry, 1896

=

TYPE SPECIES — Bulimus distortus Bruguière, 1789. =

DISTRIBUTION — Northern areas of Colombia, Venezuela, Guayana, Surinam, French Guayana, Trinidad, Grenada and Pará, Brazil. Southeastern Panama. =

TAXONOMY — About a dozen species are recognized. A single species occurs in the study area.

Plekocheilus (Eudolichotis) distorta panamensis (Pilsbry, 1910)

= Auris distorta panamensis Pilsbry, 1910; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 62: 507-508; pl. 37, figs. 8-9. =

TYPE LOCALITY — Between Tabernillo and San Pablo, Panama. Holotype ANSP 101314. =

DISTRIBUTION — PANAMA: known only from the type locality.

Genus Berendtia Crosse & Fischer, 1869

= Berendtia Crosse & Fischer, 1869; Jour. de Conchyl, 17: 191 — Christensen & Miller, 1975: 44-46 — Breure, 1978; Uitg. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden (164): 77-78. =

TYPE SPECIES — Clausilia (Balea ?) taylori Pfeiffer, 1861. =

DISTRIBUTION — Central Baja California Sur. =

TAXONOMY — The genus is monotypic.

Berendtia taylori (Pfeiffer, 1861)

= Clausilia (Balea ?) taylori Pfeiffer, 1961; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 27; pl. 2, fig. 7. Berendtia taylori (Pfeiffer). Crosse & Fischer, 1870; Jour. de Conchyl., 18: 15; pl. 5, figs. 11-13 — Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 304-306; pl. 14, figs. 1, 1a, 1b (hsell); pl. 16, fig. 1 (jaw), fig. 2, 3 (radula), fig. 4 (nervous system) — Pilsbry, 1903; Man. Conch., 15: 57; pl. 18, figs. 30-36 (shell) — Hanna, 1923; Proc. Calf. Acad. Sci., (4), 12: 506; pl. 8, fig. 10 (shell) — Christensen & Miller, 1975; Nautilus, 89: 44-46; text-fig. 1 (reproductive anatomy), fig. 5 (shell) — Breure, 1978; Uitg. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden (164): 159; figs. 261 (reproductive anatomy) — Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 124-125; text-fig. 27 (map). Cylindrella (Urocoptis) newcombiana Gabb, 1868; Amer. Jour. Conch., 3: 237; pl. 16, fig. 3 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Clausilia (Balea ?) taylori: unknown. Cylindrella newcombiana: Lower California, especially above Moleje [Molegé]. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: restricted to the Sierra de la Giganta. Smith, et al (1990) list numerous localities within this range.

Genus Bulimulus Leach, 1814

=

TYPE SPECIES — Helix exilis Gmelin, 1791 =

DISTRIBUTION — South America from Argentina and Paraguay north to the Greater Antilles and southeastern Mexico. =

TAXONOMY — Breure (1979) list about 100 species and subspecies names that have been proposed in the genus. Seven species and three subspecies are recognized in Mexico and Central America.

Bulimulus coriaceus (Pfeiffer, 1856)

= Bulimus coriaceus Pfeiffer, 1856; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 318. Bulimulus coriaceus (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 552; pl. 21, figs. 7, 7a (shell) — Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 248 — Pilsbry, 189; Man. Conch., 11: 51-52; pl. 10, figs. 77-80 (shell). Bulimus behrendti Pfeiffer, 1861; Malak. Blätt., 8: 168. Bulimulus coriaceaus var. berendti (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 249. =

TYPE LOCALITY — State of Veracruz. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — OAXACA: Cacaprieto, near Santa Efigenia, Tehuantepec (Von Martens, 1893). TABASCO: Teapa; San Juan Bautista (Von Martens, 1893). VERACRUZ: Jalapa; Orizaba; Cordoba; Veracruz; Toxpan, nr. Cordoba; Atoyac (Von Martens, 1893). =

Bulimulus corneus corneus (Sowerby, 1833)

Bulimus corneus Sowerby, 1833; Proc. Zool. Soc.London, 1833: 37 — Neubert & Jannsen, 2004; Arch. für Moll., 123: 206; pl. 10, fig. 107 (syntype). Bulimulus (Leptomerus) corneus (Sowerby). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 548. Bulimulus corneus (Sowerby) — Pilsbry, 1897; Man. Conch., 11: 54-55; pl. 10, fig. 82 (shell) — Pérez, Santamaria & López, 1996; Estud. Mus. Cienc. Naturales de Avala, 10-11: 259-265 (ecology) — Pérez & López, 2002: 208-210. =

TYPE LOCALITY — Polvón, Dept. Chinadega, Nicaragua.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COSTA RICA, Alahuela Prov.: Las Palmares. San Jose Prov.: San Jose. Guanacaste Prov.: Guanacaste. Limon Prov.: Puerto Viejo, on the Rio Sarapiquí (Pilsbry, 1897). GUATEMALA, Dept. Retalhuleu: Retalhuleu. Dept. Escuintla: Escuintla. Dept. Zacapa: Zacapa. NICARAGUA, Pacific versant, numerous localities (Pérez & López, 2002). Dept. Rio San Juan: San Juan, Castillo; Toro Rapids (Pilsbry, 1897); Bluefields (Fluck, 1905).

Bulimulus corneus nubeculatus (Pfeiffer, 1853)

= Bulimus nubeculatus Pfeiffer, 1853; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 257. Bulimulus corneus var. nubeculatus (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 247 — Pilsbry, 1897; Man. Conch., 11: 56. =

TYPE LOCALITY — Central America. Lectotype BMNH 1975407 (Breure, 1979; Zool. Verhandl. Uit. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden (168): 63). =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Not known from a definite locality. =

TAXONOMY — Regarded as a questionable variety of Bulimulus corneus by Von Martens (1893) and by Pilsbry, (1897). =

Bulimulus corneus minor (Von Martens, 1893)

= Bulimulus (Leptomerus) nubeculatus (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 556; pl. 25, figs. 7, 7a (shell). Bulimulus corneus var. minor Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 247 — Pilsbry, 1897; Man. Conch., 11: 56; pl. 10, figs. 71, 72 (shell). =

TYPE LOCALITY — San Andres Tuxtla, Veracruz. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — VERACRUZ: known only from the type locality. =

TAXONOMY — Regarded as a questionable variety of Bulimulus corneus by Von Martens (1893) and by Pilsbry (1897).

Bulimulus dysoni (Pfeiffer, 1846)

Bulimus dysoni Pfeiffer, 1846; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 39. Bulimulus dysoni (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 551 — Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 241 — Pilsbry, 1891; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila: 315 — Pilsbry, 1897; Man. Conch., 11: 56-57; pl. 10, fig. 83 (shell) — Breure, 1979; Zool. Verhandl. Uit. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden (168): 62.

TYPE LOCALITY — Honduras. Syntypes BMNH 197453 (Breure, 1979; Zool. Verhandl. Uit. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden (168): 62.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — HONDURAS: not known from a definite locality. NICARAGUA, Dept. Chontales: Acoyapa (Martens, 1893). GUATEMALA, Dept. Sacatepeques: Duenas (Pilsbry, 1897). YUCATAN: Tabi (Pilsbry, 1891).

Bulimulus inermis inermis (Morelet, 1851)

= Bulimus inermis Morelet, 1851; Test. Noviss., II: 10. Bulimulus (Leptomerus) inermis (Morelet). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 550; pl. 20, figs. 16, 17 (shell). Bulimulus inermis (Morelet). Pilsbry, 1897; Man. Conch., 11: 51; pl. 19, fig. 87 (shell) — Bequaert & Clench, 1933; Pub. Carnegie Inst. Wash., (431): 534.

TYPE LOCALITY — Palizada, state of Campeche. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — CAMPECHE: known only from the type locality.

Bulimulus inermis var. major Von Martens, 1897

= Bulimulus inermis var. major Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 250 — Köhler, 2007; Mitt. Mus. für Nat. Berlin, Zool., 82: 134, fig. 37 (syntype). =

TYPE LOCALITY — Northern Guatemala, valley of the Rio Cisoy at Rancho Chisoy. Syntype ZMB 112736. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA: known only from the type locality.

Bulimulus inutilis (Reeve, 1850)

= Bulimus inutilis Reeve, 1850; Conch. Icon.: pl. 86, fig. 639 (shell). Bulimulus inutilis (Reeve). Pilsbry, 1897; Man. Conch., 11: 73-74; pl. 11, fig. 37 (shell) — Breure, 1978; Uitg. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden (164): 144 — Breure, 1979; Zool. Verhandl. Uit. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden (168): 63. =

TYPE LOCALITY — Central America. Lectotype BMNH 1975162 (Breure, 1978; Uitg. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden (164): 144). =

DISTRIBUTION — Unknown. The taxonomic validity of this form is questionable, and its inclusion in the Central American fauna is doubtful.

Bulimulus sarcodes (Pfeiffer, 1846)

= Bulimus sarcodes Pfeiffer, 1846a; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 30. Bulimus (Leptomerus) sardodes Pfeiffer. Albers, 1850; Die Heliceen: 166. Bulimulus (Leptonerus) sarcodes (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 248. Bulimulus sarcodes (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1897; Man. Conch., 11: 56; pl. 10, figs. 74-76 (shell). =

TYPE LOCALITY — Honduras. Syntype ZMB 112737 (Kohler, 2007: 135). =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — HONDURAS: not recorded from a specific locality.

Bulimulus unicolor (Sowerby, 1833)

Bulimus unicolor Sowerby, 1833; Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1833: 72 — Neubert & Jannsen, 2004; Arch. fur Moll., 123: 233; pl. 10, fig. 109 (syntype). Bulimulus unicolor (Sowerby). Pilsbry, 1897: Man. Conch., 11: 53; pl. 10, fig. 73 (shell) — Bequaert & Clench, 1933; Pub. Carnegie Inst. Wash., (431): 534 — Branson & McCoy, 1963; Nautilus, 76: 105 — Thompson, 1967; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 11: 244-248. Bulimulus unicolor unicolor (Reeve). Breure, 1978; Uitg. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden (164): 147-148. Bulimus umbraticus Reeve, 1849; Conch. Icon.: pl. 77, fig. 550. Bulimus ignavus Reeve, 1849; Conch. Icon.: pl. 77, fig. 562. Bulimus Peténensis Morelet, 1852: 10 — Neubert & Jannsen, 2004; Archiv fur Molluskenkunde, 123: 222; pl. 10, fig. 108 (paralectotype). Bulimulus unicolor petenensis (Morelet). Breure, 1978; Uitg. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden (164): 149. Bulimulus (Leptomeris) istapensis Fischer & Crosse, 1975: 549; pl. 20, fig. 18. Bulimulus sanmiguelensis Richards, 1937; Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 77: 253-254; pl. 4, fig. 6. Bulimulus ochraspiris Branson & McCoy, 1965; Neotropica, 11: 97-100; figs. 1a, 1b (shell), fig. 2 (jaw), figs. 3 (radula) — Thompson, 1969: 106-107.

TYPE LOCALITIES — Bulimus unicolor: Panama, Perico Island. Lectotype BMNH 1975411 (Breure, 1978; Uitg. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden (164): 148). limus umbraticus: Central America. Bulimus ignavus: Central America. Lectotype BMNH 1975411 (Breure, 1979; Zool. Verhandl. Uit. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden (168): 63). Bulimus petenensis: Petén, Guatemala. Lectotype BMNH 1893.2.4.1176 (Breure, 1979: 64). Bulimulus istapensis: Istapa, Dept. Escuintla, Guatemala. Bulimulus sanmiguelensis: near the town of San Miguel, Cozumel Island, Quintana Roo. Holotype ANSP 167746. Bulimulus ochraspiris: 17.2 miles south of Chapotón, Campeche. Holotype: University of Colorado Museum 26373. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BELIZE: W of Gales Point; Benque Viejo; Benque Viejo River, 1 mi. from cayo; Belize River (Thompson, 1967). GUATEMALA, Dept. Petén: Paso Caballo; Flores; Puebla Nueva; Remate; island in Lago Eckixil; Uaxactun (Thompson 1967); Tikal National Park (Basch, 1959; Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., (612): 10). Dept. Zacapa: around Zacapa (Thompson, 1967). HONDURAS, Dept. Chiquimula: between Jocotan and Jumusna (Thompson, 1967). NICARAGUA: Greytown (Pilsbry, 1897). CAMPECHE: NUMEROUS LOCALITIES (Thompson, 1967). CHIAPAS. QUINTANA ROO: Cozumel Island, 1.5 mi. NNE of San Miguel; 7.1 mi. NNW of Xiatil; 2.3 mi. SSE of Xiatil, 4.0 mi. E of Xpujil (Thompson, 1967). YUCATAN: numerous localities (Pilsbry, 1897; Bequaert & Clench, 1933); Chichen Itza; San Ignacio; Merida; Uxmal; 0.8 mi. NE of Becanchén; 10.0 mi. NE of Becanchén; 7.0 mi. SSE of Uman; 1.0 mi. SSE of Puerto Telchac (Thompson, 1967). COLIMA: 8 mi. SW of Colima (Branson & McCoy, 1963).

Genus Drymaeus Albers, 1850

Drymaeus is a very large genus consisting of nearly 600 named species. The genus includes 65 species and 50 subspecies in Mexico and Central America. Since the genus first was proposed, satisfactory division into smaller units has eluded authors. Recognition of subgenera has proven to be unsustainable because of the numerous intermediate species. The arrangement of species groups presented here is modified from the systems employed by Von Martens (1893) and by Pilsbry (1899). Nothing more satisfactory has been proposed during the past century. Many of the species have colorful shells, and local varieties frequently have been named. This has added to confusion when working with such a large group of species. Many of the varieties have little basis for taxonomic recognition. They were proposed as descriptors and not as taxonomic units, although subsequent authors have given them formal recognition. They are included in this account while recognizing that their taxonomic status requires further study.

DISTRIBUTION — Throughout tropical and subtropical America from Argentina north to Mexico, and throughout the West Indies to Florida.

TAXONOMY — Within the study area two subgenera are recognized by Breure & Eskens (1981), Drymaeus and Mesembrinus. They are distinguished by the development of the peristome and by some anatomical differences (Breure. 1979: 103). The shell of hee subgenus Drymaeus has an expanded to broadly reflected outer lip, whereas in the subgenus Mesembrinus the outer lip is simple to narrowly expanded. The distinction is arbitrary except when dealing with extreme cases. Breure (1979) lists nine subgeneric names that have been applied to the subgenus Drymaeus. Three subgenera have been proposed for species of the Central American fauna.

Drymaeus Albers, 1950: 155. Type species by subsequent designation (Pilsbry, 1898): Helix hygrohylaeus Orbigny, 1835 (Bolivia).

Goniognathus Fischer & Crosse, 1875. Type species by original designation: Bulimus lattrei Pfeiffer, 1847. Metadrymaeus Pilsbry, 1926. Type species by original designation: Bulimus josephus Angus, 1878. Breure (1979) lists five subgeneric names that have been applied to Mesembrinus. Three names pertain to the Central American fauna. Mesembrinus Albers, 1850: 157. Type species by subsequent designation, Albers, 1860: Helix virgulata Ferussac, 1821. Antidrymaeus Germain, 1907. Type species by subsequent designation, Pilsbry, 1926: Bulimulus inusitatus Fulton, 1900. Leptodrymaeus Pilsbry, 1946. Type species by original designation: Bulimus dominicus Reeve, 1850. Drymaeus is divided into species groups on the basis of similar shell traits. The distinction between species groups sometimes is arbitrary because of intraspecific shell variations. Solem (1955) divided eastern Mexican species into four groups based on penis sheath morphology. Breure & Eskens (1981) examined the anatomy of 49 species from throughout the range of the genus. Their data do not support Solem’s arrangement.

Subgenus Drymaeus Albers, 1850

Thirteen species and twenty subspecies occur in the study area. The following two species groups may be referred to Drymaeus.

Group of Drymaeus josephus

Drymaeus (Drymaeus) expansus balboa Pilsbry, 1926

Drymaeus expansus balboa Pilsbry, 1926; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 78: 82-83; pl. 10, fig. 5-7 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Rio Puerco, Panama Prov., Panama. Holotype ANSP 140691.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PANAMA: known only from the type locality.

Drymaeus (Drymaeus) josephus josephus (Angas, 1878)

Bulimus josephus Angas, 1873; Proc. Zool. Soc. London: 73; pl. 5, figs. 13, 14 (shell). Otostomus josephus (Angas). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 202; pl. 12. Drymaeus josephus (Angas). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 32; pl. 26, figs. 6-13 (shell) — Pilsbry, 1920; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila, 72: 6.

TYPE LOCALITY — San José, Costa Rica.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COSTA RICA, Limon Prov.: Talamanca (Von Martens, 1893); Guapiles (Pilsbry, 1920).

Drymaeus josephus concolor (Von Martens, 1893)

Otostomus josephus var. concolor Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 202; pl. 12, figs. 8-10 (shell) — Von Martens, 1901; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 630 — Köhler, 2007; Mitt. Mus. für Nat. Berlin, Zool., 82:145; fig. 88 (syntype). Drymaeus josephus var. concolor (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 32; pl. 20, figs. 6, 7, 8, 10, 13 (shell). Bulimulus (Leptobrysus) zeledoni Dall, 1893; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.16: 644; pl. 71, fig. 2 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITIES — Otostomus josephus var. concolor: Costa Rica; exact locality not stated. Bulimulus zeledoni: Costa Rica; holotype USNM 98231.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COSTA RICA, Alahuela Prov.: Santa Clara. Cartago Prov.: Turrialba; Tuis. Limon Prov: Puerto Viejo. Heredia Prov.: Rio Sarapiquí; upper Savegal Valley, 1000 m alt. Puntarenas Prov.: nr. Terraba; Quebrada de Tocori, Rio Paqueta Valley; El Pital, Rio Naranjo Valley (all records from Von Martens, 1893, 1901).

Drymaeus (Drymaeus) josephus errans Pilsbry, 1926

Drymaeus (Drymaeus) josephus errans Pilsbry, 1926; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 78: 84; text-fig. 15a (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Mono Creek, Bocas del Torro Prov., Panama. Holotype in the ANSP.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PANAMA, Bocas del Torro Prov.: Senori Creek. Canal Zone: between Tabernilla and San Pablo.

Drymaeus (Drymaeus) josephus maculosus (Von Martens, 1893)

Otostomus josephus var. maculosus Von Martens, 1893; 202; pl. 12, fig. 7 (shell). Drymaeus josephus var. maculosus (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 32; pl. 26, fig. 9 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — On the banks of the Rio Pacuare del Sur; about 500 m alt.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COSTA RICA: known only from the type locality.

Drymaeus (Drymaeus) megastomus Parodiz, 1962

Drymaeus megastomus Parodiz, 1962; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.113: 435-436; pl. 1, fig. 7.

TYPE LOCALITY — Costa Rica. Holotype USNM 98230.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COSTA RICA, no specific locality. PANAMA: Cerro Campaña (Parodiz, 1962).

Drymaeus (Drymaeus) zhorquinensis (Angas, 1879)

Bulimus zhorquinensis Angas, 1879; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 478; pl. 40, fig. 4 (shell). Otostomas zhorquinensis (Angas). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 202. Drymaeus zhorquiensis (Angas). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 31; pl. 26, figs. 14, 15.

TYPE LOCALITY — SE Costa Rica, middle Zhorquin to Caubre, on low hills and flat ground.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COSTA RICA: known only from the type locality.

Group of Drymaeus serperastrus

Drymaeus (Drymaeus) castus castus (Pfeiffer, 1846)

Bulimus castus Pfeiffer, 1846; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 112. Bulimuls (Drymaeus) castus (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 485; pl. 24, figs. 11, 11a-d (shell). Otostomus castus (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 206; pl. 12, figs. 17-19, 21 (shell). Drymaeus castus (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 43-45; pl. 9, figs. 42-51 (shell) — Hinkley, 1920; Nautilus, 34: 50.

TYPE LOCALITY — Not specified.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA, Dept. Alta Verapaz: Cobán; Tamahú (Von Martens, 1893); Chejel (Hinkley, 1950)

Drymaeus (Drymaeus) castus xantholeucus (Von Martens, 1893)

Otostomus castus var. xantholeucus Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 206; pl. 12, figs. 16, 16a (shell) — Köhler, 2007; Mitt. Mus. für Nat. Berlin, Zool., 82: 154; fig. 139 (lectotype). Drymaeus castus var. xantholeucus (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 44; pl. 9, figs. 52, 53 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Sabo [Sabob], Polochic Valley, Dept. Alta Verapaz, Guatemala. Lectotype ZMB 109.941 (Köhler, 2007).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA: known only from the type locality.

Drymaeus (Drymaeus) castus porrectus (Von Martens, 1893)

Otostomus castus var. porrectus Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 206; pl. 12, fig. 20 — Köhler, 2007; Mitt. Mus. für Nat. Berlin, Zool., 82: 153; fig. 132 (lectotype). Drymaeus castus var. porrectus (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 44.

TYPE LOCALITY — Vera Paz, Guatemala. Lectotype ZMB 109.942 (Köhler, 2007).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA, Dept. Alta Verapaz: Cobán or Tamahu (Von Martens, 1893).

Drymaeus (Drymaeus) chiapensis chiapensis (Pfeiffer, 1866)

Bulimus chiapensis Pfeiffer, 1866; Malak. Blätter, 13: 81. Bulimulus (Drymaeus) chiapensis (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 483. Bulimulus chiapensis (Pfeiffer). Strebel, 1882: 70-73; pl. 5, figs. 14a-c; pl. 6, figs 13, 15, 16; pl. 12, figs. 19a-c (shell). Otostomus chiapensis (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 205; pl. 12, fig. 15 (shell). Drymaeus chiapensis (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 42-43; pl. 8, figs. 27, 29-31 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Cumbre de Manzanilla, Chiapas.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — MEXICO: Cuautitlan (Strebel, 1882). VERACRUZ: Cordoba; Cerro de Palmas, nr. Cordoba; Orizaba; Coatepec (Von Martens, 1893).

Drymaeus (Drymaeus) chiapensis quadrifasciatus (Von Martens, 1893)

Otostomus chiapensis var. quatrifasciatus Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 205; pl. 12, fig. 15. Drymaeus chiapensis var. quadrifasciatus (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 42; pl. 8, fig. 32 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Matlaquihahuitl, Veracruz.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — VERACRUZ: Cerro de Plumas, nr. Cordoba (Von Martens, 1893).

Drymaeus (Drymaeus) chiapensis nebulosus (Von Martens, 1893)

Otostomus chiapensis var. nebulosus Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 205-206. Drymaeus chiapensis var. nebulosus (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 43; pl. 8, fig. 33 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Cuautitlan, Mexico (Breure, 1979)

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — MEXICO: Cuautitlan. VERACRUZ: Coatepec; Quimistlan (Von Martens, 1893).

Drymaeus (Drymaeus) colimensis (Rolle, 1895)

Otostomus colimensis Rolle, 1895; Nach. Deut. Malak. Ges., 32: 130 — Von Martens, 1901; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 630; pl. 44, fig. 9 (shell) — Köhler, 2007; Mitt. Mus. für Nat. Berlin, Zool., 82: 144; fig. 86 (lectotype). Drymaeus colimensis (Rolle). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 47 — Solem, 1959; Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., (611): 9; pl. 1, fig. 16 — Solem, 1959; Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., (611): 8; pl. 1, fig. 16.

TYPE LOCALITY — Colima. Lectotype ZMB 47.660a (Köhler, 2007).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COLIMA: no specific locality known.

Drymaeus (Drymaeus) dombeyanus (Ferussác, 1842)

Bulimus dombeyanus Ferussác, 1842, in Pfeiffer, Symb. Hist. Helic., II: 76. Bulimulus (Scutalus) dombyanus (Ferussac). Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 515 — Strebel, 1882: 74; pl. 7, fig. 3a, 3b (shell). Drymaeus dombyanus (Ferussác). Pilsbry, 1899; Man, Conch., 12: 33; pl. 6, figs. 1-5 (shell) — Pilsbry, 1920; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 71: 218 — Solem, 1957 Notulae Naturae, (298): 11-12. Bulimus alcantarae Bernardi, 1853; Jour. de Conchyl, 4: 35; pl. 3, fig. 1. Bulimulus chaperi Crosse & Fischer, 1893; Jour. de Conchyl, 41: 31; pl. 1, figs. 1, 2 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITIES — Bulinus dombeyanus: not stated. Bulimus alcantarae: not stated. Bulimulus chaperi: Mescala Island, Lake Chapala, Jalisco.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: Laguna Coyuca, nr. Acapulco. JALISCO: Presidea Island, Lago de Chapala; Guadalajara. MICHOACÁN: E side of Cerro de Guzman, Coalcomán, 3200 ft. alt.; W side of Cerro Guzman, Coalcomán, 3500 ft. alt.; Sierra de Coalcomán, 3500-4500 ft. alt.; San José de Purua (Solem, 1957); Venta de Zopilote (Pilsbry, 1899).

Drymaeus (Drymaeus) dunkeri dunkeri (Pfeiffer, 1846)

Bulimus dunkeri Pfeiffer, 1846, in Philippi; Abbild. neuer conch., 2: 12; pl. 4, fig. 10. Bulimulus (Scutalus) dunkeri (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 511 — Strebel, 1882: 76. Otostomus dunkeri (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 207-208; pl. 13, fig. 1 (shell). Drymaeus dunkeri (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 45-46; pl. 10, figs. 54-55; pl. 15, fig. 31 (shell) — Solem, 1857; Notulae Naturae, (298): 13. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) dunkeri (Pfeiffer). Breure & Eskens, 1981; Zool. Verh. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden, (216): 20; pl. 6, fig. 2 (lectotype).

TYPE LOCALITY — Michoacán, Mexico. Lectotype BMNH 1975512 (Breure & Eskens, 1981).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — MICHOACÁN: Patzcuaro; Tzintzuntzan; Morelia; Uruapan; 2 mi. S of Los Reyes (Solem, 1957). NAYARIT: Tepíc (Pilsbry, 1899).

Drymnaeus (Drymaeus) dunkeri forreri (Mousson, 1883)

Bulimulus forreri Mousson, 1883; Jour. de Conchyl., 31: 217; pl. 9, fig. 2 (shell). Otostomus dunkeri var. forreri (Mousson). Von Martens, 1893; 207; pl. 13, figs. 2, 2a (shell). Drymaeus dunkeri var. forreri (Mousson). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: pl. 10, figs. 56-58 (shell). .

TYPE LOCALITY — Ventanas, Durango.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — CHIHUAHUA: no specific locality (Von Martens, 1893). DURANGO: type locality.

Drymaeus (Drymaeus) fenestratus (Pfeiffer, 1846)

Bulimus fenestratus Pfeiffer, 1846; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 26. Bulimulus (Scutalus) fenestratus (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 528. Otostomus fenestratus (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 200; pl. 12. figs. 1-1b (shell). Drymaeus fenestratus (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 34-35; pl. 7, figs. 11-14 — Solem, 1857; Notulae Naturae, (298): 12. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) fenestratus (Pfeiffer). Breure & Eskens, 1981; Zool. Verh. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden, (216): 22-25; text-figs. 67-76 (reproductive anatomy); pl. 2, fig. 6 (radula); pl. 5, fig. 2 (lectotype shell). Bulimulus (Otostomus) piescheli Von Martens, 1863; in Monatsber. Akad. Wiss. Berl., 26: 541 — Köhler, 2007; Mitt. Mus. für Nat. Berlin, Zool., 82: 152-153; fig. 131 (lectotype).

TYPE LOCALITIES — Bulimus fenestratus: Mexico. Lectotype BMNH 1975525 (Breure & Eskens, 1981). Bulimulus piescheli: Manzanilla, Colima. Bulimulus piescheli: Manzanillo, Colima; lectotype ZMB 4.581 (Köhler, 2007).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COLIMA: Manzanillo (Solem, 1957). JALISCO: NW slope of Nevada de Colima, 7500 ft. alt. (Solem, 1957); 9.1 mi. SE of San Vicente (Breure & Eskens, 1981). MICHOACÁN: Sierra de Coalcomán, between Pomare and Maruato; Rancho Quemado, 5600 ft. alt.; between Tecatas and Las Higueritas, 5300 ft.; Barranca de Herradero, S of San Pedro Damian, 1500 ft. alt.; above San José de los Montañas, 4700 ft. alt.; Cerro Barolosa, N of Coalcomán, 7600-9000 ft. alt. (Solem, 1959); 4 mi. S of Capacuano (Breure & Eskens, 1981).

Drymaeus (Drymaeus) lattrei lattrei (Pfeiffer, 1846)

Bulimus lattrei Pheiffer, 1846: 112; pl. 4, fig. 11 (shell). Bulimulus delattrei (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1785: 481; pl. 20, fig. 3 (animal), fig. 4 (shell); pl. 22, figs. 1-11 (anatomy). (Name amended). Otostomus delattrei (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 204; pl. 12, figs. 11-14 (shell). Drymaeus lattrei (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 41-42 (shell) — van der Schalie, 1940: 4. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) lattrei (Pfeiffer). Breure & Eskens, 1981; Zool. Verh. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden, (216): 28. Bulimus facillatus Reeve, 1848: pl. 36, fig. 211.

TYPE LOCALITY — Vera Cruz, Mexico. Lectotype BMNH 1975555 (Breure & Eskens, 1981). The type locality was corrected to Vera Paz, Guatemala, by Pilsbry (1899:42).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA, Dept. Alta Verapaz: Cobán; trail to Cobán ca. 3 km E of Samac (van der Schalie, 1940). Dept. Baja Verapaz: San Geronimo (Von Martens, 1893).

Drymaeus (Drymaeus) lattrei hiabundus (Von Martens, 1893)

Otostomus delattrei var. hiabundus Von Martens, 1893; 205; pl. 12; fig. 13 — Köhler, 2007; Mitt. Mus. für Nat. Berlin, Zool., 82: 146; fig. 94 (lectotype). Drymaeus lattrei var hiabundus (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 92; pl. 8, fig. 17-19 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Cerro Zunil, [Dept. Quetzaltenango], Guatemala. Lectotype ZMB 101.812a (Köhler, 2007).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA: known only from the type locality.

Drymaeus (Drymaeus) lilacinus lilacinus (Reeve, 1949)

Bulimus lilacinus Reeve, 1849; Conchologica Icanica, V: pl. 74, fig. 532. Bulimulus lilacinus (Reeve). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 478; pl. 20, figs. 1, 2 (shell). Otostomus lilacinus (Reeve). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 201; pl. 12, figs. 3-6 (shell). Drymaeus lilacinus (Reeve). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 35-36; pl. 26, figs. 1-5 (shell) — Haas, 1949; Nautilus, 62: 138. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) lilacinus (Reeve). Breure & Eskens, 1981; Zool. Verh. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden, (216): 28. Bulimus patricius Reeve, 1849: pl. 81, fig. 600.

TYPE LOCALITIES — Bulimus lilacinus: not given. Bulimus patricius: not given; lectotype BMNH 1874.12.11.220 (Breure & Eskens, 1982).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA, Dept. Sololá: San Agustin (Von Martens, 1893). Dept. Esquintla: Zapote (Haas, 1949).

Drymaeus (Drymaeus) lilacinus crossei (Von Martens, 1893)

Otostomus lilacinus var. crossei Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 201. Drymaeus lilacinus var. crossei (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 37; pl. 7, fig. 5, 6 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Alta Vera Paz, Guatemala.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA: known only from the type locality.

Drymaeus (Drymaeus) lilacinus ictericus (Von Martens, 1893)

Otostomus lilacinus var. ictericus Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 202; pl. 12, fig. 5 (shell) — Köhler, 2007; Mitt. Mus. für Nat. Berlin, Zool., 82: 146 (syntype). (Not Ototostomus depictus var. ictericus Martens, 1873, a Venezuela shell.) Drymaeus lilacinus var. ictericus (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 37; pl. 7, fig. 10 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Cerro Zunil, [Dept. Quetzaltenango], Guatemala. Syntype ZMB 109.937 (146).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA: known only from the type locality.

Drymaeus (Drymaeus) lilacinus jansoni (Von Martens, 1893)

Otostomus lilacinus var. jansoni Von Martens, 1893; 201; pl. 12, figs. 3-3b. Drymaeus lilacinus var. jansoni (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 37; pl. 1, figs. 7-9 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Nicaragua; lectotype BMNH 1901.6.22.951 (Breure & Eskens, 1981).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — NICARAGUA: not known from a specific locality.

Drymaeus (Drymaeus) lilacinus undulosus (Von Martens, 1893)

Otostomus lilacinus var. undulosus Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 201; pl. 12, fig. 4 (shell) — Köhler, 2007; Mitt. Mus. für Nat. Berlin, Zool., 82: 148; fig. 110 (lectotype). Drymaeus lilacinus var. undulosus (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 36; pl. 7, fig. 4 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Hacienda de Las Nubes, Cerro Zunil, [Dept. Quetzaltenango], Guatemala; 4000 ft. alt. Lectotype ZMB 109.940a (Köhler, 2007). DISTRIBUTION RECORDS. GUATEMALA: known only from the type locality.

Drymaeus (Drymaeus) lilacinus unicolor (Von Martens, 1893).

Otostomus lilacinus var. unicolor Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 201; pl. 12, fig. 6 (shell) — Köhler, 2007; Mitt. Mus. für Nat. Berlin, Zool., 82: 153, fig. 110 (lectotype). Drymaeus lilacinus var. unicolor (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 37.

TYPE LOCALITY — Cerro Zunil, Dept. Quetzaltemnango, Guatemala. Lectotype ZMB 109.919 (Köhler, 2007).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA, Dept. Huehuetenango: Cholhuitz; Dept. Quetzaltenango: Cerro Zunil, 4000 ft. alt.; El Esposo, 1000 ft. alt. Dept. Sacatepeqeuez: mountain crest between Antigua and Escuintla; Hacienda Buenavista and Hacienda Helvitia (Von Martens, 1893).

Drymaeus (Drymaeus) serperastrus (Say, 1829)

Bulimus serperastrus Say, 1829; New Harmony Disseminator, Jan. 1: 25. Bulimulus serperastrus (Say). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 488; pl. 24, fig. 4 — Strebel, 1882: 83; pl. 6, fig. 12 (shell). Otostomus serperastrus (Say). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 202-204. Drymaeus serperastrus (Say). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 37-39; pl. 9, figs. 34-41 (shell) — Bequaert & Clench, 1933; Pub. Carnegie Inst. Wash., (431): 532 — Bequaert & Clench, 1938; Pub. Canegie Inst. Wash., (491): 253 — Harry, 1950; Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., (524): 12 — Solem, 1955; Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., (566): 15-16; pl. 1, fig. 8; pl. 2, figs. 1, 10 (radula); pl. 3, fig. 2 (jaw); pl. 4, fig. 6 (reproductive anatomy) — Branson & McCoy, 1963; Nautilus, 76: 106 — Thompson, 1967; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 11: 249 — Breure & Eskens, 1981; Zool. Verh. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden, (216): 87-88; text-figs. 297-298 (reproductive anatomy). Bulimus liebmanni Pfeiffer, 1846; Zeitshrift für Malak.: 159. Bulimus paivanus Pfeiffer, 1866; Malak. Blätter, 13; 81.

TYPE LOCALITIES — Bulimus serperastrus: On the road between Vera Cruz and Mexico City; holotype ANSP 25909 (H. B. Baker, 1963: 230). Bulimus liebmanni: Mexico. Bulimus paivanus: Veracruz.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — CAMPECHE: 7.1 mi. SW of Cd. Campeche (Thompson, 1967). QUINTANA ROO: Cozumel Island, 3 km S of San Miguel (Branson & McCoy, 1963). SINALOA: 22 mi. NNW of Mazatlán (Breure & Eskens, 1981). YUCATAN: Chichén Itza; Progreso (Bequaert & Clench, 1933); Ebitz Cave, Oxkutzcab (Bequaert & Clench, 1938); San Ignacio (Solem, 1955a); 1.5 mi. S of Libre Union; Piste (Branson & McCoy, 1963). VERACRUZ: Jalapa; Almolonga; Cordoba; Veracruz (Von Martens, 1893); Tierra Colorado, between Jalapa and Veracruz; Paso de San Juan and Loma de Piedra on the Rio Jamapa; between Paso de Ovejas and Mirador; Bobo (Pilsbry, 1899). Reported from HIDALGO, and TAMAULIPAS, but without specific localities (Pilsbry, 1899).

Drymaeus (Drymaeus) ziegleri (Pfeiffer, 1846)

Bulimulus zieglei Pfeiffer, 1846; PS: 113 — Binney, 1869: 133; text-fig. 336. Drymaeus ziegleri (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 39-41; pl. 40, figs. 4-6 (shell). Bulimus californicus Reeve, 1848: pl. 5, fig. 378.

TYPE LOCALITY — Not stated.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SINALOA: Mazatlán; Altata (Pilsbry, 1899).

Subgenus Mesembrinus Albers

TAXONOMY — Fifty-two species and thirty subspecies occur in the study area. The following species groups are referred to Mesembrinus.

Group of Drymaeus sulcosus

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) aurifluus (Pfeiffer, 1856)

Bulimus aurifluus Pfeiffer, 1857: 319; pl. 35, fig. 10 (shell). Bulimulus aurifluus (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 499; pl. 20, figs. 21, 22 (shell) — Strebel, 1882: 79. Otostomus aurifluus (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 213. Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) aurifluus (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch, 12: 55; pl. 1, figs. 86-87 (shell) — Solem, 1955; Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., (566): 17-18; pl. 1, fig. 4 (shell); pl. 2, fig. 5 (radula); pl. 3, fig. 7 (jaw); pl. 4, fig. 3 (reproductive anatomy) — Breure & Eskens, 1982: 53; text-fig. 187 (reproductive anatomy).

TYPE LOCALITY — Cordoba, Veracruz.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — OAXACA: Juquila; Yalalag. VERACRUZ: Cordoba; Jalapa, Mirsdor; Tuxpan (Von Martens, 1893); Sumidero (Solem, 1955a); 4.7 mi. S of Huatusco (Breure & Eskens, 1982).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) botterii (Crosse & Fischer, 1875)

Bulimulus (Drymaeus) botterii Crosse & Fischer, 1875; Jour. de Conchyl., 23: 52 — Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 487; pl. 24, figs. 10, 10a (shell) — Strebel, 1882: 63. Otostomus sulcosus var. botterii (Crosse & Fischer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 208. Drymaeus botterii (Crosse & Fischer). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 47-48; pl. 15, figs. 34, 35.

TYPE LOCALITY — Near Orizaba, Veracruz.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — VERACRUZ: known only from the type locality.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) cucullus (Morelet, 1851)

Bulimus cucullus Morelet, 1849; Test Noviss., I: 9. Bulimulus (Scutalus) cucullus (Morelet). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 519; pl. 20, fig. 11 (shell). Otostomus cucullus (Morelet). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 214. Drymaeus cucullus (Morelet). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 58; pl. 1, figs. 88, 89. Bulimulus (Scutalus) cucullus var. gracilior Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 519; pl. 20, fig. 12.

TYPE LOCALITY — Sisal, Yucatan.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — YUCATAN: known only from the type locality.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) ghiesbreghti ghiesbreghti (Pfeiffer, 1866)

Bulimus ghiesbreghti Pfeiffer, 1866; Malak. Blätt., 82. Bulimulus (Scutalus) ghiesbreghti (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 522; pl. 23, fig. 4 (shell) — Strebel, 1882: 60; pl. 6, fig. 14 (shell). Otostomus ghiesbreghti (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 209-210; pl. 13, fig. 9 (shell). Drymaeus ghiesbreghti (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 50-52; pl. 15, figs. 32, 33; pl. 1, figs. 79, 80 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Chiapas.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — OAXACA: Tlacolula (Von Martens, 1893).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) ghiesbreghti interstitialis (Von Martens, 1893)

Otostomus ghiesbreghti var. interstitialis Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 210; pl. 13, fig. 9 (shell) — Köhler, 2007; Mitt. Mus. für Nat. Berlin, Zool., 82: 151, fig. 120 (lectotype). Drymaeus ghiesbreghti var. interstitialis (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 51; pl. 1, fig. 75 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Cumbres de San Martin, on the NW slope of the Cordillera, Guatemala; lectotype ZMB 112.876 (Köhler, 2007).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA: known only from the type locality.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) ghiesbreghti iodostylus (Pfeiffer, 1861)

Bulimulus iodostylus Pfeiffer, 1861; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 23 Bulimulus (Scutalus) iodostylus (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 539. Bulimulus iodostylus (Pfeiffer). Strebel, 1882: 70; pl. 12, figs. 8a, 8b (shell). Otostomus ghiesbreghti var. iodostylus (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 210 — Rolle, 1895: 130. Drymaeus ghiesbreghti var. iodostylus (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 51-52; pl. 1, figs. 79, 80 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Santa Efigenia, Isthmus of Tehuantepec, Oaxaca.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COLIMA: Colima (Rolle, 1895). OAXACA: known only from the type locality.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) ghiesbreghti stolli (Von Martens, 1887)

Bulimulus jonasi var. stolli Von Martens, 1887; Sitz —Ber Ges. Naturf. Freude Berlin, 1886: 161. Otostomus ghiesbreghti var. stolli Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 210; pl. 13, figs. 5-8, 10 (shell). Drymaeus ghiesbreghti var. stolli (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 51; pl. 1, figs. 72, 73, 76-78 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Llanos of Quetzaltenango, Dept. Quetzaltenango, Guatemala; 6000-8000 ft. alt.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA, Dept. Chilpancingo: Tecpam, 7000 ft. alt. Dept. Huehuetenango: Hacienda Nubes, slopes of Cerro Zunil. Dept. Sapatapequez: Antigua. Dept. Sololá: Argueta; Los Encuentros, 8000 ft. alt. (Von Martens, 1893).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) hegewischi (Pfeiffer, 1842)

Bulimus hegewischi Pfeiffer, 1842; Symbolae ad historiam heliceorum, 2: 46. Bulimulus (Scutalus) hegewischi (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 526; pl. 23, figs. 10, 10a (shell). Bulimulus hegewischi (Pfeiffer). Strebel, 1882: 66; pl. 6, fig. 10 (shell). Otostomus hegewischi (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 211; pl. 13, fig. 14. Drymaeus hegewischi (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 52-54; pl. 1, figs. 81-84 (shell) — Pilsbry, 1920: 192 — Pilsbry, 1926; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 77: text-fig. 4 (shell). Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) hegewischi (Pfeiffer). Breure & Eskens, 1982: 71-73; text-figs. 225-232 (reproductive anatomy), pl. 4, fig. 5 (radula).

TYPE LOCALITY — Not stated.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: Omilteme. JALISCO: Lake Chapala (Pilsbry, 1920). MEXICO: environs of Cd. Mexico; Toluca. MORELOS: Cuernavaca. OAXACA: Tenango. PUEBLA: Puebla; Tehuacán (all above records from Von Martens, 1893); NE of Chietla (Breure & Eskens, 1982). QUERÉTARO: Querétaro (Pilsbry, 1926). VERACRUZ: Orizaba.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) jonasi (Pfeiffer, 1846)

Bulimus jonasi Pfeiffer, 1846, in Philippi, Abbild. neuer Conchyl., 2: 125; pl. 5, fig. 4 (shell). Bulimulus (Scutalus) jonasi (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 525; pl. 23, figs 7, 7a (shell). Otostomus jonasi (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 212-213; pl. 13, figs. 11-13 (shell). Drymaeus jonasi (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 54-55; pl. 10, figs. 64, 68-71 (shell) — Hinkley, 1920; Nautilus, 34: 38 — Haas, 1949; Nautilus, 62: 136, 13.

TYPE LOCALITY — “America Centralis, Vera Cruz” (Breure, 1979). This is in error for Vera Paz, Guatemala (see Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 212). Three syntype BMNH 1975557.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA, Dept. Alta Verapaz: Cobán. Dept. Chimaltenango: Yepocapa (Haas, 1949). Dept. Guatemala: Amatitlan (Von Martens, 1893); Guatemala (Hinkley, 1920; Haas, 1949). Dept. Sacatepequez: Antigua; Dueñas (Von Martens, 1893); Finca San Rafael (Haas, 1949).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) lineolatus (Conrad, 1855)

Bulimulus lineolatus Conrad, 1855; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 7: 32. Otosomus recluzianus var. lineolatus (Conrad). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 214. Drymaeus lineolatus (Conrad). Pilsbry, 1899: 57; pl. 1, figs. 90, 90 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Volcán de Cartago, Cartago Prov., Costa Rica.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COSTA RICA, Cartago Prov.: Azahar de Cartago, 1600 m alt. San Jose Prov.: San Jose, 1161 m alt.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) lirinus (Morelet, 1851)

Bulimus lirinus Morelet, 1851; Test. Noviss., II: 11. Bulimulus (Drymaeus) lirinus (Morelet). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 494; pl. 20, fig. 10 (shell). Otostomus lirinus (Morelet). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 214. Drymaeus lirinus (Morelet). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 57-58; pl. 1, fig. 96 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — San Luis de Petén, Dept. Petén, Guatemala. Syntypes BMNH 1893.2.4.1954. (Breure, 1979).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA: known only from the type locality.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) recluzianus recluzianus (Pfeiffer, 1847)

Bulimus recluzianus Pfeiffer, 1847; Zeit. Malak.: 82. Bulimulus (Scutalus) recluzianus (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 510. Bulimulus recluzianus (Pfeiffer). Strebel, 1882: 68; pl. 6, fig. 8 (shell). Otostomus recluzianus (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 213-214.

TYPE LOCALITY — Chiapas.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — CHIAPAS: not known from a specific locality.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) recluzianus martensianus Pilsbry, 1899

Otostonus recluzianus var. lineolatus Conrad. Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 214. Drymaeus recluzianus var. martensianus Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 56. Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) recluzianus martensianus Pilsbry. Breure & Eskens, 1981; Zool. Verh. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden, (216): 83; text-figs. 267-268 (reproductive anatomy).

TYPE LOCALITY — Not stated.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COSTA RICA, San José Prov.: San José; San Francisco de Dos Rios; La Union, 1100 m alt. (Von Martens, 1893).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) rudis (Anton, 1839)

Bulimus rudis Anton, 1839; Verz. Der. Conch. Sammlungen: 43. Bulimulus (Scutalus) rudis (Anton). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 523; pl. 22, figs. 7-11 (anatomy); pl. 23, figs. 6, 6a (shell). Bulimulus rudis (Anton). Strebel, 1882: 63; pl. 5, fig. 3; pl. 5, fig. 9 (shell). Otostomus rudis (Anton). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 209. Drymaeus rudis (Anton). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 49-50; pl. 15, figs. 43-46; pl. 10, figs. 65-67 (shell) — Solem, 1955; Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., (566): 16; pl. 1, fig. 5 (shell); pl. 2, fig. 11 (radula); pl. 4, fig. 7 (reproductive anatomy). Drymaeus (Drymaeus) rudis (Anton). Breure & Eskens, 1981; Zool. Verh. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden, (216): 36-37; text-figs. 112-113 (reproductive anatomy).

TYPE LOCALITY — Not stated.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — MEXICO: environs of Cd. Mexico; Chapultepec (Von Martens, 1893). MICHOACÁN: Angangüeo (Von Martens, 1893). OAXACA: Oaxaca (Breure & Eskens, 1981). MEXICO, D. F.: Chapultepec Park (Solem, 1955a).

Group of Drymaeus attenuatus

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) attenuatus attenuatus (Pfeiffer, 1851)

Bulimus attenuatus Pfeiffer, 1861; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 258. Bulimulus (Drymaeus) attenuatus (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 491; pl. 23, figs. 1, 1a (shell). Bulimulus attenuatus (Pfeiffer). Strebel, 1882: 79-81; pl. 5, figs. 7, 7a, 8a, 8b, 8c (shell); pl. 13, fig. 13 (jaw). Otostomus attenuatus (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 215-216; pl. 13, figs. 15-15b (shell). Drymaeus attenuatus (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: pl. 2, figs. 6-8, 12-14 (shell) — Solem, 1955; Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., (566): 11-12; pl. 1, fig. 7 (shell); pl. 2, fig. 2 (radula); pl. 3, fig. 4 (jaw) — Breure & Eskens, 1981; Zool. Verh. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden, (216): 6-8; figs. 3-6 (reproductive anatomy}. Bulimus kefersteini Pfeiffer, 1866: 82. Otostomus attenuatus var. concolor Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 215; pl. 13, figs. 16-16b (shell) — Köhler, 2007; Mitt. Mus. für Nat. Berlin, Zool., 82: 145; fig. 88 syntype).

TYPE LOCALITIES — Bulimus attenuatus: Vera Cruz, Mexico. Lectotype BMNH 1975458 (Breure & Eskens, 1981). Otostomus attenuatus var. concolor: Veracruz; syntypes ZMB.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COSTA RICA, Cartago Prov.: Cartago (Breure & Eskens, 1981). VERACRUZ: Cordoba; Orizaba, Atoyac; Mirador (Von Martens, 1893); Sumidero (Solem, 1955a).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) attenuatus pittieri (Von Martens, 1893)

Otostomus attenuatus var. pittieri Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 216 — Von Martens, 1901; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 631 — Köhler, 2007; Mitt. Mus. für Nat. Berlin, Zool., 82: 147; fig. 105 (lectotype). Drymaeus attenuatus var. pittieri (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch, 12: 64; pl. 2, fig. 15 (shell). Drymaeus attenuatus pittieri (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1920c; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 72: 5-6.

TYPE LOCALITY — Alto de Mano Tigre, near Terraba, Puntarenus Prov., Costa Rica; 600 m alt. Lectotype ZMB 48.234 (Köhler, 2007).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COSTA RICA, Cartago Prov.: road from Juan Viñas to Rio Reventazón, 3000 ft. alt. (Pilsbry, 1920). San José Prov: Dota (Von Martens, 1893).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) attenuatus varicosus (Pfeiffer, 1851)

Bulimus varicosus Pfeiffer, 1851; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 256. Otostomus attenuatus var. varicosus (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 216; pl. 13, figs. 16, 16a, 16b (shell). Drymaeus attenuatus var. varicosus (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 61; pl. 15, figs. 36, 37; pl. 2, figs. 9-11 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — “Vera Cruz”.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COSTA RICA, San Jose Prov.: San Jose (Von Martens, 1901). VERACRUZ: Cordoba; Orizaba; Atoyac; Mirador (Von Martens, 1893).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) bugabensis (Von Martens, 1893)

Otostomus bugabensis Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 218; pl. 13, figs. 21, 21a (shell). Drymaeus bugabensis (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 64-65; pl. 3, figs. 34, 35 (shell) — Pilsbry, 1926; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 78: 86; text-figs. 17a. Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) bugabensis (Von Martens). Breure & Eskens, 1982: 54; text-fig. 4 (lectotype).

TYPE LOCALITY — Bugaba, Chiriqui Prov., Panama. Lectotype BMNH 1901.6.22.958 (Breure & Eskens, 1982).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PANAMA: known only from the type locality.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) chiriquiensis DaCosta, 1901

Drymaeus chiriquiensis DaCosta, 1901; Proc. Malac. Soc. London, 4: 238; pl. 24, fig. 1 (shell) — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., (2), 14: 162; pl. 48, fig. 47 (shell) — Pilsbry, 1926; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 78: 86; text-fig. 17b (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Boquete, Chiriqui Prov., Panama.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PANAMA: known only from the type locality.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) costaricensis (Pfeiffer, 1862)

Bulimus costaricensis Pfeiffer, 1862; Malak. Blätt., 9: 152. Otostomus costarricensis (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 217-218. Drymaeus costaricensis (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 63-64; pl. 2, figs. 19-22 (shell) — Pilsbry, 1920c; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 72: 5. Drymaeus (Drymaeus) costaricensis (Pfeiffer). Breure & Eskens, 1981; Zool. Verh. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden, (216): 17; figs. 34-47 (reproductive anatomy). Bulimus navarrensis Angas, 1875; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 73; pl. 5, figs. 15, 16 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Costa Rica.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COSTA RICA, Alahuela Prov.: Alahuela, 900-1000 m alt. Cartago Prov.: Cartago to Navarro (Von Martens, 1893); Juan Viñas; on road to Reventazón (Pilsbry, 1920). San José Prov.: San José; San Francisco de Dos Rios NICARAGUA. Dept. Matagalpa: 1.5 mi. E of Matagalpa, 2700 ft. alt. (Breure & Eskens, 1981).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) droueti droueti (Pfeiffer, 1856)

Bulimus droueti Pfeiffer, 1856: Proc. Zool. Soc.: 319; pl. 35, fig. 12. Bulimulus droueti (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 533; pl. 23, figs. 9. 9a (shell) — Strebel, 1882: 77; pl. 6, fig. 6; pl. 12, fig. 7b (shell). Otostomus droueti (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 218. Drymaeus droueti(Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 65-67; pl. 3, figs. 36, 38, 43 (shell) — Solem, 1955; Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., (566): 12-13; pl. 1, figs. 11, 13, 14 (shell); pl. 2, fig. 4 (radula) pl. 3, fig. 6 (jaw); pl. 4, fig. 4 (reproductive anatomy). Drymaeus bourgeoisae Rehder, 1943: 28; pl. 6, fig. 10 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITIES — Bulimus droueti: Cordoba, Veracruz. Drymaeus bourgeoisae: near Paraje Nuevo, near Cordoba, Veracruz; holotype USNM 517550.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — VERACRUZ: Atoyac; Cordoba; Coatepec; Chirimoyo; San José Miahuatlan; Jalapa; Mirador; Orizaba; Tuxpan (Pilsbry, 1899); Potrero to Sumidero (Solem, 1955a).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) droueti deletus Solem, 1955

Drymaeus droueti deletus Solem, 1955; Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., (566): 13-14; pl. 1, fig. 12 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Sumidero, Veracruz. Holotype UMMZ 181389.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — VERACRUZ: known only from the type locality.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) droueti sporlederi (Pfeiffer, 1866)

Bulimus sporlederi Pfeiffer, 1866; Makakozoologische Blätter, 13: 83. Bulimulus sporlederi (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 535; pl. 21, figs. 5, 5a (shell) — Strebel, 1882: 78; pl. 12, figs. 7a, 7c; pl. 13, fig. 10; pl. 14, figs. 18a, 18c (shell). Drymaeus droueti sporlederi (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 66; pl. 3, figs. 40-42 (shell) — Solem, 1955; Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., (566): 14; pl. 1, fig. 10 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Mirador, near Veracruz, Veracruz.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — VERACRUZ: Penuela to Sumidero (Solem, 1955a).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) fenestrellus (Von Martens, 1863)

Bulimulus (Scutalus) fenestrellus Von Martens, 1863; 541 — Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 529 — Köhler, 2007; Mitt. Mus. für Nat. Berlin, Zool., 82: 145; fig. 90 (lectotype). Bulimulus fenestrellus (Von Martens). Strebel, 1882; 64; pl. 5, fig. 10b (shell); pl. 13, fig. 5 (radula); pl. 14, figs. 6a, 6b (reproductive anatomy). Otostomus fenestrellus (Von Martens). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 214-215. Drymaeus fenestrellus (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 58-60; pl. 2, figs. 1-5 (shell). Drymaeus (Drymaeus) fenestrellus (Von Martens). Breure & Eskens, 1981; Zool. Verh. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden, (216): 26; text-figs. 56-57 (reproductive anatomy). Bulimus gealei H. Adams, 1867; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 309; pl. 19, fig. 21. Otostomus fenestrellus var. subunicolor Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 215.

TYPE LOCALITY — Bulimulus (Scutalus) fenestrellus: Patzcuaro, Michoacán; lectotype ZMB 4.457a (Köhler, 2007; Mitt. Mus. für Nat. Berlin, Zool., 82: 145). Ototstomus fenestrellus var. subunicolor: Puebla; lectotype ZMB 18.767a (Köhler, 2007).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — MICHOACÁN: nr. El Tigre (Breure & Eskens, 1981). PUEBLA: Matamoros Izucar; Puebla (Von Martens, 1893).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) hepatostomus (Pfeiffer, 1861)

Bulimus hepatostomus Pfeiffer, 1861; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 23; pl. 3, fig. 4 (shell). Bulimulus (Drymaeus) hepatostomus (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 493; pl. 21, figs. 2, 2a (shell). Otostomus hepatostomus (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 217; pl. 13, figs. 18-20 (shell). Drymaeus hepatostomus (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 62-63; pl. 2, figs. 23-27 (shell). Drymaeus (Drymaeus) hepatostomus (Pfeiffer). Breure & Eskens, 1981; Zool. Verh. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden, (216): 28; pl. 8, fig. 10 (lectotype).

TYPE LOCALITY — Tepenistlahuaca, Oaxaca. Lectotype BMNH 1975571 (Breure & Eskens, 1981).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — OAXACA: Juquila (Von Martens, 1893).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) inglorius inglorius (Reeve, 1848)

Bulimus inglorius Reeve, 1848; Conchologica Iconica, 5: pl. 55, fig. 368 (shell). Otostomus inglorius (Reeve). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 219. Drymaeus inglorius (Reeve). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 67-68; pl. 3, 43 (shell). Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) inglorius (Reeve). Breure & Eskens, 1981; Zool. Verh. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden, (216): 73-74; figs. 233-234 (reproductive anatomy).

TYPE LOCALITY — Juquila, Oaxaca. Lectotype BMNH 1975536 (Breure & Eskens, 1981).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — OAXACA: Oaxaca (Breure & Eskens, 1981)

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) inglorius heynemanni (Pfeiffer, 1866)

Bulinus heynemanni Pfeiffer, 1866; Malak. Blätter, 13: 89. Bulimulus (Scutalis) heynemanni (Reeve). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 527. Bulimulus heynemanni (Reeve). Strebel, 1882: 68; pl. 6, fig. 7. Otostomus inglorius var. heynemanni (Reeve). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 220. Drymaeus inglorius heynemanni (Reeve). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 68; pl. 3, figs. 44, 45, 47-52 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Orizaba, Veracruz.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — OAXACA: Cerro San Antonio de la Cal; Tlacolula. PUEBLA: Tecomavaca, SE of Tehuacán (Von Martens, 1893). VERACRUZ: type locality.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) necaxanus Solem, 1955

Drymaeus necaxanus Solem, 1955; Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., (566): 14-15; pl. 1, fig. 9 (shell); pl. 2, fig. 6 (radula); pl. 5, fig. 5 (jaw); pl. 4, fig. 5 (reproductive system).

TYPE LOCALITY — Pine slope near Salto Grande, Necaxa, Puebla. Holotype UMMZ 181377.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PUEBLA: known only from the type locality.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) pluvialis (Pfeiffer, 1862)

Bulimus pluvialis Peiffer, 1862; Malak. Blätt., 9: 153. Otostomus pluvialis (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 218. Drymaeus pluvialis (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch, 12: 64; pl. 3, figs. 28, 29 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Costa Rica.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COSTA RICA: not known from a specific locality.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) rFLMNHescens pinchoti Pilsbry, 1930

Drymaeus rFLMNHescens pinchoti Pilsbry, 1930; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 82: 252-255; text-figs. 10a (reproductive anatomy), 10b, 10c (jaw and radula); pl. 18, fig. 13-24 (shells). Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) rFLMNHescens pinchoti Pilsbry. Breure & Eskens, 1981; Zool. Verh. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden, (216): 83-84; text-figs. 269-277; pl. 1, fig. 2. (reproductive anatomy).

TYPE LOCALITY — COLOMBIA, Old Providence Island: about half a mile inland from South Bay. Holotype ANSP 150852.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COLOMBIA: known only from Old Providence Island.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) sargi sargi (Crosse & Fischer, 1875)

Bulimulus sargi Crosse & Fischer, 1875; Jour. de Conchyl., 23: 52. Bulimulus (Scutalus) sargi Crosse & Fischer. Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 534; pl. 24, figs. 6, 6a (shell). Otostomus sargi (Crosse & Fischer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 218. Drymaeus sargi (Crosse & Fischer). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 65; pl. 3, figs. 30, 31 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Tamahú, Dept. Alta Verapaz, Guatemala.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA: known only from the type locality.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) sargi motaguae (Von Martens, 1893)

Otostomus sargi var. motaguae Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 218; pl. 14, figs. 2, 2a (shell). Otostomus sargi ar. montagua Breure, 1979 — Köhler, 2007; Mitt. Mus. für Nat. Berlin, Zool., 82: 152; fig. 126 (lectotype). Drymaeus sargi var. motaguae (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 65; pl. 3, figs. 32, 33 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Rio Motagua Valley, Dept. Baja Verapaz, Guatemala. Lectotype ZMB 112.877a (Köhler, 2007).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA: known only from the type locality.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) sulcosus (Pfeiffer, 1841)

Bulimus sulcosus Pfeiffer, 1841, Symbolae Hist. Heliciorum, 1: 43. Bulimulus sulcosus (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 523; pl. 23, figs. 6, 6a (shell); pl. 22, figs. 7-11 (anatomy) — Strebel, 1882: 63; pl. 5, fig. 3; pl. 6, fig. 9; pl. 11, figs. 12-15 (shell). Otostomus sulcosus (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 208; pl. 13. figs. 3, 3a, 4 (shell). Drymaeus (Drymaeus) sulcosus (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch, 12: 48-49; pl. 10, figs. 59-83 — Solem, 1955; Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., (566): 16-17; pl. 1, fig. 6 (shell); pl. 3, fig. 1 (jaw); pl. 4, fig. 1 (reproductive anatomy) — Breure & Eskens, 1981; Zool. Verh. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden, (216): 42-44; text-figs. 141-149 (reproductive anatomy).

TYPE LOCALITY — Tacubaya, Mexico. There are six states that have a place named Tacubaya: Distrito Federal, Oaxaca, Jalisco, Guanajuato, Chihuahua and Yucatan.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: Soledad; mountains near Chilpancingo, 9500 ft. alt. (Von Martens, 1893); Cerro Muerto, 2600 ft. alt. (Breure & Eskens, 1981). MEXICO: nr. Cd. Mexico; summit de los Aguas Escondidas (Von Martens, 1893); Santa Rosa to El Desierto de los Leones (Solem, 1955a). VERACRUZ: Tuxpán (Strebel, 1882).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) trimarianus (Von Martens, 1893)

Otostomus trimarianus Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 216; pl. 13, fig. 17 (shell). Drymaeus trimarianus (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 62; pl. 2, figs. 17, 18 (shell) — Jacobson, 1958: 11. Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) trimarianus (Von Martens). Breure, 1979; Zool. Verhandl. Uit. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden (168): 24 — Köhler, 2007; Mitt. Mus. für Nat. Berlin, Zool., 82: 153; fig. 135 (syntype).

TYPE LOCALITY — Tres Marias Islands, Nayarit. Lectotype BMNH 1901.6.22.950 (Breure, 1979). DISTRIBUTION RECORDS. NAYARIT, Tres Marias Islands: Maria Madre Island (Jacobson, 1958).

Group of Drymaeus tripictus

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) irazuensis (Angas, 1878)

Bulimus irazuensis Angas, 1878; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 73; pl. 5, figs. 17-21 (shell). Otostomus irazuensis (Angas). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 224; pl. 14, figs. 12, 12a, 13, 13a (shell) — Von Martens, 1901; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 631. Drymaeus irazuensis (Angas). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 68-69; pl. 6, figs. 16-20, 24, 25 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Volcán de Irazú, Cartago Prov., Costa Rica.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COSTA RICA, Cartago Prov.: Tierra Blanca, on the south slope of Volcán Irazu, 1800 m alt. (Von Martens, 1893); Estrella de Cartago (Von Martens, 1901).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) tripictus tripictus (Albers, 1857)

Bulimus tripictus Albers, 1857; Malak. Blätt., 3: 97. Otostomus tripictus (Albers). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 225. Drymaeus tripictus (Albers). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 69-70; pl. 6, figs. 12-15. Bulimulus rhodotrema Von Martens, 1868; Malak. Blätt., 15: 156 — Köhler, 2007; Mitt. Mus. für Nat. Berlin, Zool., 82: 153, fig. 133 (holotype).

TYPE LOCALITY — Bulimus tripictus: unknown. Bulimulus rhodotrema: Costa Rica; holotype ZMB 14.410 (Köhler, 2007).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COSTA RICA: not known from a specific locality.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) tripictus hoffmanni (Von Martens, 1893)

Otostomus tripictus var. hoffmanni Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 225; pl. 14, figs. 11, 11a (shell) — Von Martens, 1901; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 631. Drymaeus tripictus var. hoffmanni (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 70; pl. 6, figs. 5. 6 (shell) — Pilsbry, 1926; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 78: 85-86; text-figs. 16a-d (shell). Drymaeus prestoni DaCosta, 1906; Proc. Malac. Soc. London, 7: 9; pl. 1, fig. 9 (shell). Drymaeus prestoni var. cancellata DaCosta, 1906; Proc. Malac. Soc. London, 7: 9; pl. 1, fig. 10.

TYPE LOCALITIES — Drymaeus tripictus var. hoffmanni: Woods of San Lorenzo de Dota, San José Prov., Costa Rica; 1300 m alt. Drymaeus prestoni: Chiriqui, Panama. Holotype BMNH 1975478 (Breure, 1979). Drymaeus prestoni cancellata: Chiriqui, Panama; holotype BMNH 1907.11.21.13 (Breure, 1979).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COSTA RICA, Heredia Prov.: Heredia (Von Martens, 1893); slope of Volcán de Barba, 1600 m alt. San Jose Prov.: Tarbaca, 1700 m alt. PANAMA, Chiriqui Prov.: Chiriqui (DaCosta, 1906).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) gabbi (Angas, 1879)

Bulimus gabbi Angas, 1879; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 477; pl. 40, figs. 3, 3a (shell). Otostomus gabbi (Angas). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 207. Drymaeus gabbi (Angas). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 70-71; pl. 6, figs. 7-11 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Central Costa Rica, upon the flanks of Pico Blanco, at an altitude of about 3000 to 6000 ft. Lectotype BMNH 1879.7.22.23 (Breure, 1979).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COSTA RICA, Heredia Prov.: La Paz, on the road to the Rio Sarapiquí (Von Martens, 1893).

Drymaeus pilsbryi Zetek, 1933

Drymaeus pilsbryi Zetek, 1933; Nautilus, 47; pl. 13, figs. 1 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Barro Colorado Island, Canal Zone, Panama. Holotype ANSP 162124.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PANAMA, Canal Zone: Pedro Miguel. San Blas Com.: San Blas; Ustupu [Ustupo] (Zetek, 1933).

Group of Drymaeus totonacus

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) albostriatus (Strebel, 1882)

Bulimulus albostriatus Strebel, 1882: 94; pl. 6, fig. 3 (shell). Drymaeus alsostriatus (Strebel). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: pl. 12, figs. 25, 26 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Tehuantepec, Oaxaca.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — OAXACA: known only from the type locality.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) championi (Von Martens, 1893)

Otostomus championi Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 222; pl. 14, fig. 5 (shell). Drymaeus championi (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 73; pl. 5, fig. 10 (shell). Drymaeus (Drymaeus) championi (Von Martens). Breure & Eskens, 1981; Zool. Verh. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden, (216): 14.

TYPE LOCALITY — Hacienda de Las Nubes, Cerro Zunil, [Dept. Quetzaltenango], Guatemala. Lectotype BMNH 1901.6.22.451 (Breure & Eskens, 1981).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA: known only from the type locality.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) dominicus (Reeve, 1850)

Bulimus dominicus Reeve, 1850; Conch. Icon.: pl. 88, fig. 659. Bulimulus dominicus (Reeve). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 540 — Strebel, 1882: 94. Drymaeus dominicus (Reeve). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 3-7; pl. 20, figs. 30-32 (shell) — Baker, 1922b: 10 — Bequaert & Clench, 1933; Pub. Carnegie Inst. Wash., (431): 532 — Branson & McCoy, 1965: 8 — Thompson, 1967; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 11: 249 — Pérez & López, 2002: 216-218. Drymaeus (Leptodrymaeus) dominicus (Reeve). Pilsbry, 1946; Land Moll. N. Amer., 2: 24-26; text-figs. 14a-14d (shell). Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) dominicus (Reeve). Breure & Eskens, 1942: 55-56; text-figs. 188-189 (reproductive anatomy).

TYPE LOCALITY — Florida, United States of America. Lectotype BMNH 1975199 (Breure & Eskens, 1981.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Widely distributed from Florida to Cuba and Hispaniola, and from eastern Mexico south to Nicaragua. NICARAGUA: San Nicolas (Pilsbry, 1899). Depts. Leon, Rivas and Chontales (Pérez & López, 2002). CAMPECHE: 11 mi. E of Cd. Campeche (Branson & McCoy, 1965); 19.2 mi. E of Silvituc (Thompson, 1967). QUINTANA ROO: 4.0 mi. E of Xpujil (Thompson, 1967). TABASCO. VERACRUZ: Mirador; Callejon de Zamarana, nr. Veracruz (Pilsbry, 1899). YUCATAN: Chichen Itza (Bequaert & Clench, 1933); Labna (Pilsbry, 1899).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) emeus (Say, 1829)

Bulimus emeus Say, 1829a; New Harmony Disseminator of Useful Knowledge: 25-26. Otostomus emeus (Say). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 222,; pl. 14, figs. 6, 6a, 8, 8a (shell). Drymaeus emeus (Say). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 73-75; ; pl. 4, figs. 52-61 (shell) — Correa-Sandoval, 1993; Rev. Biol. Trop., 41: 675 — Correa-Sandoval, 1999; Rev. Biol. Trop., 47:- Correa-Sandoval, Gutiérrez & Reza, 1998; Acta Zool.Mex., (73):: 17 — Correa-Sandoval, 2000; Acta Zool.Mex., (79):: 9 — Correa-Sandoval & Castro, 2002; Acta Zool. Mex., (86): 238. Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) emeus (Say). Breure & Eskens, 1981; Zool. Verh. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden, (216): 66-68; text-figs. 213-221 (reproductive anatomy). Bulimulus palpaloensis Strebel, 1882: 85-87; pl. 5, figs. 12a-c, 16 (shell) — Neubert & Jannsen, 2004; Archiv fur Molluskenkunde, 123: 221; pl. 16, fig. 192 (syntype). Otostomus emeus var. hypozonus Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 223 — Köhler, 2007; Mitt. Mus. für Nat. Berlin, Zool., 82: 150; fig. 116 (lectotype). Otostomus emeus var. albivaricosus Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 223; pl. 14, figs. 8, 8a — Kohler, 2007: 143; fig. 82 (letotype).

TYPE LOCALITIES — Bulimus emeus: road from Veracruz to Mexico City. Bulimulus palpaloensis: not specified among three localities near Misantly, Veracruz. Otostomus emeus var. hypozonus: Jalapa, Veracruz; lectotpe ZMB 109.947a (Köhler, 2007). Otostomus emeus var. albivaricosus: Playa Vicente, Veracruz; lectotype ZMB 109946a (Köhler, 2007).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Reported from northeastern Mexico south to Espirito Santo, Brazil (Breure & Eskens, 1982). NUEVO LEON: Santiago (Correa-Sandoval, 1993). PUEBLA: nr. Necaxa (Solem, 1955a). SAN LUIS POTOSÍ: numerous localities (Correa-Sandoval, et al. 1998). TAMAULIPAS: numerous localities (Correa-Sandoval & Castro, 2002). VERACRUZ: base of Volcán San Martin (Brere & Eskens, 1982); San Juan Cuajinampa (21°11’53” N, 97°30’00” W); El Bajío, Carr. Naranjos-Tuxpan (20°57’17” N, 97°25’57” W); Carr. Tuxpan- Poza Rica, km 234 (20°49’11” N, 97°30’00” W); Barra de Cazones, 2 km al N (20°44’51” N, 97°12’06” W); El Cedral, Carr. Poza Rica-Tajín (20°29’11” N, 97°25’23” W); Ruinas El Tajín (20°26’29” N, 97°22’30” W) (Correa-Sandoval, 2000).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) intrapictus Pilsbry, 1930

Drymaeus intrapictus Pilsbry, 1930; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 82: 340; pl. 30, fig. 8 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Tonosi, Los Santos Prov., Panama. Holotype ANSP 140834.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PANAMA: known only from the type locality.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) perductorum Rehder, 1943

Drymaeus perductorum Rehder, 1943; Nautilus, 57: 20; pl. 6, figs. 6, 7 (shell) — Breure & Eskens, 1981; Zool. Verh. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden, (216): 81; figs. 257-266 (reproductive anatomy); pl. 4, fig. 5. (radula).

TYPE LOCALITY — Near Las Grutas de Cacahuamilpa, Guerrero. Holotype USNM 517552.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: know only from the immediate vicinity of the type locality.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) semimaculatus Pilsbry, 1898

Bulimus maculatus Lea, 1839; Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., 6: 86; pl. 23, fig. 112. (not Bulimus maculatus Bruguiere, 1798). Otostomus maculatus (Lea). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 220-221; pl. 14, fig. 3. Drymaeus semimaculatus Pilsbry, 1898; Man. Conch., (2), 11: 297-297; pl. 5, figs. 8, 9 (shell) — Pilsbry, 1926; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 78: 84-85 — Pilsbry, 1930; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 82: 340 — Morrison, 1946; Smiths. Misc. Coll., 106: 43. Drymaeus (Mesemnbrinus) semimaculatus Pilsbry. Breure & Eskens, 1981; Zool. Verh. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden, (216): 84-86; text-figs. 278-287 (reproductive anatomy).

TYPE LOCALITY — Cartagena, Colombia.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Colombia north to Guatemala. PANAMA, Pearl Islands: San José Island (Morrison, 1946). Canal Zone: Barro Colorado Island (Pilsbry, 1930d). Chiriqui Prov.: Chiriqui. Panama Prov.: Garachino. COSTA RICA, Cartago Prov.: Tapantí (Breure & Eskens, 1982). NICARAGUA: San Nicolas (Martens, 1893). GUATEMALA, Dept. Petén: Dolores; San Luis. Dept. Retalhuleu: Champerico (Von Martens, 1893).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) totonacus (Strebel, 1882)

Bulimulus totnacus Strebel, 1882: 84; pl. 5, figs. 13, 13a (shell); pl. 13, figs. 11, 11a (radula); pl. 14, figs. 9a-f, 10e (anatomy). Otostomus totonacus (Strebel). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 221-222. Drymaeus totonacus (Strebel). Pilsbry, 1899: 71-72; pl. 5, figs. 11-13 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Not stated.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — VERACRUZ: Rancho Quilate, nr. Misantla; Agua Caliente, nr. Misantla (Strebel, 1892).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) tryoni tryoni (Fischer & Crosse, 1875)

Bulimus mexicanus (Lamarck). Reeve, 1850; Conch. Icon. Bulimus: pl. 40, fig 244. Bulimulus (Thaumastus) tryoni Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 565. Otostomus tryoni (Fischer & Crosse). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 232-233. Drymaeus tryoni (Fischer & Crosse). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 75-76; pl. 3, fig. 53 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Sinaloa.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SINALOA: not known from a specific locality.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) tryoni pochutlensis (Crosse & Fischer, 1875)

Bulimulus tryoni pochutlensis Crosse & Fischer, 1975, in Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 565; pl. 24, figs. 3, 3a (shell). Otostomus tryoni var. pochutlensis (Crossse & Fischer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 233. Drymaeus tryoni var pochutlensis (Crosse & Fischer). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 76; pl. 3, 54-55 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Pochutla, near Chilapa, Guerrero.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: known only from the type locality.

Group of Drymaeus sulphureus

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) moricandi moricandi (Pfeiffer, 1846)

Bulimus moricandi Pfeiffer, 1846; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 113. Ulimulus (Drymaeus) moricandi (Pfeifffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 497; pl. 24, figs 9, 9a (shell). Drymaeus moricandi (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 78-79; pl. 4, figs. 62-64 (shell). Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) moricandi (Pfeiffer). Breure & Eskens, 1981; Zool. Verh. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden, (216): 78; text-figs. 247-248 (reproductive anatomy).

TYPE LOCALITY — Mount Cobán, Central America. Lectotype BMNH 1975212 (Breure, 1979).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — VERACRUZ: above Rio Metlac, 19 mi. SW and 0.8 mi. N of Fortín (Breure & Eskens, 1981).

Drymaeus moricandi hyalinoalbidus (Fischer & Crosse, 1875)

Bulimulus (Drymaeus) moricandi var. hyalino-albida Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 498. Otostomus moricandi var. hyalino-albida (Fischer & Crosse). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 227. Drymaeus moricandi var. hyalino-albidus (Fischer & Crosse). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 79.

TYPE LOCALITY — Chiapas.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA, Dept. Izabal: Izabal (Von Martens, 1893). CHIAPAS: no specific locality.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) sulfureus (Pfeiffer, 1856)

Bulimus sulfureus Pfeiffer, 1857; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 318; pl. 35, fig. 11 (shell). Bulimulus sulfureus (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 495; pl. 23, figs. 3, 3a (shell) — Strebel, 1882: 87; pl. 5, figs. 11a-d; pl. 13, figs. 15, 15a, 16; pl. 15, figs. 2a-c (shell). Otostomus sulfureus (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 225; pl. 14, figs. 14-17 (shell) — Von Martens, 1901; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 631-632. Drymaeus sulfureus (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 76-78; pl. 4, figs. 65-68 (shell) — Hinkley, 1920; Nautilus, 34: 48, 51 — Pilsbry, 1920; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 72: 5 — Van der Schalie, 1940; Occ. Pap. Mus. Zol. Univ. Mich., (413): 4 — Haas, 1949; Nautilus, 62: 138 — Solem, 1955; Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., (566): 19; pl. 1, fig. 3 (shell); pl. 2, figs. 6, 9, 12 (radula); pl. 3, fig. 3 (jaw); pl. 4, fig. 2 (reproductive anatomy) — Branson & McCoy, 1963; Nautilus, 76: 106 — Correa-Sandoval, et al, 1998: 17 — Correa-Sandoval, 2000; Acta Zool.Mex., (79):: 9 — Correa-Sandoval, 2002; Acta Zool. Mex., (86): 238. Otostomus sulfurous var. albidus Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 226 — Köhler, 2007; Mitt. Mus. für Nat. Berlin, Zool., 82: 148; fig. 112 (lectotype). Otostomus sulfurous var. gracilior Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 226; pl. 14, fig. 14 (shell) — Köhler, 2007; Mitt. Mus. für Nat. Berlin, Zool., 82: 150, fig. 115 (lectotype). Bulimus citronellus Angas, 1879; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 479; pl. 40, fig. 5 (shell). Otostomus sulfureus var. obesus Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 226; pl. 14, fig. 18 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Bulimus sulfureus: Cordoba, Veracruz. Bulimus citronellus: Uren to Lipurio, Costa Rica; lectotype BMNH 1879.7.22.19 (Breure, 1979; Zool. Verhandl. Uit. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden (168): 117). Otostomus sulfurous var. albidus: Teapa, Tabasco; lectotype ZNB 109.947a (Köhler, 2007). Otostomus sulfurous var. gracilior: Senahu, Dept. Alta Verapaz, Guatemala; lectotype ZMB 109.887a (Köhler, 2007). Otostomus sulfureus var. obesus: Huatusco, Veracruz.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COSTA RICA, Alahuela Prov.: San Mateo. Cartago Prov.: Cartago; Rio Reventazón Valley, nr. Juan Viñas, 2500 ft. alt.; Turrialba; Tuis; Santa Clara. Heredia Prov.: San Juan, Sarapiquí, 100-200 m alt. Limon Prov.: nr. Guapiles, 980 ft. alt. Puntarenas Prov.: Bonnefil Farms, Rio Surubres, 700 ft. alt. (Pilsbry, 1920c). San Jose Prov.: San Jose, 1161 m alt. NICARAGUA, Dept. Chontales: La Libertad. GUATEMALA, Dept. Alta Verapaz: north of Cobán; Chiacam; San Joaquin; Chacoj; Senahu; Panzos (Pilsbry, 1899); Chamá (Hinkley, 1920); Samac; Panzamala (van der Schalie, 1940). Dept. Izabal: Jocolo (Hinkley, 1920). Dept. Zacapa: Santa Clara (Haas, 1949). CAMPECHE: Cd. de Carmen; 16 mi. E of Cd. Campeche (Branson & McCoy, 1963). SAN LUIS POTOSI: entrance to Las Pozas (Xilitla), 540 m alt. (21°23’39” N, 98°59’44” W); Carr. Tamazunchale-Chapulhuacán, km 15, 140 m alt. (21°12’40” N, 98°51’34” W); Carr. Tamazunchale- Chapulhuacán, 15.5 km from Tamazunchale, 140 m. alt. (21°12’26” N, 98°53’25” W); Vega Larga, 5 km from Tamazunchale, 120 m. alt. (21°14’23” N, 98°50’31” W); Cueva “El Salitre”, Xilitla (21°22’55” N, 98°57’53” W) Correa-Sandoval, et al. 1998). TABASCO: Teapa. TAMAULIPAS: (Correa-Sandoval, 2002). VERACRUZ: Atoyac; Cordoba; Orizaba; Consolapa; Soncoantla; Jalapa (Pilsbry, 1899); Sumidero (Solem, 1955a); Rancho El Sol, Naranjos (21°20’00” N, 97°43’6” W); San Juan Cuajinampa (21°11’53” N, 97°30’00” W); El Bajío, Carr. Naranjos- Tuxpan (20°57’17” N, 97°25’57” W); Carr. Tuxpan- Poza Rica, km 234 (20°49’11” N, 97°30’00” W); El Cedral, Carr. Poza Rica-Tajín (20°29’11” N, 97°25’23” W); La Ordeña, Papantla (20°29’43” N, 97°18’27” W); Papantla (20°25’24” N, 97°17’18” W) (Correa-Sandoval, 2000). YUCATAN: 1.5 mi. S of Libre Union (Branson & McCoy, 1963).

Group of Drymaeus multilineatus

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) discrepans (Sowerby, 1833)

Bulimus discrepans Sowerby, 1833; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 72. Bulimulus (Liostracus) discrepans (Sowerby). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 503. Otostomus discrepans (Sowerby). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 230. Drymaeus discrepans (Sowerby). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 81-82; pl. 12, figs. 18, 19 (shell) — Pérez & López, 2002: 213-215.

TYPE LOCALITY — Central America.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COSTA RICA, Guanacaste Proc.: Salinas Bay. NICARAGUA, Dept. Boaco: Masapa. Dept. Grenada: Grenada. Dept. León: San Nicolas. Pacific versant, numerous localities (Pérez & López, 2002). EL SALVADOR, Dept. La Union: Conchagua. GUATEMALA, Dept. Baja Verapaz: Salama; San Geronimo, nr. Salama. Dept. Zacapa: Zacapa. (All records from Von Martens, 1893).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) heterogeneus (Pfeiffer, 1866)

Bulimus heterogeneus Pfeiffer, 1866; Malak. Blätt., 8: 118. Bulimulus (Liostracus) heterogeneus (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 506. Bulimulus heterogeneus (Pfeiffer). Strebel, 1882: 92. Otostomus heterogeneus (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 235. Drymaeus heterogeneus (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1899; 85; pl. 12, figs. 22, 23 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Vera Cruz.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — NAYARIT: Tepíc (Von Martens, 1893). VERACRUZ: Mirador; Palo Gacho, Rinconada; Jalapa (Von Martens, 1893).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) inusitatus (Fulton, 1900)

Bulimulus (Drymaeus) inusitatus Fulton, 1900.87 — Köhler, 2007; Mitt. Mus. für Nat. Berlin, Zool., 82: 151; fig. 121 (syntype?).

Drymaeus inusitatus (Fulton). Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., (2), 14: 162-163; pl. 26, fig. 43 — Pilsbry, 1926; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 78: 85; text-fig. 15b (shell). Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) inusitatus (Fultn). Breure & Eskens, 1981; Zool. Verh. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden, (216): 75-76; text-figs. 245-246 (reproductive anatomy).

TYPE LOCALITY — Costa Rica; holotype BMNH 1901.4.25.28.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COSTA RICA, Limón Prov. 28.3 mi. W of Limón (Breure & Eskens, 1981). PANAMA, Chiriqui Prov.: nr. Chiriqui Lagoon (Pilsbry, 1926).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) livescens (Pfeiffer, 1842)

Bulimus livescens Pfeiffer, 1842; Symbolae ad historiam heliceorum, II: 48. Bulimulus (Mesembrinus) livescens (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 543. Bulimulus livescens (Pfeiffer,). Strebel, 1882: 91; pl. 6, fig. 4 (shell). Otostomus livescens (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 228; pl. 15, figs. 7, 8 (shell). Drymaeus livescens (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 80-81; pl. 4, figs. 76-81 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Tehuacán, Puebla.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: Chilpancingo. PUEBLA: SE of Tehuacán; Tecomavaca (Von Martens, 1893).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) moritinctus (Von Martens, 1893)

Otostomus moritinctus Von Martens, 1893; Biologia Centrali Americana: 228; pl. 14, figs. 9-10 — Neubert & Jannsen, 2004; Archiv für Mollusk., 123: pl. 16, fig. 191 (paralectotype). Drymaeus moritinctus (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 79-80; pl. 6, figs. 26-29 (shell). Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) moritinctus (Von Martens). Breure & Eskens, 1981; Zool. Verh. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden, (216): 78 — Köhler, 2007; Mitt. Mus. für Nat. Berlin, Zool., 82: 152; fig. 128 (paralectotype).

TYPE LOCALITY — Chilpancingo, Guerrero; 4600 ft. alt. Lectotype BMNH 1901.6.22.841 (Breure & Eskens, 1981).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: Known only from the vicinity of the type locality.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) multilineatus (Say, 1825)

Bulimus multilineatus Say, 1825; Journ. Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 5: 120. Drymaeus multilineatus (Say). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 27; pl. 11, figs. 27-33 — Hinkley, 1907; Nautilus, 21: 72 — Pilsbry, 1946; Land Moll. N. Amer., 2: 26-28; figs. 15a-15d — Branson & McCoy, 1965; Univ. Colorado Stud, Biol., (13): 8 — Correa-Sandoval, Gutiérrez & Reza, 1998; Acta Zool.Mex., (73):: 17 — Correa-Sandoval & Castro, 2002; Acta Zool. Mex., (86): 238 — Pérez & López, 2002: 218-220. Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) multilineatus (Say). Breure & Eskens, 1981; Zool. Verh. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden, (216): 78-80; text-figs. 249-256 (reproductive anatomy).)

Bulimus sisalensis Morelet, 1849; Test Noviss., I: 9 — Neubert & Jannsen, 2004; Archiv fur Molluskenkunde, 123: 230; pl. 16, fig. 193 (paralectotype).

TYPE LOCALITY — Bulimus multilineatus: Miami, Dade Co., Florida. Neotype ANSP 12309a (Pilsbry, 1946). Bulimus sisalensis: Sisal, Yucatan.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — South Florida, Colombia, Venezuela, Curaçao and Mexico. NICARAGUA, Depts. Managua, Chontales (Pérez & López, 2002). CAMPECHE: 11 mi. E of Cd. Campeche (Branson &McCoy, 1965: 8). OAXACA: 4.0 mi. WNW of Tehantepec (Breure & Eskens, 1981). SAN LUIS POTOSÍ: Valles (Hinkley, 1907); Rancho El Rodeo; Ejido Buenavista, km 18, Carr. Cd. Valles, 500 m alt. (22°11’13” N, 99°00’00” W); Cd. del Maíz-El Naranjo, S.L.P. km 10 (22°30’00” N, 99°22’06” W); Cd. del Maíz-El Naranjo, S.L.P. km 35 (22°30’00” N, 99°22’06” W); carr. Cd. del Maíz-El Naranjo, La Cortina (22°30’58” N, 99°20’15” W) (Correa-Sandoval- Sandoval, et al, 1998). TAMAULIPAS: numerous localities (Correa-Sandoval & Costro, 2002). YUCATAN Sisal.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) semipellucidus (Tristram, 1861)

Bulimus semipellucidus Tristram, 1861, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 230; pl. 26, fig. 8 (shell).

Bulimulus (Liostracus) semipellucidus (Tristram). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 507.

Otostomus semipellucidus (Tristram). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 236; pl. 15, fig. 10 (shell).

Drymaeus semipellucidus (Tristram). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 82-83; pl. 4, figs. 71-73 (shell).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) semipellucidus (Tristram). Breure & Eskens, 1981; Zool. Verh. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden, (216): 86-87; text figs. 288-296 (reproductive anatomy).

TYPE LOCALITY — Guatemala.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COSTA RICA, Alahuela Prov.: Alahuela. Guanacaste Prov.: Salinas Bay. Heredia Prov.: Puerto Viejo, Rio Sarapiquí (Von Martens, 1893). NICARAGUA, Dept. Masaya: 2.4 mi. N of Masatepe (Breure & Eskens, 1981).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) shattucki Bequaert & Clench, 1931

Drymaeus shattucki Bequaert & Clench, 1931: 424 — Bequaert & Clench, 1933; Pub. Carnegie Inst. Wash., (431): 533-534; pl. 68, figs. 4-7 — Bequaert & Clench, 1936; Pub. Canegie Inst. Wash., (457): 64 — Bequaert & Clench, 1938; Pub. Canegie Inst. Wash., (491): 258 — Basch, 1959; Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., (612): 10 — Branson & McCoy, 1963; Nautilus, 76: 106.

TYPE LOCALITY — Chichen Itza, Yucatan. Holotype MCZ 79396.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA, Dept. Petén: Tikal National Park (Basch, 1959). QUINTANA ROO: 3 km S of San Miguel, Cozumel Island (Branson & McCoy, 1963). YUCATAN: Tabi; Progreso (Bequaert & Clench, 1933); Ebitz Cave, Oxkutzcab (Bequaert & Clench, 1938).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) tropicalis (Morelet, 1849)

Bulimus tropicalis Morelet, 1849; Test Noviss., I: 9 — Neubert & Jannsen, 2004; Archiv fur Molluskenkunde, 123: 233; pl. 16, fig. 194 (paralectoype). Bulimulus (Liostracus) tropicalis (Morelet). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 504; pl. 20, figs. 7, 8 (shell). Bulimulus tropicalis (Morelet). Strebel, 1882: 95 — Pilsbry, 1891; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila.: 315. Otostomus tropicalis (Morelet). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 233. Drymaeus tropicalis (Morelet). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 85-86; pl. 6, figs. 21-23 (shell) — Bequaert & Clench, 1933; Pub. Carnegie Inst. Wash., (431): 533 — Bequaert & Clench, 1938; Pub. Canegie Inst. Wash., (491): 258 — Basch, 1959; Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., (612): 10 — Branson & McCoy, 1963; Nautilus, 76: 106 — Thompson, 1967; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 11: 248-249. Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) tropicalis (Morelet). Breure & Eskens, 1981; Zool. Verh. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden, (216): 89.

TYPE LOCALITY — Mexico, Campeche, civic plaza of Cd. Campeche. Lectotype BMNH 1893.2.4.210 (Breure & Eskens, 1981).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA, Dept. Petén: Tikal National Park (Basch, 1959). CAMPECHE: 5-11 mi. E of Cd. Campeche; 32 mi. S of Cd. Campeche (Branson & McCoy, 1963); 5.1 mi. NNW of Dzibalchén; 3.6 mi. S of Hopelchén; 5.7 mi. E of Cd. Campeche (Thompson, 1967). QUINTANA ROO: 4.0 mi. E of Xpujil (Thompson, 1967). YUCATAN: Labna; Tabi, S of Merida (Pilsbry, 1891); Ebitz Cave, Oxkutzcab (Bequaert & Clench, 1938); 0.8 mi. NE of Becanchén; 19.1 mi. SSE of Uman (Thompson, 1967).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) uhdeanus uhdeanus (Von Martens, 1893)

Bulimulus (Mesembrinus) uhdeanus Von Martens, 1863; in Monatsber. Akad. Wiss. Berl., 26: 541 — Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 530; pl. 21, figs. 4, 4a (shell) — Strebel, 1882: 90; pl. 11, figs. 11a, 11b (shell) — Köhler, 2007; Mitt. Mus. für Nat. Berlin, Zool., 82: 153; fig. 136 (lectotype). Otostomus uhdeanus (Von Martens). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 233; pl. 15, figs. 1-3 (shell). Drymaeus uhdeanus (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 83-84; pl. 15, figs. 47, 49, 50 (shell) — Solem, 1955; Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., (566): 11. Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) uhdeanus (Von Martens). Breure & Eskens, 1981; Zool. Verh. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden, (216): 89; text-figs. 299-300 (reproductive anatomy). Drymaeus herrerae Bartsch, 1907; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 32: 119, text-fig. 1 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Bulimulus uhdeanus: Mexico; lectotype ZMB 4.575b (Köhler, 2007). Drymaeus herrerae: Bonanza Zimapan, Hidalgo; holotype USNM 192997.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — HIDALGO: Zimapan. JALISCO: Sayula. VERACRUZ: Aculcingo, south of Orizaba (Pilsbry, 1899); 8.5 mi. SW of Cd. Mendoza, 5200 ft. alt. (Breure & Eskens, 1981).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) uhdeanus borealis (Von Martens, 1893)

Otostomus uhdeanus var. borealis Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 234; pl. 15, fig. 6 (shell) — Köhler, 2007; Mitt. Mus. für Nat. Berlin, Zool., 82: 150; fig. 114 (lectotype). Drymaeus uhdeanus borealis (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 84; pl. 15, fig. 53 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Ventanas, Durango; 2000 ft. alt. Lectontype ZMB 101.817a (Köhler, 2007).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — DURANGO: known only from the type locality.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) uhdeanus cuernovacensis (Crosse & Fischer, 1874)

Bulimulus (Scutalus) cuernovacensis Crosse & Fischer, 1874; Jour. Conchyl., 22: 283 — Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 532; pl. 23, figs. 11, 11a (shell) — Strebel, 1882: 65; pl. 12, fig. 17 (shell). Otostomus uhdeanus var. cuernovacensis (Crosse & Fischer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 234; pl. 15, fig. 4 (shell). Drymaeus uhdeanus cuernovacensis (Crosse & Fischer). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 84; pl. 15, figs. 42, 51 (shell) — Solem, 1955; Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., (566): 11. Drymaeus herrerae veracruzensis Bartsch, 1907: 120; text-fig. 2.

TYPE LOCALITY — Bulimulus cuernovaensis: Cuernovaca, Morelos. Drymaeus herrerae veracruzensis: Cordoba, Veracruz.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — MORELOS: Cuernovaca. VERACRUZ: Orizaba; Maltrata (Pilsbry, 1899).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) uhdeanus tepicensis (Von Martens, 1893)

Otostomus uhdeanus var. tepicensis Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 234; pl. 15, fig. 5. Drymaeus uhdeanus tepicensis (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 84; pl. 15, fig. 52 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Tepíc, Jalisco [Nayarit].

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — NAYARIT: Maria Madre Island, Tres Marias Islands (Dall, 1926).

Group of Drymaeus translucens

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) cozumelensis Richards, 1937

Drymaeus shattucki cozumelensis Richards, 1937; Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 77: 253; pl. 4, fig. 4 — Rehder, 1966; Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 79: 285-286; fig. 7.

TYPE LOCALITY — On trail from San Miguel to Santa Rita, Cozumel Island, Quintana Roo. Holotype ANSP 167744.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — QUINTANA ROO: known only from Cozumel Island.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) hondurasanus (Pfeiffer, 1846)

Bulimus hondurasanus Pfeiffer, 1846; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 29. Bulimulus (Liostracus) hondurasanus (Pfeiffer): Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 503. Otostomus hondurasanus (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 232. Drymaeus hondurasanus (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 88-89; pl. 15, fig. 41 (shell) — Rehder, 1966; Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 79: 286; figs. 5-6 (lectotype shell). Drymaeus (D.) alternans honduranus (Pfeiffer). Haas & Solem, 1960; Nautilus, 73: 131.

TYPE LOCALITY — Honduras. Lectotype in the BMNH 1975265 (Rehder, 1966).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BELIZE: Rio Frio Cave; Kate’s Lagoon (Haas & Solem, 1960). HONDURAS: not known from a specific locality.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) mayaorum Rehder, 1966

Drymaeus mayaorum Rehder, 1966; Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 79: 287; figs. 3, 4.

TYPE LOCALITY — Isla Mujeres, Quintana Roo, Mexico. Holotype USNM 251656.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — QUINTANA ROO: Isla Mujeres; near San Miguel, Cozumel Island (Rehder 1966).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) translucens translucens (Broderip, 1832)

Bulimus translucens Broderip, 1832; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 31. Otosomus translucens (Broderip). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 250. Drymaeus translucens (Broderip). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 89; pl. 24, figs. 28, 29 (shell) — Pilsbry, 1930; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 82: 340; pl. 30, figs. 13, 14. (shell) — Morrison, 1946; Smiths. Misc. Coll., 106: 42-43 — Pérez & López, 2002: 221.

TYPE LOCALITY — King and Saboga Islands, Panama.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PANAMA, Pearl Islands: King Island; Saboga Island (Pilsbry, 1926); San José Island (Morrison, 1946). NICARAGUA, Dept. Boaco (Pérez & López, 2002)?

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) translucens alternans (Beck, 1837)

Bulimus (Bulimulus)alternans Beck, 1837; Index molluscorum.: 65. Bulimulus(Liostracus) alternans (Beck). Fischer & Crosse, 1875; Miss. Sci. Mex.: 500; pl. 23, figs. 5 (shell). Otostomus alternans (Beck). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 230-231 — Von Martens, 1901; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 632. Drymaeus alternans (Beck). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 86-88; pl. 15, figs. 38-40 (shell) — Pilsbry, 1926; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 78: 84; text-figs. 15d, 15e (shell) — Hinkley, 1920; Nautilus, 34: 38 — Pérez & López, 2002: 213. Drymaeus translucens alternans (Beck). Pilsbry, 1930; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 82: 340; pl. 20, fig. 4 (shell). Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) alternans (Beck). Breure & Eskens, 1981; Zool. Verh. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden, (216): 47-50; text-figs. 160-173 (reproductive anatomy); pl. 3, fig. 7 (radula).

TYPE LOCALITY — Saboga Island, Panama.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COSTA RICA, Alahuela Prov.: Alahuela (Von Martens, 1893). Cartago Prov.: Cartago, 1142 m alt. Puntarenas Prov.: San Diquis Valley, nr. Terraba, 100 m alt. San José Prov.: San José; La Uruca, 100 m alt. (Von Martens, 1893, 1901). GUATEMALA, Dept. Baja Verapaz: San Géronimo, nr. Salama (Von Martens, 1893). Dept. Guatemala: Cd. Guatemala (Hinkley, 1920). Dept. Sacatepequez: Capetillo, nr. Antigua (Von Martens, 1901). NICARAGUA, Dept. Matagalpa: 1 mi. E of Matagalpa (Breure & Eskens, 1981). Dept. Leon (Pérez & López, 2002). PANAMA, Pearl Islands: King’s Island; Saboga Island (Pilsbry, 1926).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) translucens juquilensis (Von Martens, 1893)

Otostomus alternans var. juquilensis Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 231. Drymaeus alternans var. juquilensis (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 88; pl. 15, fig. 40 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Juquila, Oaxaca.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — OAXACA: Juquila. GUATEMALA: “Vera Paz” (Von Martens, 1893).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) translucens misellus Pilsbry, 1926

Drymaeus translucens form misellus Pilsbry, 1926; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 78: 83; text-fig. 14b (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Tonosi, Los Santos Prov., Panama. Holotype ANSP 140281.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PANAMA: known only from the type locality.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) translucens pachecensis Pilsbry, 1930

Drymaeus translucens form pachenensis Pilsbry, 1930d; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 82: 34; pl. 30, fig. 11 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Pacheco Island, Pearl Islands, Panama. Holotype ANSP 151302.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PANAMA: known only from the type locality.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) translucens panamensis (Broderip, 1833)

Bulimus panamensis Broderip, 1833; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 105. Otostomus panamensis (Broderip). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 236. Drymaeus panamensis (Broderip). Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 90; pl. 24, fig. 30 (shell). Drymaeus translucens form panamensis (Broderip). Pilsbry, 1930; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 82: 340; pl. 30, fig. 12.

TYPE LOCALITY — San Miguel, King Island, Panama.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PANAMA: King Island, Saboga Island (Pilsbry, 1926).

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) translucens sororcula Pilsbry, 1926

Drymaeus translucens sororcula Pilsbry, 1926; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 78: 83; text-fig. 14c (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Taboga Island, Panama. Holotype ANSP 45238.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PANAMA: known only from the type locality.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) translucens subfloccosus Pilsbry, 1899

Drymaeus translucens var. subfloccusus Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., (2), 12: 90; pl. 24, figs. 26, 27 (shell) — Breure, 1979; Zool. Verhandl. Uit. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden (168): 124.

TYPE LOCALITY — Nicaragua. Lectotype ANSP 25040a (Breure, 1979).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — NICARAGUA: no specific locality known.

Drymaeus (Mesembrinus) translucens tonosiesis Pilsbry, 1930

Drymaeus alternans (Beck). Pilsbry, 1926; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 78: 84; text-fig. 15E. Drymaeus translucens tonosiesis Pilsbry, 1930: 340.

TYPE LOCALITY — Tonosi, Los Santos Prov., Panama. Holotype ANSP 151288.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PANAMA: known only from the type locality. =

Genus Naesiotus Albers, 1850

= Naesiotus Albers, 1850: 162 — Breure, 1979; Zool. Verhandl. Uit. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden (168): 64-72 — Hoffman, 1988; Veliger, 30: 117-120 — Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 112-119. Sonorina Pilsbry, 1896: Nautilus, 9: 114. Puritanina Jacobson, 1958; Amer. Mus. Nov., (1899): 7. Hannarabdotus Emerson & Jacobson, 1965; Trans> San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 13: 325. =

TYPE SPECIES — Naesiotus: Bulimus nux Broderip, 1832. Sonorina: Bulimulus spirifer Gabb, 1868. Puritanina: Bulimulus montezuma Dall, 1893. Hannarabdotus: Bulimulus slevini Hanna, 1923.

DISTRIBUTION — South America, the Galapagos Islands, the Windward Islands of the West Indies, northwestern Mexico and Arizona (Breure, 1978; Hoffman, 1988). =

TAXONOMY — The generic synonymy given above applies only to the Mexican fauna. Breure (1979: 67-72) lists over 160 names that have been proposed for species of Naesiotus. Twenty species are recognized in the study area. An Arizona species is included.

Naesiotus altus (Dall, 1893)

Naesiotus altus (Dall). Hoffman, 1988; Veliger, 30: 420 — Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 112; text-fig. 16 (map). Bulimulus (Leptobrysus) subspirifer Mabille, 1895; Bulletin de la Société Philomathique de Paris, (8), 7: 67 — Christensen & Miller, 1976; Western Soc. Malac. Ann. Rep., 9:: 51.

TYPE LOCALITIES — Bulimulus altus: Sierra Laguna, Baja California Sur; 3000 ft. alt. (fide Christensen, 1978). Bulimulus subspirifer: Lower California. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: 2.3 km from main hwy. on road to microwave station San Bartolo, 430 m alt.; ca. 1 km SE of San Bartolo, 240 m alt.; 2.1 km SE of San Bartolo (Smith, et al, 1990).

Naesiotus beldingi (Cooper, 1892)

=Bulimulus inscendens var. beldingi Cooper, 1892; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2), 3: 209.

Bulimulus (Orthotomium) beldingi Cooper. Dall, 1895; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.19: 357 — Pilsbry, 1898; Man. Conch., 11: 149; pl. 25, fig. 56 (shell). Naesiotus beldingi (Cooper). Hoffman, 1988; Veliger, 30: 420 — Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 112-113; text-fig. 16 (map). Bulimulus (Leptobrysus) dismenicus Mabille, 1895; Bulletin de la Société Philomathique de Paris, (8), 7: 67 — Emerson & Jacobson, 1964; Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 16: 51. =

TYPE LOCALITIES — Bulimulus beldingi: Sierra Laguna, Punta Arena, near San Jose del Cabo, Baja California Sur. Bulimulus dismenicus: Sierra de Puna, Baja California Sur, 1800 m alt. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: several localities in the Sierra Laguna at 610-2070 m alt. (Smith, et al, 1990).

Naesiotus christenseni (Miller & Reeder, 1984)

= Rabdotus christenseni Miller & Reeder, 1984; Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, 8: 106-109; figs. 1 center, 1 right (shell), text-fig. 2 (reproductive anatomy). Naesiotus christenseni (Miller & Reeder). Hoffman, 1988; Veliger, 30: 417.

TYPE LOCALITY — Arizona, Pima Co.; north end of the Santa Rita Mountains, in a large rockslide on the left bank of south fork of Sycamore Creek, ca. 100 m upstream from Sycamore Spring; 31º52.9’ N, 110º45.7’ W; ca. 1300 m alt. Holotype CAS 37525. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — ARIZONA: known only from the type locality.

Naesiotus cosmicus (Mabille, 1895)

= Bulimulus (Scutalus) cosmicus Mabille, 1895; Bulletin de la Société Philomathique de Paris, (8), 7: 68. Bulimulus (Orthotomium) cosmicus Mabille. Pilsbry, 1897; Man. Conch., 11: 144. Naesiotus cosmicus (Mabille). Hoffman, 1988; Veliger, 30: 420 — Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 113; text-fig. 17 (map). =

TYPE LOCALITY — “La Sierra du Sud dela Presqu’ile”, Baja California Sur. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: stations on the NE side of the Sierra Laguna (Smith, et al, 1990).

Naesiotus dentifer dentifer (Mabille, 1895)

= Bulimulus (Leptobrysus) dentifer Mabille, 1895; Bulletin Societe Philomath., (8) 7: 67. Bulimulus (Sonoribna) dentifer Mabille. Pilsbry, 1898; Man. Conch, 11: 161-162 — Hanna, 1923; Proc. Calf. Acad. Sci., (4), 12: 492-494; pl. 8, figs. 16-20 (shell); text-figs. 1 (reproductive anatomy, jaw). Rabdotus (Leptobrysus) dentifer (Mabille). Emerson & Jacobson, 1964; Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 16: 319-321. Naesiotus dentifer dentifer (Mabille). Hoffman, 1988; Veliger, 30: 420 — Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 113; text-fig. 18 (map). =

TYPE LOCALITY — Isla Tortuga, Baja California Sur. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: known only from Isla Tortuga (Smith, et al, 1990).

Naesiotus dentifer johnstoni (Hanna, 1923)

= Bulimulus johnstoni Hanna, 1923; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 12: 491; pl. 7, figs. 1-6 (shell); pl. 11, fig. 3 (embryonic sculpture). Rabdotus (Hannarabdotus) johnstoni (Hanna). Emerson & Jacobson, 1964; Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 16: 326. Naesiotus dentifer johnstoni (Hanna). Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 114; text-fig. 18 (map).

TYPE LOCALITY — Isla Santa Catalina, Baja California Sur. Holotype CAS 1024. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: known only from Santa Catalina Island (Smith, et al, 1990).

Naesiotus dentifer lamellifer (Pilsbry, 1897)

= Bulimulus lamellifer Pilsbry, 1897; Nautilus, 10: 103. Bulimulus (Sororina) lamellifer Pilsbry, 1898; Man. Conch., 11: 160; pl. 21, figs. 94-99 (shell) — Hanna, 1923; Proc. Calf. Acad. Sci., (4), 12: 495-497. Rabdotus (Leptobrysus) lamellifer lamellifer (Pilsbry). Emerson & Jacobson, 1964; Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 16: 321-321; figs. 2a-k (shell). Naesiotus dentifer lamellifer (Pilsbry). Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 114-115; text-fig. 18 (map). Bulimulus spirifer var. orthelasmus Pilsbry, 1898; Man. Conch., 11: 159-160 — Christensen & Miller, 1976; Western Soc. Malac. Ann. Rep., 9: 51. Bulimulus ximenez Hanna, 1923; Proceedings of the California Academy of Science, (4), 12: 497- 499; pl. 8, figs. 4-9 (shell). Rabdotus (Leptobrysus) ximenez (Pilsbry). Emerson & Jacobson, 1964; Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 16: 323-324; figs. 3a-e (shell). Bulimulus bakeri Hanna, 1923; Proc. Calf. Acad. Sci., (4), 12: 500-501; pl. 7, figs. 7-10 (shell). Bulimulus sanmarcosensis Pilsbry & Lowe, 1932; Nautilus, 46: 49-50; unfigured. Bulimulus carmen Pilsbry & Lowe, 1932; Nautilus, 46: 50-51; unfigured — Pilsbry, 1935; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 87: 2; pl. 1, fig. 7 (shell). =

TYPE LOCALITIES — Bulimulus lamellifer: Lower California. Bulimulus spirifer var. orthelasmus: not given. Bulimulus ximinez: Marquer Bay, Isla Carmen. Bulimulus bakeri: Punta San Antonio, south of Bahia San Nicolas, Baja California Sur; holotype CAS 1017. Bulimulus sanmarcosensis: Isla San Marcos. Bulimulus carmen: Salinas Bay, Isla Carmen. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: northern peninsular Baja California Sur and Isla San Marcos, Isla Carmen, Isla Danzante, Isla Coronados and Isla San Jose (Smith, et al, 1990).

Naesiotus dentifer santacruzensis (Hanna, 1923)

= Bulimulus santacruzensis Hanna, 1923; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 12: 487; pl. 7, figs. 12-15 (shell). Bulimulus slevini Hanna, 1923; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 12: 488-489; pl. 7, figs. 16-19 (shell). Rabdotus (Hannarebdotus) slevini (Hanna). Emerson & Jacobson, 1964; Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 16: 325-326; figs. 4a-f (shell). Naesiotus dentifer slevini (Hanna). Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 115; text-fig. 18 (map). =

TYPE LOCALITIES — Bulimulus santacruzensis: Isla Santa Cruz, Baja California Sur; holotype CAS 1030. Bulimulus dentifer slevini: Isla Monserrate, Baja California Sur; holotype CAS 1034. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: known only from Isla Monserrate and Isla Santa Cruz (Smith, et al, 1990). =

TAXONOMY — Smith, et al (1990) used the name slevini for this subspecies, but the name santacruzensis has page priority.

Naesiotus durangoanus (Von Martens, 1893)

Bulimulus durangoanus Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 246; pl. 15, figs. 11, 11a (shell) — Pilsbry, 1897; Man. Conch, 11: 127-128; pl. 18, figs. 32, 33 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Villa Lerdo, Durango. DISTRIBUTION EECORDS — DURANGO: reported only from the type locality.

TAXONOMY — There are many samples of this and/or closely related species in the Florida Museum of Natural History from the states of Chihuahua, Durango, Coahuila and Nuevo León. The sculpture of the juvenile shells indicates that they are properly placed in Naesiotus. Further study is needed to determine their specific status.

Naesiotus excelsus (Gould, 1853)

= Bulimus excelsus Gould, 1853; Jour. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 6: 376; pl. 14, fig. 3 (shell). Bulimulus (Orthotomium) excelsus (Gould). Pilsbry, 1897; Man. Conch., 11: 141-142; pl. 20, figs. 69-71. Naesiotus excelsus (Gould). Hoffman, 1988; Veliger, 30: 420 — Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 115; text-fig. 17 (map). Bulimulus elatus Gould, 1853; Jour. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 6:: 406.

Bulimulus (Scutatus) cacotycus Mabille, 1895; Bulletin de la Société Philomathique de Paris, (8), 7: 69 — Emerson & Jacobson, 1964; Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 16: 51.

Bulimulus excelsus var. sinaloae Pilsbry, 1897; Man. Conch., 11: 142. =

TYPE LOCALITIES — Bulimus excelsus: “California”. Bulimus elatus: not given. Bulimulus cacotycus: Les Sierras du Sud de la Presqu’ile [Baja California Sur]. Bulimulus excelsus var. sinaloae: Sinaloa (doubtful, Hanna, 1923; Proc. Calf. Acad. Sci., (4), 12: 487; Smith, et al, 1990: 115). =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: La Paz; N slope of La Calavera Mt. Above Playa Coromuel; Playa Coromuel; 20.6 km E of La Paz on rd. to Las Cruces; granite cliff nr. Rancho Viniamos, 2.6 km E of La Paz (Smith, et al, 1990).

Naesiotus gabbi (Crosse & Fischer, 1872)

= Bulimulus (Scutalus) gabbi Crosse & Fischer, 1872; Jour. de Conchyl., 20: 223 — Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 517; l. 20, fig. 19 (shell). Bulimulus (Orthotomium) gabbi Crosse & Fischer. Pilsbry, 1898; Man. Conch., 11: 147-148; pl. 19, figs. 58, 59; pl. 33, figs. 34, 35 (shell). Naesiotus gabbi (Crosse & Fischer). Hoffman, 1988; Veliger, 30: 420 — Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 115; text-fig. 19 (map). =

TYPE LOCALITY — “California Mexicana”. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: rock outcrop E of rd. to La Paz, 4.2 km NE of junct. with rd. between El Gonzaga and El Obispo, 180 m alt.; along rd. between El Obispo and Rancho Tinajitas; arroyo nr. Microwave Station El Rifle, 120 m. alt.; arroyo 1.0 km NE of the trans-peninsular hwy. at km 77, N of La Paz (Smith, et al, 1990).

Naesiotus gigantensis (Christensen & Miller, 1977)

= Rabdotus gigantensis Christensen & Miller, 1977; Nautilus, 91: 131-132; figs. 1-3 (shell). Naesiotus gigantensis (Christensen & Miller). Hoffman, 1988; Veliger, 30: 420 — Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 116; text-fig. 19 (map). =

TYPE LOCALITY — In a large lava rockslide immediately south of the mission at San Javier, Baja California Sur; 350-450 m alt. Holotype CAS 57937. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: nearly the entire length of the Sierra de la Giganta, numerous localities (Smith, et al, 1990).

Naesiotus hannai (Pilsbry, 1927)

= Bulimulus hannai Pilsbry, 1927; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (4), 17: 183-184; pl. 11, figs. 16-20 (shell); pl. 12, fig. 3 (sculpture). Naesiotus hannai (Pilsbry). Hoffman, 1988; Veliger, 30: 420 — Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 116; text-fig. 19 (map). =

TYPE LOCALITY — Isla Margarita, under stones within 1 mi. west and south of the village near the center of the east side of the island, Baja California Sur. Holotype CAS 2621. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: known only from Isla Margarita. Ravine below Mt. Izabal; in rocky outcrops in hills just W of rd. from Puerto Alcatraz to Puerto Cortez (Smith, et al, 1990).

Naesiotus harribaueri (Jacobson, 1958)

= Bulimulus (Puritanina) harribraueri Jacobson, 1958; Amer. Mus. Nov., (1899): 7-11; fig. 1 (shell), fig. 1 left (sculpture). Naesiotus haribaueri (Jacobson). Hoffman, 1988; Veliger, 30: 420 — Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 116; text-fig. 16 (map). =

TYPE LOCALITY — Sand dunes along Bahia de los Frailes, Baja California Sur. Holotype AMNH 74003. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: several localities along the east coast of Cabo San Lucas (Smith, et al, 1990).

Naesiotus laevapex (Christensen & Miller, 1977)

= Rabdotus laevapex Christensen & Miller, 1977; Nautilus, 91: 132-133; figs. 4-7 (shell), fig. 7 (reproductive anatomy). Naesiotus laevapex (Christensen & Miller). Hoffman, 1988; Veliger, 30: 420 — Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 116; text-fig. 16 (map). =

TYPE LOCALITY — In a narrow arroyo approximately 0.5 km inland of the beach at El Limoña, on the west side of Isla Cerrralvo, Baja California Sur; 50-100 m alt. Holotype CAS 57942. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: known only from the type locality.

Naesiotus milleri (Hoffman, 1987)

= Rabdotus milleri Hoffman, 1987; Veliger, 20: 419-423; figs. 4c, 4d (shell), text-fig. 1 (map), text-fig. 3 (reproductive anatomy). Naesiotus milleri (Hoffman). Hoffman, 1988; Veliger, 30: 420. =

TYPE LOCALITY — Sonora, Mexico; 5.4 km west of the Yaqui River bridge at La Estrella on road to Sahuaripa, in a canyon extending north from road (28º57.1’ N, 109º36.7’ W); 350 m alt. Holotype SBMNH 3490. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SONORA: known only from the vicinity of the type locality (Hoffman, 1987).

Naesiotus montezuma (Dall, 1893)

= Bulimus proteus Binney, 1869; Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 8: 207; fig. 358 (shell). (Not Bulinus proteus Broderip, 1832.) Bulimulus (Scutalus) montezuma Dall, 1893; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.16: 16, 640; pl. 72, fig. 1. Bulimulus (Orthotomium) montezuma Dall. Pilsbry, 1898; Man. Conch., 11: 144-145; pl. 19, figs. 56, 57 (shell). Bulimulus (Puritanina) montezuna Ball. Jacobson, 1958: 10-11. Naesiotus montezuma (Dall). Hoffman, 1988; Veliger, 30: 420 — Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 116-117; text-fig. 17 (map). Bulimulus (Scutalus) acholus Mabille, 1895; Bulletin de la Société Philomathique de Paris, (8), 7: 68 — Emerson & Jacobson, 1964; Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 16: 51. =

TYPE LOCALITIES — Bulimulus montezuma: Lower California, mostly from the mountainous region. Lectotype USNM 8564 (Jacobson, 1958: 11). Bulimulus acholus: “montagnes de la Base Californie”. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: Cabo San Lucas, numerous localities from 60-2070 m alt. (Smith, et al, 1990).

Naesiotus nigromontanus (Dall, 1897)

= Bulimulus (alternatus var. ?) nigromantanus Dall, 1897; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 19: 357-358. Rabdotus nigromontanus (Dall). Hoffman, 1987: 419; text-fig. 1 (map); text-fig. 2 (reproductive anatomy), figs. 4a, 4b (shell). Naesiotus nigromontanus (Dall, 1897). Hoffman, 1988; Veliger, 30: 420. =

TYPE LOCALITY — Summit of Black Mountain, 12 mi. S of Monument 77 of International Boundary, right bank of San Bernardino River, Sonora [La Loma Colorado, 31º14.2’ N, 109º17.5’ W]. Holotype USNM 129993. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SONORA: La Loma Colorado; Angostura; Magdalena; Alamos (Hoffman, 1987). ARIZONA, Santa Cruz Co.: Pena Blanca Canyon, Pajaritos Mts, ca. 4000 ft. alt. (Bequaert & Miller, 1973: 137).

Naesiotus pallidior (Sowerby, 1833)

= Bulimus pallidior Sowerby, 1833; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 72. Bulimulus (Orthotomium) pallidior (Sowerby). Pilsbry, 1897; Man. Conch., 11: 142-143; pl. 51, figs. 53-55 (shell). Naesiotus pallidior (Sowerby). Hoffman, 1988; Veliger, 30: 420 — Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 117-118; text-fig. 20 (map). Bulimulus vegetus Gould, 1853: Jour. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 6: 375; pl. 14, fig. 2. Bulimulus pallidior var. striatulus Dall, 1893: 640 — Pilsbry, 1927; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 16: 184-185; pl. 12, figs. 1, 7, 8 (shell). Bulimulus vegetus vegexspiza Cooper, 1894; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2), 4: 134. =

TYPE LOCALITY — Not stated.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: Cabo San Lucas, numerous localities from 60-760 m alt. (Smith, et al, 1990).

Naesiotus rimatus (Pfeiffer, 1846)

=

Bulimus rimatus Pfeiffer, 1846; Proc. Zool. Soc. London: 112.

Bulimulus (Sonorina) rimatus (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1898; Man. Conch., 11: 157; pl. 21, figs. 1-4 (shell) — Hanna, 1923; Proc. Calf. Acad. Sci., (4), 12: 495.

Naesiotus rimatus (Pfeiffer). Hoffman, 1988; Veliger, 30: 420 — Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 117-118; text-fig. 20 (map). Bulimulus (Mesembrinus) inscendens var. bryanti Cooper, 1891; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., Ser. II, 3: 340; pl. 13, figs. 4a-c (shell). Bulimulus (Leptobrysus) bryanti (Cooper). Dall, 1893; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 16: 645; pl. 71, fig. 3 (shell). Bulimulus (Leptobrysus) inscendens var, monticola Dall, 1893; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 16: 643 =

TYPE LOCALITIES — Bulimus rimatus: not given. Bulimulus inscendens var. bryanti: San Jose del Cabo, Baja California Sur (restricted by Christensen, 1978). Bulimulus inscendens monticolus: Sierra Laguna, Baja California Sur; 900 m alt. (restricted by Christensen, 1978). =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: numerous localities on the southern end of Cabo San Lucas below 150 m alt. (Smith, et al, 1990).

Naesiotus spirifer (Gabb, 1868)

= Bulimus spirifer Gabb, 1868; Amer. Jour. Conch., 3: 236; pl. 16, fig. 5. Bulimulus (Sonorina) spirifer (Gabb). Pilsbry, 1898; Man. Conch., 11: 158-159; pl. 2, figs. 87-91 (shell). Naesiotus spirifer (Gabb). Hoffman, 1988; Veliger, 30: 420 — Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 118-119; text-fig. 21 (map). Bulimulus lapidivagus Mabille, 1895; Bulletin de la Société Philomathique de Paris, (8), 7: 66 — Emerson & Jacobson, 1964; Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 16: 51. =

TYPE LOCALITIES — Bulimus spirifer: in the mountains, among rocks from San Antonio, below La Paz, to near San Borja, and in the mountains perhaps even farther north. Bulimulus lapidivagus: Sierra de la Cachila au Sud de la Paz. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: Cabo San Lucas, from various localities in the Sierra Cachila and near by areas; 430-690 m alt. (Smith, et al, 1990).

Naesiotus veseyianus (Dall, 1893)

= Bulimulus (Leptobrysus) veseyianus Dall, 1893; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.16: 645; pl. 71, figs. 4, 5 (shell). Bulimulus (Sonorina) veseyianus Dall. Pilsbry, 1898; Man. Conch., 11: 160; pl. 21, figs. 92, 93 (shell) — Hanna, 1923; Proc. Calf. Acad. Sci., (4), 12: 499-500; pl. 8, figs. 1-3 (shell). Rabdotus (Leptobrysus) veseyianus (Dall). Emerson & Jacobson, 1964; Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 16: 324. Naesiotus veseyianus (Dall). Hoffman, 1988; Veliger, 30: 420 — Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 119; text-fig. 19 (map). =

TYPE LOCALITY — Isla Espiritu Santo, Baja California Sur. Holotype USNM 34122. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: known only from Isla Espiritu Santo (Smith, et al. 1990).

Naesiotus xantusi (Binney, 1861)

= Bulimus xanttusi W. G. Binney, 1861; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila.: 331; fig. (shell). Bulimulus (Orthotomium) xantusi (Binney). Pilsbry, 1898; Man. Conch., 11: 148; pl. 19, figs. 60-62; pl. 33, fig. 36 (shell). Naesiotus xantusi (Binney). Hoffman, 1988; Veliger, 30: 420 — Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 119; text-fig. 22 (map). =

TYPE LOCALITY — Cabo San Lucas, Baja California Sur. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: various localities on the Cabo San Lucas, from 90-910 m alt. (Smith, et al, 1990).

Genus Rabdotus Albers, 1850

= Rabdotus Albers, 1850; Die Heliceen: 164 — Pilsbry, 1946; Land Moll. N. Amer., 2: 4. =

DISTRIBUTION — Central Mexico from Puebla north to Texas, the central-southern United States, and Baja California Sur. =

TAXONOMY — Two subgenera and sixteen species are recognized.

Subgenus Rabdotus (Albers, 1850

= Rabdotus Albers, 1850; Die Heliceen: 164. Odontostomus Fischer & Crosse, 1874; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 473. Globulinus Fischer & Crosse, 1874; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 475. =

TYPE SPECIES — Rabdotus: Helix dealbatus Say, 1821. Odontostomus: Bulimus sFLMNHflatus Gould, 1859. Globulinus: Bulimus sFLMNHflatus Gould, 1859. =

DISTRIBUTION — The same as for the genus. =

TAXONOMY — Eleven species and one subspecies occur in the study area.

Group of Rabdotus alternatus

Rabdotus (Rabdotus) alternatus alternatus (Say, 1830)

= Bulimus alternatus Say, 1830; New Harmony Disseminator: 25. Bulimulus alternatus alternatus (Say, 1830). Pilsbry, 1928: 117 — Pilsbry, 1946; Land Moll. N. Amer., 2: 15-16; fig. 6e — Branson & McCoy, 1963; Nautilus, 76: 105.

Rabdotus alternatus (Say). Correa-Sandoval, 1993; Rev. Biol. Trop., 41: 675 — Correa-Sandoval, Gutierrez & Reza, 1998: 17 — Correa-Sandoval, 2000; Acta Zool.Mex., (79):: 9 — Correa-Sandoval & Castro, 2002; Acta Zool. Mex., (86): 238.

Bulimus lactarius Menke, 1846; in Pfeiffer, Symbolae ad Histori Heliceorum, 3: 85. = Type locality — Monterrey, Nuevo León (restricted by Pilsbry, 1946). Holotype ANSP 25694. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — NUEVO LEÓN: Santa Caterina Valley opposite and above the Obispada (Pilsbry, 1946); Santiago (Correa-Sandoval-Sadoval, 1993). SAN LUIS POTOSI: 0.1 km Ejido Buenavista km 18 Carr. Mante-Cd. Valles (22°30’43” N, 99°01’50” W, 320 m alt.); Km 92, W of Cd. del Maíz (22°25’36” N, 99°38’09” W, 1260 m alt.); Ejido Buena Vista, 2 km S of Carr. Antiguo Morelos-Cd. Valles (22°16’49” N, 99°02’22” W, 300 m alt.); km 169 on Carretera Río Verde-San Luis Potosí (21°59’30” N, 100°11’50” W); Las Cascadas, Tamasopo (21°56’05” N, 99°25’00” W) (Correa-Sandoval, et al, 1998); 2 mi. SE of Charro Blanco Branson & McCoy, 1963). TAMAULIPAS: Mesa de Solis, nr. La Lajilla, between Padilla and Jimenez (Pilsbry, 1928); numerous records (Correa-Sandoval & Castro, 2002). VERACRUZ: La Ordeña, Papantla (20° 29’ 43”N, 97° 18’ 27” W) (Correa-Sandoval, 2000).

Rabdotus (Rabdotus) alternatus mariae (Albers, 1850)

Bulimus mariae Albers, 1850; Die Heliceen: 162. Bulimulus alternatus mariae (Albers). Pilsbry & Ferriss, 1906; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 58: 139; pl.7, figs. 13-30. Bulimulus (Rabdotus) alternatus mariae (Albers). Pilsbry, 1946; Land Moll. N. Amer., 2: 14-15; figs. 6a-d, f (shell). = TYPE LOCALIY — Brownsville, Texas (restricted by Pilsbry, 1946). Syntype ZMB 112669 (Köhler, 2007). =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Many localities in northern Nuevo León and Tamaulipas (Pilsbry, 1946).

Rabdotus (Rabdotus) dealbatus dealbatus (Say, 1821)

= Helix dealbaus ay, 1821; Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 2: 150. Bulimulus dealbatus (Say). W. G. Binney, 1878; Terrestrial Mollusks of North America, 5: 393; fig. 269 (shell); pl. 8, figs. E (jaw, radula). Bulimulus (Rabdotus) dealbatus (Say). Pilsbry, 1946; Land Moll.N. Amer., 2: 7-9; figs. a-d. Rabdotus dealbatus dealbatus (Say). Correa-Sandoval, 1993; Rev. Biol. Trop., 41: 675 — Correa-Sandoval & Castro, 2002; Acta Zool. Mex., (86): 238. Bulimus liquabilis Reeve, Conch. Icon., 5: pl. 57, fig. 384 (shell). Bulimus confinis Reeve, 1850; Conch. Icon., 5: pl. 86, fig. 643 (shell). =

TYPE LOCALITIES — Helix dealbatus: Missouri and Alabama. Holotype in the ANSP (Pilsbry, 1946). Bulimus liquabilis: Texas; lectotype BMNH 1975422 (Breure, 1979; Zool. Verhandl. Uit. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden (168): 76). Bulimus confinis: Texas.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Widely distributed in the eastern United States from Illinois south to Alabama and west to eastern Texas and Oklahoma. Mexican records are as follow. NUEVO LEÓN: Santiago (Correa-Sandoval, 1993; Rev. Biol. Trop., 41:675). SAN LUÍS POTOSÍ: Valles (Hinkley, 1907). TAMAULIPAS: numerous localities (Correa-Sandoval & Castro, 2002). =

TAXONOMY — Six subspecies are recognized, only one of which occurs in Mexico. =

Rabdotus (Rabdotus) pilsbryi (Ferriss, 1925)

Bulimulus pilsbryi Ferriss, 1925; Nautilus, 30: 25. Bulimulus (Rabdotus) pilsbryi (Ferriss). Pilsbry, 1946; Land Mollua of North America, 2: 20-21, figs. 10a-c (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Sanderson, Terrell Co., Texas. Holotype ANSP 175851.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Southwestern Texas, Terrell County. In Mexico this species has been collected at the following localities. CHIHUAHUA: near Coyame (29º44.5’ N, 104º54.0’ W), 1100 m alt. (FLMNH 251521); pass at NW end of Sierra Matasagnas, ca. 50 km W of Ojinaga, 9.6 km E of turn-off to Alamos on hwy, 16 ((29º02.1’ N, 104º47.6’ W), 1000 m alt. (FLMNH 317157). COAHUILA: 5 KM NW of Quatro Cienegas, 800 m slt. (FLMNH 267670); limestone hill 18.7 km E of Quatro Cienegas, 800 m alt. (FLMNH 178584); 3 km N of Quatro Cienegas, 870 m alt. (FLMNH 39968); NW foothills of the Sierra la Madera, 9.3 km SE, 14.7 km SW of Ocampo, 1200 m alt. (27º11.6’ N, 102º25.4’ W ) (FLMNH 267667); ridge 2.5 km E of Paredón, 780 m alt. (26º56.3’ N, 100º55,0’ W) (FLMNH 267692); Cerro Sesteadero 11 km S of San Miguel, 1000 m alt. (28º32.9’ N, 102º56.1’ W) (FLMNH 268362). NUEVO LEÓN: canyon 6.5 km by road N of Rinconada, 1050 m alt. (25º42.5’ N, 100º43.1’ N) (FLMNH 268303).

Rabdotus (Rabdotus) schiedeanus schiedeanus (Pfeiffer, 1841)

Bulimus schiedeanus Pfeiffer, 1841; Symbolae ad Histori Heliceorum, 1: 43. Bulimulus schiedeans (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1893; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 239; pl. 15, figs. 12-23 (shell) — Pilsbry, 1897; Man. Conch., 11: 131 — Hinkley, 1907; Nautilus, 21: 72. Bulimulus (Rabdotus) schiedeanus (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1946; Land Moll. N. Amer., 2: 16-17; figs. 7a-d (shell) — Solem, 1954: 4 — Branson & McCoy, 1963; Nautilus, 76: 105. Bulimus patriarcha W. G. Binney, 1858; Manual of North American land shells: 396; fig. 431 (shell). Bulimulus alternatus hesperius Pilsbry & Ferriss, 1924; Nautilus, 38: 40.

TYPE LOCALITIES — Bulimus schiedeanus: Mexico. Bulimus patriarcha: Buena Vista, [south of Saltillo, Coahuila]. Bulimulus alternatus hesperius: east of the Pecos at the High Bridge, Val Verde Co., Texas; holotype in the ANSP.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Texas, counties along the Rio Grande from Val Verde County to Presidio County; widely distributed but sparse in Mexico from the state of Puebla north to Chihuahua and Coahuila. CHIHUAHUA: La India, 7 mi. E of Escalón (Branson & McCoy, 1963). COAHUILA: around Saltillo (Pilsbry, 1946). DURANGO: Villa Lerdo (Pilsbry, 1946). Sierra de Tlahualilo, 25 mi. N of Tlahualilo (Solem, 1954: 4). JALISCO: Laguna de Chapala (Pilsbry, 1946). PUEBLA: Tahuacan (Pislbry, 1946). TAMAULIPAS: Tampico, in river drift (Hinkley, 1907) =

TAXONOMY — Two subspecies are recognized. Rabdotus schiedeanus pecosensis Pilsbry & Ferriss, 1906, is confined to southwest Texas.

Rabdotus (Rabdotus) fonsecanus (Haas, 1961)

Bulimulus (Rabdotus) fonsecanus Haas, 1961; Fieldiana, Zoology, 44: 20-21; fig. 11 (shell). =

TYPE LOCALITY — Gulf of Fonseca, El Salvador or Nicaragua. Holotype: FMNH 106702. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Known only from the type locality. The generic affinities of this species require further investigation.

Group of Rabdotus sFLMNHflatus

Rabdotus (Rabdotus) baileyi (Dall, 1893)

= Bulimulus (Scutalus) baileyi Dall, 1893; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.16: 640-641; pl. 71, fig. 1 (shell). Bulimulus (Orthotomium) baileyi Dall. Pilsbry, 1898; Man. Conch., 11: 145-146; pl. 19, figs. 65-67. Bulimulus baileyi Dall. Hanna, 1923; Proc. Calf. Acad. Sci., (4), 12: 487.

TYPE LOCALITY — Cabo San Lucas, Baja California Sur. Holotype in the USNM. (Doubtful locality, fide Hanna, 1923; Proc. Calf. Acad. Sci., (4), 12: 487.) =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SONORA: Guaymas; Hermosillo; Cerrro Tordilla, between Guaymas and San Marciel; Ortiz (Pilsbry, 1898).

Rabdotus (Rabdotus) ceralboensis (Hanna, 1923)

= Bulimulus ceralboensis Hanna, 1923; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 12: 490; pl. 7, fig. 11; pl. 11, figs. 2, 4 (shell). Rabdotus (Rabdotus) ceralboensis (Hanna). Emerson & Jacobson, 1964; Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 16: 327 — Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 120; text-fig. 20 (map). =

TYPE LOCALITY — West of Ranch house, Cerralvo Island, Baja California Sur. Holotype CAS 1021. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: known only from Cerralvo Island (Smith, et al, 1990).

Rabdotus (Rabdotus) chamberlini (Hanna, 1923)

= Bulimulus chamberlini Hanna, 1923; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 12: 494; pl. 8, fig. 21 (shell). Rabdotus (Leptobrysus) chamberini (Hanna). Emerson & Jacobson, 1964; Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 16: 318-319; figs. 1a-f (shell). Rabdotus (Rabdotus) chamberlini (Hanna, 1923). Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 120; text-fig. 23 (map). =

TYPE LOCALITY — San Diego Island, Baja California Sur. Holotype CAS 1023. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: known only from Isla San Diego (Smith, et al, 1990).

Rabdotus (Rabdotus) levis (Dall, 1893)

= Bulimulus xantusi var. levis Dall, 1893; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 16: 642. Bulimulus levis Dall. Dall, 1895; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 18: 5. Bulimulus (Orthotomium) levis Dall. Pilsbry, 1897: Man. Conch., 11: 140-141; pl. 19, fig. 64 (shell). Rabdotus (Rabdotus) levis (Dall). Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 120-121; text-fig. 22 (map). Bulimulus (Thaumastus) digueti Mabille, 1895.

TYPE LOCALITIES — Bulimulus levis: not specified. Bulimulus digueti: Sierra de La Victoria, Baja California Sur.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: various localities near southern tip of peninsula (Smith, et al, 1990).

Rabdotus (Rabdotus) pilula (Binney, 1861)

=

Bulimulus pilula W. G. Binney, 1881; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 332; fig. (shell).

Bulimulus (Orthotomium) pilula Binney. Pilsbry, 1897; Man. Conch., 11: 138-139; pl. 25, fig. 57 (shell). Rabdotus (Rabdotus) pilula (Binney, 1861). Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 121; text-fig. 22 (map). Bulimulus cooperi Dall, 1896; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.18: 5. Bulimulus (Orthotomium) decipiens Cooper, 1895; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. (2), 5: 164 — Dall, 1896; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.19: 358-459. =

TYPE LOCALITIES — Bulimulus pilula: Todos Santos Mission, Baja California Sur (Binney & Bland, 1869). Bulimulus decipiens: Sierra San Lazaro, Cabo San Lucas. Bulimulus cooperi: San Jose del Cabo. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: along the southern tip of the peninsula from Cabo San Lucas to San Jose del Cabo (Smith, et al, 1990).

Rabdotus (Rabdotus) sFLMNHflatus (Gould, 1859)

= Bulimus sFLMNHflatus Gould, 1859; Journal of the Boston Society of Natural History, 6: 375; pl. 14, fig. 1 (shell). Bulimulus (Orthotomium) sFLMNHflatus (Gould). Pilsbry, 1897; Man. Conch, 11: 136-137; pl. 18, figs. 38-44 (shell). Rabdotus(Rabdotus) sFLMNHflatus (Gould, 1859). Smith, Miller & Christensen, 1990: 121-122; text-fig. 23 (map). Bulimus vesicalis Gould, 1853 (not Bulimus vesicalis Pfeiffer, 1859. Bulimulus juarezi Pfeiffer, 1966; Proc. ool. Soc. London (1865): 832. Bulimulus sFLMNHflatus var. insularis Cooper, 1892; Proc. Calif Acad. Sci., (2), 3: 208, 212. Bulimulus insularis var. chinchesis Cooper, 1894; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2), 4: 140. Bulimulus (Globulus) recognitus Mabille, 1895; Bulletin de la Société Philomathique de Paris, (8), 7: 69 — Emerson & Jacobson, 1964; Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 16: 51 — Breure, 1976: 1148 (measurements of holotype).

TYPE LOCALITIES — Bulimus sFLMNHflatus: not stated. Bulimulus juarezi: Mexico; syntype in the BMNH (Breure, 1979; Zool. Verhandl. Uit. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden (168): 76). Bulimulus sFLMNHflatus var. insularis: Espiritu Santo Island, Baja California Sur. Bulimulus insularis chinchensis: El Chinche Mts., Baja California Sur. Bulimulus (Globulus) recognitus: Mexico, Baja California; lectotype in the MNHN (Breure, 1979; Zool. Verhandl. Uit. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden (168): 76). =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: numerous localities on the south end of the peninsula (Smith, et al, 1990).

Subgenus Plicolumna Cooper, 1895

= Plicolumna Cooper, 1895; Proc. Calif. Acad. Nat. Sci. (2), 5: 164 — Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 101, 122-124. =

TYPE SPECIES — Rhodea californica ramentosa Cooper, 1895. =

DISTRIBUTION — Endemic to the Cape region of Baja California Sur. =

TAXONOMY — Five species are recognized (Smith, et al, 1990). =

Rabdotus (Plicolumna) abbreviatus (Cooper, 1892)

= Columna ramentosa var. abbreviata Cooper, 1892; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2), 3: 215. Bulimulus (Plicolumna) abbreviata (Cooper). Pilsbry, 1898; Man. Conch., 11: 153; pl. 20, figs. 80, 81 (shell). Rabdotus (Plicolumna) abbreviatus (Cooper). Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 122; text-fig. 24 (map).

TYPE LOCALITY — Sierra Laguna, Baja California Sur. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: known from three localities in the Cape region (Smith, et al, 1990).

Rabdotus (Plicolumna) artemisia (Binney, 1861)

= Bulimus artemisia W. G. Binney, 1861; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila.: 33; fig. (shell). Bulimulus artemesia (Binney). Dall, 1893; Proceedings of the U.S. National Museum, 16: 642-643; pl. 72; fig. 5 (shell) — Dall, 1896: 360-363; pl. 31, fig. 6; pl. 32, fig. D (shell). Bulimulus (Plicolumna) artemisia (Binney). Pilsbry, 1898; Man. Conch., 11: 152-153; pl. 20, figs. 77-79; pl. 25, fig. 54 (shell). Rabdotus (Plicolumna) artemisia (Binney, 1861). Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 122-123; text-fig. 25 (map).

TYPE LOCALITY — Cabo San Lucas, Baja California Sur. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: Cape region of the peninsula (Smith, et al, 1990).

Rabdotus (Plicolumna) inscendens (Binney, 1861)

= Bulimus inscendens W. G. Binney, 1861; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila.: 332; fig. (shell). Bulimulus (Orthotomium) inscendens (Binney). Pilsbry, 1898; Man. Conch., 11: 150-151; pl. 20, figs. 72-74 (shell). Rabdotus (Plicolumna) inscendens (Binney). Emerson & Jacobson, 1964; Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 16: 44, 45; text-fig. 4 (reproductive anatomy) — Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 123-124; text-fig. 26 (map). =

TYPE LOCALITY — Not stated. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: numerous localities in the Cape region (Smith, et al, 1990).

Rabdotus (Plicolumna) perhirsutus Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990

= Rabdotus (Plicolumna) perhirsutus Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990, in Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth. 1990: 101-102, 124; figs. 1-3 (shell), fig. 4 (reproductive anatomy), text-fig. 25 (map). =

TYPE LOCALITY — Along Todos Santos-Cabo San Lucas road 2.2 mi. (2.2 km) N of Saucito, ca. 1500 ft. (460 m) alt. Holotype SBMNH 35110. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: known only from the vicinity of the type locality (Smith, et al, 1990).

Rabdotus (Plicolumna) ramentosus (Cooper, 1991)

Rhodea californica subsp. ? ramentosa Cooper, 1891; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., (2), 3: 102. Bulimulus (Plicolumna) ramentosus (Cooper). Pilsbry, 1898; Man. Conch., 11: 153-154; pl. 20, figs. 82-85 (shell). Rabdotus (Plicolumna) ramentosus (Cooper). Christensen & Miller, 1975: 45; fig. 7 (shell) — Smith, Miller, Christensen, & Roth, 1990: 124; text-fig. 24 (map).

TYPE LOCALITY — Mountains north of San Jose del Cabo, Baja California Sur. =

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: known from five localities in the Cape region (Smith, et al, 1990). =

Genus Spartocentrum Dall, 1895

Spartocentrum Dall, 1895; Nautilus, 9: 51 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 15 — Christensen & Miller, 1975; Nautilus, 89: 44-46. Teneritia Mabille, 1897; Bulletin de la Société Philomathique de Paris, (8), 9: 78.

TYPE SPECIES — Spartocentrum: Cylindrella irregulare Gabb, 1868. Teneritia: Berendtia digueti Mabille, 1895,

DISTRIBUTION — Endemic to the mainland of Baja California Sur and adjacent islands in the Gulf of California.

TAXONOMY — Five species are recognized.

Spartocentrum digueti (Mabille, 1895)

Bulimulus (Thaumastus) digueti Mabille, 1895; Bulletin de la Société Philomathique de Paris, (8), 7: 70. Bulimulus (Orthotomium) digueti Mabille. Pilsbry, 1898; Man. Conch., 11: 148-149. Spartocentrum digueti (Mabille). Hanna & Smith, 1968: 396 — Breure, 1978; Uitg. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden (164): 155-158; figs. 256-258 (shell) — Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 125.

TYPE LOCALITY — Plateau de San Javier, [Baja California Sur] (ca 25º50’ N, 111º30’ W). Lectotype in the MNHN (Hanna & Smith, 1968; Breure, 1978; Uitg. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden (164): 155).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: not known from a definite locality (Smith, et al, 1990).

Spartocentrum eisenianum (Pilsbry, 1900)

Coelocentrum eisenianum Pilsbry, 1900; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 52; 553,; fig. 2 (shell) — Pilsbry, 1903; Man. Conch., 15: 55-56; pl. 13, figs. 20, 21, 22; pl. 17, fig. 25 (shell). Spartocentrum eisenianum (Pilsbry). Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 125. Coelocentrum eiseni Bartsch, 1907: 119.

TYPE LOCALITY — Lower California. Holotype ANSP 77888.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: not known from a definite locality (Smith, et al, 1990).

Spartocentrum insulare (Hanna, 1923)

Coelocentrum insulare Hanna, 1923; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 12: 509-511; pl. 9, figs. 9-18 (shell); pl. 111, fig. 5 (juvenile shell). Spartocentrum insulare (Hanna). Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 125; text-fig. 28 (map). Coelocentrum oweni Hanna, 1923; 511-512; pl. 9, figs. 3-8 (shell); pl. 11, fig. 8 (juvenile shell) — Emerson & Jacobson, 1964; Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 16: 328-329.

TYPE LOCALITIES — Coelocentrum insulare: Puerto Ballandra, Carmen Island, Baja California Sur. Holotype CAS 1061. Coelocentrum oweni: Agua Grande, Isla Carmen, Baja California Sur. Holotype CAS 1055.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: Isla Carmen; Isla Montserrate; Isla Danzante; Isla Santa Catalina (Smith, et al, 1990).

Spartocentrum irregularis (Gabb, 1868)

Cylindrella (Urocoptis) irregularis Gabb, 1868: 234; pl. 16, fig. 4 (shell). Coelocentrum irregularis (Gabb). Pilsbry, 1903; Man. Conch., 15: 51; pl. 13, figs. 15, 16 (shell), pl. 17, fig. 24 (shell) — Hanna, 1923; Proc. Calf. Acad. Sci., (4), 12: 508; pl. 9, figs. 1, 2 (shell). Spartocentrum irregulare (Gabb). Breure, 1979; Zool. Verhandl. Uit. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden (168): 79 — Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 125-126; text-fig. 28 (map). Coelocentrum minorinum gabbi Pilsbry, 1900; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 551 — Pilsbry, 1903; Man. Conch., 15: 54; pl. 13, figs. 17-19 (shell). Berendtia minorina Mabille, 1895; Bulletin de la Société Philomathique de Paris, (8), 7: 70. Spartocentrum minorina (Mabille). Hanna & Smith, 1968; Proc. calif. Acad. Sci., (4), 30 — Breure, 1978; Uitg. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden (164): 158; figs. 259, 260 (shell). Coelocentrum clavigeroi Hanna, 1923; Proc. Calf. Acad. Sci., (4), 12: 512-513; pl. 9, figs. 20-30 (shell); pl. 1, fig. 6 (juvenile shell).

TYPE LOCALITIES — Cylindrella irregularis: table lands in the interior of Lower California, especially above Moleje [Mulege]; lectotype ANSP 25075 (H. B. Baker, 1963: 223). Berendtia minorina: “Au dessus de l’arroyo de Purisima”, [Baja California sur] (ca. 26º15’ N, 112º W); lectotype in the MNHN (Hanna & Smith, 1968). Coelocentrum minorinum gabbi: table lands in the interior of Lower California, especially above Moleje [Mulege]; holotype ANSP 25077a (Baker, 1963: 222). Coelocentrum clavigeroi: Agua Verde Bay, Baja California Sur; holotype CAS 1082.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: numerous localities in the central third of the peninsula (Smith, et al, 1990).

Spartocentrum vanduzeei (Hanna, 1923)

Coelocentrum vanduzeei Hanna, 1923; California Academy of Sciences, 12: 508-509; pl. 9, figs. 31-34 (shell); pl. 11, fig. 7 (juvenile shell). Spartocentrum vanduzeei (Hanna). Christensen & Miller, 1975; Nautilus,89: 44-46; text-fig. 2 (reproductive anatomy), fig. 6 (shell) — Smith, Miller, Christensen & Roth, 1990; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 47: 126-127; text-fig. 28 (map).

TYPE LOCALITY — Puerto Escondido, Baja California Sur. Holotype CAS 1085.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: Puerto Escondido; Juncalito; 1.6 km S of Chunque (Smith, et al, 1990.

Genus Simpulopsis Beck, 1838

Simpulopsis Beck, 1838; Index Molluscorum.: 100 — Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 252 — Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 212.

TYPE SPECIES — Helix (Cochlohydra) sulculosa Ferussac.

DISTRIBUTION — South America, Trinidad and eastern Mexico.

TAXONOMY — Three species occur in the study area. The taxonomic affinities of the Middle American species are uncertain.

Simpulopsis aenea Pfeiffer, 1861

Simpulopsis aenea Pfeiffer, 1861; Proc. Zool. Soc. London: 27 — Fischer & Crosse, 1877; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 580; pl. 24, figs. 12, 12a, 12b (shell) — Von Martens, 1897; 253.

Simpulopsis (Platysuccinea) aenea Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 225-226; pl. 63, figs. 58, 59, 60 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Parada, Oazaca.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — OAXACA: known only from the type locality.

Simpulopsis cumingi Pfeiffer, 1861

Simpulopsis cumingi Pfeiffer, 1861; Proc. Zool. Soc. London: 27; pl. 3, fig. 2 (shell) — Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 253 — Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 220; pl. 63, figs. 61, 62 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Mexico.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — MEXICO (?).

Simpulopsis simula (Morelet, 1951)

Bulimus simula Morelet, 1951; Test. Noviss.: 11.

Simpulopsis simula (Morelet). Fischer & Crosse, 1877; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 576; pl. 24, figs. 13, 13a (shell) — Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 252 — Pilsbry, 1899; Man. Conch., 12: 219-220; pl. 63, figs. 56, 57 (shell) — Bequaert, 1957: 221-222 — Breure, 1979; Zool. Verhandl. Uit. Rijkmuseum Nat. Hist. Leiden (168): 134.

TYPE LOCALITY — Petén, Guatemala.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — HONDURAS, Dept. Olancho: vicinity of Magua Cave, 940 m alt. (Breure, in press). GUATEMALA, Dept.Peten: known only from the type locality. Dept. Alta Verapaz: 15 km by road north of Cobán, 1050 m alt.; 3 km W of Pajál, 1130 m alt.; 11 km W of Lanquín, 1000 m alt. (Breure, in press). CHIAPAS: Ocotal [15°39’00” N, 92°00’00” W] to El Censo (on the border with Guatemala), 700-1000 m alt. (Bequaert, 1957).

Family UROCOPTIDAE Pilsbry, 1898

Subfamily EUCALODIINAE Fischer & Crosse, 1963

DISTRIBUTION — Mexico, Gatemala, Honduras and Belize.

TAXONOMY — Five genera are included in the Eucalodiinae. Archegocoptis from Hispaniola may belong here also.

Genus Eucalodium Crosse & Fischer, 1868

Eucalodium Crosse & Fischer, 1868; Jour. de Conchyl., 16: 88.

TYPE SPECIES — Pupa decollata Nyst, 1841.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — El Salvador and Guatemala north and west in México to Jalisco along the west coast and San Luís Potosí along the east coast.

TAXONOMY — Four subgenera, 24 species and 9 subspecies are recognized.

Subgenus Eucalodium Crosse & Fischer, 1868

DISTRIBUTION — Tabasco, Chiapas and Oaxaca, México; Guatemala.

TAXONOMY — Four species and five subspecies occur in the study area.

Eucalodium (Eucalodium) compactum Pilsbry, 1893

Eucalodium compactum Pilsbry, 1893. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila.: 338; pl. 14, fig. 4 — Pilsbry, 1902; Manual of Conchology, 15: 5-6; pl. 7, figs. 1-3.

TYPE LOCALITY — Tabasco, México. Holotype ANSP 63388a (H. B. Baker, 1963).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — TABASCO: known only from the type locality.

Eucalodium (Eucalodium) decollatum decollatum (Nyst, 1841)

Pupa decollata Nyst, 1841; Bulletin de l’Académie Royal de Bruxelles, 8: 345. Cylindrella decollata (Nyst). Pfeiffer, 1856; Mon. helic. viv., VIII: 421. Eucalodiun decollatum (Nyst). Fischer & Crosse, 1972; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 362; pl. 14, figs. 3-3a (shell). Cylindrella gheisbreghti Pfeiffer, 1856; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 380; pl. 36, fig. 1. Eucalodium ghiesbreghti (Pfeiffer). Crosse & Fischer, 1868; Jour. de Conchyl., 14: 88 — Fischer & Crosse, 1872; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 368; pl. 14, figs. 4-4a (shell); pl. 16, figs. 14-21 (anatomy) — Strebel, 1880; Beitrag; IV: 63; pl. 5, fig. 20 (shell); pl. 14, figs. 11-11b (shell).

Eucalodium decollatum var. gheisbreghti (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 3-4; pl. 1, fig. 1; pl. 4, fig. 9.— Thompson, 1968; Bull. Fla. State Mus., 12: 125-183; fig. 1-29.

TYPE LOCALITIES — Pupa decollata: State of Tabasco. Cylindrella gheisbreghti: Chiapas, in SE México. The type locality for both nominate taxa is here restricted to limestone hills 5 km E of Teapa, Tabasco, México.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — TABASCO: known for certain only from limestone hills immediately east of Teapa, Tabasco, México. Records for Coban and Vera Paz, Guatemala require confirmation.

Eucalodium (Eucalodium) decollatum guatemalensis Bartsch, 1906

Eucalodium decollatum guatemalensis Bartsch, 1906. Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 110; pl. 3, fig. 9.

TYPE LOCALITY — Guatemala. Holotype USNM 162307. DISTRIBUTION RECORD — GUATEMALA: known only from the type locality.

Eucalodium (Eucalodium) mexicanum mexicanum (Pfeiffer, 1860)

Cylindrella mexicanum Pfeiffer, 1860. Proc. Zool. Soc. (London): 139. Eucalodium mexicanum mexicanum (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 369-371.— Strebel, 1880; Beitrag, IV: 62; pl. 6, fig. 7; pl. 11, figs. 3 (radula), 11 (jaw), 16 (anatomy) — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 6-8; pl. 1, figs. 2-3; pl. 7, figs. 8-10.

TYPE LOCALITY — Republic of México.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — OAXACA: Juquila, Oaxaca (Fischer & Crosse, 1873). Earlier records list “Tabasco” and “Chiapas”.

TAXONOMY — Three subspecies are listed. Two were orIginally described from unlocalized sources, but they were later recorded from the same locality in Oaxaca. A third subspecies was described from Guatemala. It is unlikely that the latter is conspecific with the form(s) from Oaxaca.

Eucalodium (Eucalodium) mexicanum major Fischer & Crosse, 1873

Eucalodium mexicanum major Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I:. Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 369 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 8.

TYPE LOCALITY — Here restricted to woods between Tactíc and Tamahu, Dept. Alta Verapaz, Guatemala.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA, Dept. Alta Verapaz: woods between Tactíc and Tamahu.

Eucalodium (Eucalodium) mexicanum minor (Pfeiffer, 1860)

Cylindrella mexicanum minor Pfeiffer, 1860. Novitat. Conch., III: 435; pl. 97, figs. 16-17. Eucalodium mexicanum minor (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 370 — Strebel, 1880; Beitrag, IV: 63; pl. 5, fig. 11; pl. 11, fig. 16 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 8; pl. 17, figs. 11-14 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Not given.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — OAXACA: Juquila (Fischer & Crosse, 1873).

Eucalodium (Eucalodium) otoides Thompson, 1968

Eucalodium otoides Thompson, 1968; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 12: 180-182; figs. 29a-b.

TYPE LOCALITY — Forested ravine 3.5 mi by road S of Rayón, Chiapas; 5500 ft. alt. Holotype FLMNH 19050.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — CHIAPAS: known only from the immediate vicinity of Rayón.

Subgenus Oligostylus Pilsbry, 1895

Oligostylus Pilsbry, 1895; Nautilus, 9: 51.

TYPE SPECIES — Eucalodium blandianum Crosse & Fischer, 1868.

DISTRIBUTION — El Salvador, Guatemala and México in the states of Chiapas, Oaxaca, Veracruz, Guerrero, Michoacán and Jalisco.

TAXONOMY — Thirteen species are recognized.

Eucalodium (Oligostylus) australis Thompson, 1963

Eucalodium australis Thompson, 1963; Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 76: 22-27; pl. 1, figs. 5-5 (shell); text fig. 2 (anatomy).

TYPE LOCALITY — Hacienda Monte Cristo, Metapan, Santa Ana Province, El Salvador. Holotype SMF 161266.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — EL SALVADOR: known only from the type locality.

Eucalodium (Oligostylus) blandianum Crosse & Fischer, 1868

Eucalodium blandianum Crosse & Fischer, 1868. Jour. Conchyl., 16: 276 — Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I:; Miss. Sci. Mex., 1: 374; pl. 14, figs. 5 (shell); pl. 16, figs. 11-13 (radula) — Strebel, 1880; Beitrag, IV: 65: pl. 7, figs. 2a-k, 5 (shell); pl. 11, figs. 4, 5, 12 (shell); pl. 12, figs. 2a-o (anatomy); pl. 14, figs. 10a-b — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 9-10; pl. 5, figs. 23-26; pl. 8, fig. 21.

TYPE LOCALITY — Mountains near Orizaba, Veracruz.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — VERACRUZ: near Orizaba.

Eucalodium (Oligostylus) decurtatum (H. Adams, 1872)

Cylindrella decurtatum H. Adams, 1872; Proc. Zool. Soc. (London): 13; pl. 3, fig. 20. Eucalodium decurtatum (H. Adams). Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 385; pl. 15, figs. 5, 5a — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 15; pl. 1, fig. 5; pl. 6, figs. 27-29; pl. 8, figs. 15-16.

TYPE LOCALITY — Putla, Oaxaca.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — OAXACA: Putla.

Eucalodium (Oligostylus) grande (Pfeiffer, 1860)

Cylindrella grande Pfeiffer, 1860; Proc. Zool. Soc. (London): 139; pl. 50, fig. 3. Eucalodium grande (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 371; pl. 15, fig. 4 — Strebel, 1880; Beitrag, IV: 68; pl. 5, fig. 19 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 13-14; pl. 6, figs. 30-32, 36-37; pl. 8, fig. 20.

TYPE LOCALITY — Juquila, Oaxaca.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — OAXACA: known only from the type locality.

Eucalodium (Oligostylus) hegewischi (Bartsch, 1947)

Bulinus truncatus Pfeiffer, 1841; Symb. Hist. Helc., I: 43. (Not Bulimus truncatus Brugnoière, 1792). Cylindrella truncata Von Martens, 1865; Malak. Blätt., 12: 13. Eucalodium truncatum (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 392 — Strebel, 1880; Beitrag, IV: 73; pl. 11, fig. 8 (radula), 14 (jaw); pl. 12, fig. 3 (genitalia); pl. 13, fig. 13 (shell) — Von Martens, 1877; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 264; pl. 16, figs. 309.

Oligostylus hegewischi Bartsch, 1947; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 37: 286 — Bartsch, 1948; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 38: 350-351.

TYPE LOCALITY — Angangueo, Michoacán; type lost.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — MICHOACÁN: known from the area near Angangueo, 9000 ft. alt. (Thompson, 1968). Records of this species from Omilteme, Guerrero (Von Martens, 1897: 264) almost certainly pertain to Eucalodium mariae (Bartsch, 1947).

Eucalodium (Oligostylus) hippocastaneum Dall, 1897

Eucalodium hippocastaneum Dall, 1897; Nautilus, 11: 61 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 15-16.

TYPE LOCALITY — San Sabastian, Jalisco. Holotype USNM 186137.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — MICHOACÁN: known only from the type locality.

Eucalodium (Oligostylus) insigne Crosse & Fischer, 1872

Eucalodium insigne Crosse & Fischer, 1872; Jour. Conchyl., 22: 301 — Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: pl. 14, figs. 7, 7a — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 12-13; pl. 4, figs. 6-7.

TYPE LOCALITY — “Southern Mexico”.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Unknown.

Eucalodium (Oligostylus) mariae (Bartsch, 1947)

Oligostylus mariae Bartsch, 1947; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 37: 285-286; fig. 1.

TYPE LOCALITY — Omiltemi [Omilteme], Guerrero. Holotype USNM 543582.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: Omilteme.

Eucalodium (Oligostylus) moussonianum Crosse & Fischer, 1872

Eucalodium moussonianum Crosse & Fischer, 1872; Jour. Conchyl., 20: 225 — Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 375; pl. 14, figs. 11, 11a — Strebel, 1880; Beitrag, IV: 67; pl. 5, fig. 16; pl. 13; fig. 14.— Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 16-17; pl. 3, figs. 15-18.

TYPE LOCALITY — Not stated.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Unknown.

Eucalodium (Oligostylus) neglectum Crosse & Fischer, 1872

Eucalodium neglectum Crosse & Fischer, 1872; Jour. Conchyl., 20: 302 — Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 373; pl. 14, figs. 8, 8a — Strebel, 1880; Beitrag, IV: 67; pl. 13, fig. 15 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 17-18; pl. 3, figs. 19-20.

TYPE LOCALITY — Oaxaca.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — OAXACA: known only from the type locality.

Eucalodium (Oligostylus) splendidum (Pfeiffer, 1860)

Cylindrella splendidum Pfeiffer, 1860; Proc. Zool. Soc. London: 139; pl. 50, fig. 1. Eucalodium splendidum (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 372; pl. 15, figs. 3, 3a — Strebel, 1880; Beitrag, IV: 69; pl. 5, fig. 17 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 14; pl. 6, figs. 33-39; pl. 8, figs. 19, 23.

TYPE LOCALITY — Zacatepec, Oaxaca.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — OAXACA: known only from the type locality.

Eucalodium (Oligostylus) sumichrasti Crosse & Fischer, 1878

Eucalodium sumichrasti Crosse & Fischer, 1878; Jour. Conchyl., 26: 250 — Crosse & Fischer, 1879, 27: 46; pl. 2, fig. 2 — Fischer & Crosse, 1890; Miss. Sci. Mex., II: 665; pl. 72, figs. 1-1a — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 10-11; pl. 1, figs. 10-11.

TYPE LOCALITY — Chiapas.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — CHIAPAS: known only from the type locality.

Eucalodium (Oligostylus) walpoleanum Crosse & Fischer, 1872

Eucalodium walpoleanum Crosse & Fischer, 1872; Jour. Conchyl., 20: 75 — Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 377; pl. 14, figs. 6-6a — Strebel, 1880; Beitrag, IV: 67; pl. 7, figs. 1a-1b — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15:11-12; pl. 4, figs. 1-4; pl. 8, fig. 22 — Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 111.

TYPE LOCALITY — Woods of Palenque, Chiapas.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — CHIAPAS: Palenque. GUATEMALA: Dept. Alta Verapaz.

Subgenus Ptychocentrum Bartsch, 1943

Coelocentrum (Ptychocentrum) Bartsch, 1943; Nautilus, 56: 91-92; pl. 7, figs. 8-9.

TYPE SPECIES — Coelocentrum bourgeoisae Bartch, 1943 [=Coelocentrum (Ptychocentrum) marianum Bartsch, 1943].

DISTRIBUTION — Central Chiapas, México.

TAXONOMY — One species.

Eucalodium (Ptychocentrum) marianum (Bartsch, 1943)

Coelocentrum (Ptychocentrum) bourgeoisae Bartsch, 1943; Nautilus, 56: 91-92; pl. 7, figs. 8-9. (Not Coelocentrum bourgeoisae Pilsbry, 1939). Coelocentrum (Ptychocentrum) marianum Bartsch, 1943; Nautilus, 56: 144 — Solem, 1957; Notulae Naturae, (298): 8.

TYPE LOCALITY — Tecpatán, Chiapas. Holotype USNM 536900.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — CHIAPAS: known only from the type locality.

Subgenus Resupinata Von Martens, 1897

Resupinata Von Martens, 1897: 255.

TYPE SPECIES — Cylindrella speciosa Dunker, 1844 (Pilsbry, 1953: 134).

DISTRIBUTION — Central Veracruz, adjacent northern Oaxaca and San Luís Potosí, México.

TAXONOMY — Six species and five subspecies.

Eucalodium (Resupinata) cereum Strebel, 1880

Eucalodium cereum Strebel, 1880; Beitrag, IV: 72; pl. 6, fig. 9 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 22-23; pl. 7, figs. 4-7.

TYPE LOCALITY — San Antonio del Norte, 3 leagues east from Neolingo, on road to Misantla, Veracruz.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — VERACRUZ: known only from the type locality.

Eucalodium (Resupinata) densecostatum Strebel, 1880

Eucalodium densecostatum Strebel, 1880; Beitrag, IV: 71; pl. 6, fig. 10 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 20; pl. 1, fig. 4.

TYPE LOCALITY — Orizaba, Veracruz.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — VERACRUZ: Orizaba; Misantla (Bartsch, 1906: 111).

Eucalodium (Resupinata) deshayesianum Crosse & Fischer, 1873

Eucalodium deshayesianum Crosse & Fischer, 1872; Jour. de Conchyl., 20: 223 — Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 384; pl. 14, figs. 9-9a — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 24; pl. 2, figs. 13-14.

TYPE LOCALITY — “Southern Mexico”.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Unknown.

Eucalodium (Resupinata) edwardsianum Crosse & Fischer, 1872

Eucalodium edwardsianum Crosse & Fischer, 1872. Jour. de Conchyl., 20: 224 — Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 383; pl. 14, figs. 10-10a — Strebel, 1880; Beitrag, IV: 69; pl. 6, fig. 11; pl. 11, figs. 6, 7, 13; pl. 12, fig. 1 (anatomy) — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch.; 15: 23-24; pl. 2, figs. 8-9, 12.

TYPE LOCALITY — Cordova, Veracruz.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — VERACRUZ: Córdoba.

Eucalodium (Resupinata) ischnostele (Pilsbry, 1909)

Coelocentrum ischnostele Pilsbry, 1909; Nautilus, 22: 139. Eucalodium (Resupinata) ischnostele (Pilsbry). Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 133-134; pl. 3, figs. 1, 1a.

TYPE LOCALITY — Mecos Falls, San Luís Potosí, México. Lectotype ANSP 99487A (H. B. Baker, 1963: 223).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SAN LUÍS POTOSÍ: Mecos Falls; near Tomasopo.

Eucalodium (Resupinata) speciosum speciosum (Dunker, 1844)

Cylindrella speciosum Dunker in Phillipi, 1844; Abbild. Beschreib., I: 86. Eucalodium speciosum speciosum (Dunker). Fischer & Crosse. 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 381; pl. 15, figs. 6, 6a — Strebel, 1880; Beitrag, IV: 71; pl. 6, fig. 6 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch.; 15: 20-21; pl. 2, figs. 1-3 — Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 110. Eucalodium boucardi var. minor Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 381; pl. 15, figs. 6-6a (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Unknown.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — VERACRUZ: Córdoba; Coatpec; Cuesta de Misantla, Jalapa.

Eucalodium (Resupinata) speciosum boucardi (Pfeiffer, 1856)

Cylindrella boucardi Pfeiffer, 1856; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 321; pl. 35, fig. 1. Eucalodium boucardi (Peiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 381 — Strebel, 1880; Beitrag, IV: 70; pl. 5, fig. 15. Eucalodium speciosum boucardi (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 262 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 21-22; pl. 2, figs. 6-7; pl. 8, fig. 18.

TYPE LOCALITY — Cordova, Veracruz, México.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — VERACRUZ: Córdoba; Orizaba.

Eucalodium (Resupinata) speciosum fischeri Von Martens, 1897

Eucalodium speciosum (Dunker). Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I:: 379; pl. 15, figs. 7-7a (shell).

Eucalodium speciosum fischeri Von Martens, 1897. Biol. Cent. Amer.: 262 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch.; 15: 22; pl. 2, figs. 10-11.

TYPE LOCALITY — Chiquihuitl, Veracruz.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — VERACRUZ: Chiquihuitl.

Eucalodium (Resupinata) speciosum minimum Von Martens, 1897

Eucalodium speciosum g Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 381. Eucalodium speciosum minimum Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 262 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch. 15: 22.

TYPE LOCALITY — Cordova, Veracruz, México.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — VERACRUZ: Córdoba; Atoyac.

Eucalodium (Resupinata) speciosum strebeli Von Martens, 1897

Eucalodium boucardi form B, Strebel, 1860; Beitrag, IV: 71; pl. 5, figs. 8-9.

Eucalodium speciosum strebeli Von Martens, 1897. Biol. Cent. Amer., 262 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 22; pl. 2, figs. 4-5.

TYPE LOCALITY — Environs of Jalapa, especially about the brooks on the road to Neolingo, and Chirimoya, Veracruz.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — VERACRUZ: environs of Jalapa.

Genus Anisospira Strebel, 1880

Anisospira Strebel, 1880: 77 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 24-25 — Thompson, 1968; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 12: 142.

TYPE SPECIES — Cylindrella liebmanni Pfeiffer, 1846.

DISTRIBUTION — Known from lowland regions of Colima, Michoacán and Oaxaca, México.

TAXONOMY — Anisospira includes two subgenera, seven species and two subspecies.

Subgenus Anisospira Strebel, 1880

DISTRIBUTION — Southern Oaxaca, México.

TAXONOMY — Three species, one of which has two subspecies

Anisospira (Anisospira) dalli dalli (Von Martens, 1901)

Anisospira strebeli Dall, 1897; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 19: 353; pl. 33, figs. 7-8 (not Anisospira strebeli Pfeffer, 1887). Eucalodium dalli Von Martens, 1901; Biologia Centrali-Americana: 633 (new name for Anisospira strebeli Dall, 1897). Anisospira dalli (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 26-27; pl. 1, fig. 12; pl. 10, figs. 28-29.— Solem, 1957; Notulae naturae, (298): 5; pl. 1, fig. 6. Anisospira dalli dalli (Von Martens). Thompson, 1968; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 12: 142-147; figs.10a-f, 11-12.

TYPE LOCALITY — Huilotepéc, Oaxaca, México. Holotype USNM 107366.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — OAXACA: limestone hills west and north of Tehuantepec (Thompson, 1968).

Anisospira (Anisospira) dalli stringens Thompson, 1968

Anisospira dalli stringens Thompson, 1968; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 12: 147-148; figs. 10g-l.

TYPE LOCALITY — Hill about 0.4 mi. S of the Presa Benito Juarez on the Rio Tehuantepec, about 18 mi. NW of Tehuantepec, Oaxaca. Holotype FLMNH 19079.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — OAXACA: known only from the type locality.

Anisospira (Anisospira) liebmanni (Pfeiffer, 1846)

Cylindrella liebmanni Pfeiffer, 1846; Zeitschrift fur Malak.:1 59. Anisospira liebmani (Pfeiffer). Strebel, 1880; Beitrag, IV: 79; pl. 5, figs. 12-13; pl. 14, fig. 2 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 28-29; pl. 10, figs. 22-27; pl. 11, figs. 1-3 — Solem, 1957; Notulae Naturae, (298): 5-6; pl. 1, fig. 5 — Thompson, 1968; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 12: 133-142; figs. 1-9 (shells, anatomy, distribution). Cylindrella trochaeformis Sowerby, in Reeve, 1843; Conch. Icon., XX, pl. 9, fig. 80. Cylindrella hyalina Pfeiffer in Philippi, 1847: Abild., II; pl. 2, fig. 2. Eucalodium (Anisospira) orcutti Dall, 1910; Nautilus, 24: 34-36. Anisospira orcutti (Dall). Solem, 1957; Notulae naturae, (298): 6, pl. 1. Liocentrum wilmoti Bartsch, 1948; Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 38: 52; fig. 2.

TYPE LOCALITIES — Cylindrella liebmanni: unknown. Cylindrella trochaeformis: unknown. Cylindrella hyaline: unknown. Eucalodium (Anisospira) orcutti: Rio Verde, Oaxaca; holotype USNM 212319. Liocentrum wilmoti: along the Pan American Highway between Oaxaca and Tehuantepec, Oaxaca; holotype USNM 589051.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Southeastern OAXACA.

Anisospira (Anisospira) vonmartensi (Strebel, 1880)

Eucalodium vonmartensi Strebel, 1880; Beitrag, IV: 73-74; pl. 11, figs. 8, 14; pl. 12, fig. 3; pl. 13, fig. 13.

Anisospira vonmartensi (Strebel). Bartsch, 1947; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 37: 284-285.

TYPE LOCALITY — “México”.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Unknown.

Subgenus Trachycion Thompson, 1968

Trachycion Thompson, 1968; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 12: 148.

TYPE SPECIES — Anisospira recticosta townsendi Pilsbry & Cocherell, 1903. DISTRIBUTION.— Coastal areas of Colima, Michoacán and Oaxaca, México.

TAXONOMY — Four species, one of which has two subspecies.

Anisospira (Trachycion) hadromylla Thompson, 1968

Anisospira hadromylla Thompson, 1968; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 12: 150-152, figs. 13a-d.

TYPE LOCALITY — A small range of limestone hills along the Pacific coast 10 mi. SE of San Vicente, Michoacán, México, 200 ft. alt. Holotype FLMNH 19055.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — MICHOACÁN: known only from the type locality.

Anisospira (Trachycion) recticosta recticosta (Pfeiffer, 1847)

Cylindrella recticosta Pfeiffer, in Philippi, 1847; Abbild., 2: 48; pl. 2, fig. 3. Eucalodium recticosta (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 386; pl. 14; figs. 12-12b. Anisospira recticosta (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 299.— Pilsbry, 1903; Man. Conch., 16: pl. 11, figs. 83-84. Anisospira (Trachycion) recticosta recticosta (Pfeiffer). Thompson, 1968; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 12: 147.

TYPE LOCALITY — Unknown.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Unknown.

Anisospira (Trachycion) recticosta townsendi Pilsbry & Cockerell, 1903

Anisospira recticosta townsendi Pilsbry & Cockerell, in H. A. Pilsbry, 1902;. Man. Conch., 15: 300; pl. 63, figs. 51-55 (anatomy); vol. 16; pl. 11, figs. 85-86 (shell) — Solem, 1057; Notulae Naturae, (298): 6; pl. 1, fig. 7. Anisospira (Trachycion) recticosta townsendi Pilsbry & Cockerell. Thompson, 1968; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 12: 150.

TYPE LOCALITY — Cualata, Colima. Holotype ANSP 84385.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COLIMA: known only from the type locality.

Anisospira (Trachycion) strebeli Pfeffer, 1887

Anisospira strebeli Pfeffer, 1887. Verh. Ver. Naturw. Hamburg: 21 —- Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 29-30; pl. 10, figs. 30-34; pl. 16, fig. 4 — Solem, 1957; Notulae Naturae, (298): 5; pl. 1, figs. 3-4.

Anisospira (Trachycion) strebeli Pfeffer. Thomopson, 1968; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 12: 150 — Breure, 1977; Zoolog. Med., 51: 305; pl. 1, fig. 11.

Eucalodium strebeli (Pfeffer). Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer.:265; pl. 16, figs. 31-34.

TYPE LOCALITY — Cerro de Las Plumas, near Puerto Angel, Oaxaca.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — OAXACA: known only from the area near Puerto Angel and Pochutla.

Anisospira (Trachycion) velascorum Breure, 1977

Anisospira velascorum Breure, 1977. Zoolog. Med., 51: 301-305; figs. 1-10; pl. 1.

TYPE LOCALITY — Km 151 on the road from Pochutla to Puerto Escondido (ca. 10 km E of Puerto Escondido, Oaxaca).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — OAXACA: known only from the type locality.

Genus Coelocentrum Crosse & Fischer, 1870

Coelocentrum Crosse & Fischer, 1870; Jour. de Conchyl., 20: 302.

TYPE SPECIES — Cylindrella turris Pfeiffer, 1856.

DISTRIBUTION — From Tamaulipas and Guerrero, México SE to Guatemala.

TAXONOMY — The genus includes six subgenera, 33 species and six subspecies.

Subgenus Coelocentrum Crosse & Fischer, 1870

DISTRIBUTION — From Tamaulipas and Guerrero SE to Guatemala.

TAXONOMY — Nineteen species and six subspecies are recognized.

Coelocentrum (Coelocentrum) anconai Bartsch, 1948

Coelocentrum anconai Bartsch, 1948. Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 38: 351-352; fig. 1. TYPE LOCALITY —- Woods of Ocote, Ocozocoautla, Chiapas; holotype USNM 589052.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — CHIAPAS: known only from the type locality.

Coelocentrum (Coelocentrum) anomalum Strebel, 1880

Coelocentrum anomalum Strebel, 1880. Beitrag, IV: 59; pl. 6, fig. 8; pl. 14, fig. 5 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 35-36; pl. 9, figs. 6-7.

TYPE LOCALITY — Cobán, Departamento Alta Verapaz, Guatemala.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA: known only from the type locality.

Coelocentrum (Coelocentrum) arctispira arctispira (Pfeiffer, 1860)

Cylindrella arctispira Pfeiffer, 1860; Proc. Zool. Soc. (London): 139; pl. 50, fig. 2. Coelocentrum arctispira (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 348; pl. 15, fig. 15 — Strebel, 1880. Beitrag, IV: 58; pl. 6, fig. 4 (shell); pl. 11, fig. 9 (radula), fig. 15 (jaw); pl. 13, fig. 6 (anatomy); pl. 14, fig. 3 (shell axis). Coieocentrum arctispira arctispira (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15:: 42-43; pl. 14, figs. 33-36 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Juquila, Oaxaca.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — OAXACA: Juquila. TABASCO: Istapa, (Fischer & Crosse, 1873). REMARKS — The status of the species is uncertain, and its occurence at the given type locality needs to beverified. The identity of specimens from Istapa, Tabasco also needs verification (Pilsbry, 1902).

Coelocentrum (Coelocentrum) arctispira estefaniae Pilsbry, 1902

Coelocentrum arctispira estefaniae Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 43-44; pl. 14, figs. 28-32.

Coelocentrum actispira (Pfeiffer). Strebel, 1880; Beitrag, IV: pl. 14, fig. 3.

TYPE LOCALITY — Here restricted to Quilate, Veracruz.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — VERACRUZ: Agua Caliente; Arroyo del Banco (Strebel, 1880).

Coelocentrum (Coelocentrum) cataclines Thompson, 1968

Coelocentrum cataclines Thompson, 1968; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 12: 178-180; figs. 28a-c.

TYPE LOCALITY — Limestone knoll 15.8 mi. NW by road from Ocozocoautla, Chiapas, 2700 ft. alt.; holotype FLMNH 19031.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — CHIAPAS: known only from the type locality.

Coelocentrum (Coelocentrum) championi Von Martens, 1897

Coelocentrum championi Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 269; pl. 16, fig. 26.— Pilsbry, 1903; Man. Conch. 15: 49; pl. 7, figs. 12-15.

TYPE LOCALITY — Cerro Zuníl, [Dept. Altenango], Guatemala; syntypes in the BM(NH).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA: known only from the type locality. COMMENTS — The subgeneric status is uncertain. Pilsbry (1903) related the species to C. filicosta (s. g. Gymnocentrum) on the basis of spiral striae between the costate sculpture of the shell. This similarity seems to be superficial compared to the much more distinct spiral threads that occur in C. filicosta. There is little other similarity between the two species.

Coelocentrum (Coelocentrum) clathratum Von Martens, 1897

Coelocentrum clathratum Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 269: pl. 16, figs. 29-30 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 49-50; pl. 9, figs. 8-11.

TYPE LOCALITY — Hacienda Buena Vista, in upper Chulhuitz, Costa Cuca, western Guatemala; 3500 ft. altitude. Syntypes in the BMNH.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA: known only from the type locality. REMARKS — As with C. championi the subgeneric status of this species is uncertain. Pilsbry (1903) relates it to C. filicosta (s. g. Gymnocentrum) on the basis of spiral striae between the costate sculpture of the shell. This similarity seems to be superficial compared to the much more distinct spiral threads that occur in C. filicosta. There is little other similarity between the two species.

Coelocentrum (Coelocentrum) dispar Pilsbry, 1902

Coelocentrum dispar Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 44-45; pl. 17, figs. 16-19.

TYPE LOCALITY — Guatemala. Holotype ANSP 25079.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA: specific locality unknown.

Coelocentrum (Coelocentrum) fistulare (Morelet, 1849)

Cylindrella fistulare Morelet, 1849; Test. Noviss., 1: 10.

Coelocentrum fistulare (Morelet). Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 343; pl. 15, figs. 12-12a (shell) — Strebel, 1880; Beitrag, iv: 58; pl. 6, fig. 2; pl. 4, fig. 1a-b — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 41-42; pl. 9, figs 16-20 — Van der Schalie, 1940; Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., (413): 4 — Haas & Solem, 1960; Nautilus, 73: 131; fig. 8.

TYPE LOCALITY — Forests of Petén, Guatemala.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA: widely distributed in the Depts. Petén and Alta Verapaz, and adjacent BELIZE.

Coelocentrum (Coelocentrum) gigas Von Martens, 1897

Coelocentrum gigas Von Martens, 1897. Biol. Cent. Amer.: 267; pl. 16, figs. 27-29c — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 33-34: pl. 9, figs. 1-5.

TYPE LOCALITY — Livingston, Departamento Izabal, Guatemala. Synotypes in the BMNH.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA: known only from the type locality.

Coelocentrum (Coelocentrum) huertai Bartsch, 1947

Coelocentrum huertai Bartsch, 1947; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 37: 286-287; fig. 5.

TYPE LOCALITY — Omilteme, Guerrero; holotype USNM 543585.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: known only from the type locality.

Coelocentrum (Coelocentrum) nelsoni Dall, 1896

Coelocentrum nelsoni Dall, 1896; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 19: 352; figs. 5-6 — Thompson, 1968; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 12: 173-176; figs. 26a-e, 22g.

TYPE LOCALITY — Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas. Holotype USNM 107368.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — CHIAPAS: known only from the vicinity of Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas (Thompson, 1968).

Coelocentrum (Coelocentrum) penion Thompson & Correa-Sandoval, 1994

Coelocentrum penion Thompson & Correa-Sandoval, 1994; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36: 145-147; figs. 2-6.

TYPE LOCALITY — Sierra de Cucharas, 7 km by road west of Gómez Farías, Tamaulipas (23º03’20” N, 90º10’21”W ); 730 m alt. Holotype FLMNH 190974.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — TAMAULIPAS: known only from the type locality.

Coelocentrum (Coelocentrum) pfefferi Dall, 1896

Coelocentrum pfefferi Dall, 1896; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 19: 352; pl. 33, figs. 1-2 — Thompson, 1968; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 12: 172-173; figs. 25a-d, 22f.

TYPE LOCALITY — Ocozocoautla, Chiapas. Holotype USNM 107367.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — CHIAPAS: known only from the vicinity of the type locality.

Coelocentrum (Coelocentrum) pittieri pittieri Bartsch, 1906

Coelocentrum pittieri pittieri Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 116-117; pl. 3, fig. 7.

TYPE LOCALITY — Cave of Sakalkunta, near Senahu, Departamento Alta Verapaz, Guatemala. Holotype USNM 185492.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA: known only from the type locality.

Coelocentru (Coelocentrum) pittieri guatemalensis Bartsch, 1906

Coelocentrum pittieri guatemalensis Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 117-118; pl. 4, fig. 11.

TYPE LOCALITY — Secanquim, Departamento Alta Verapaz, Guatemala. Holotype USNM 187469.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA: known only from the type locality.

Coleocentrum (Coelocentrum) stenocion Thompson

Coleocentrum stenocion Thompson, 1968; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 12:: 167-169; figs. 23, 22e.

TYPE LOCALITY — Limestone cliff 5.6 miles NNE El Ocotito, Guerrero, 2900 ft. alt. Holotype FLMNH 19061.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: known only from the type locality.

Coelocentrum (Coelocentrum) tanydeira Thompson, 1968

Coelocentrum tanydeira Thompson, 1968; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 12: 164-176; figs. 21, 22a.

TYPE LOCALITY — Hillside 11.4 miles east of Jilitla [Xilitla], San Luís Potosí, 1100 ft. alt. Holotype FLMNH 19040.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: known only from the type locality.

Coelocentrum (Coelocentrum) tomacella tomacella (Morelet, 1849)

Cylindrella tomacella Morelet, 1849; Testacea novissima, I: 10. Coelocentrum tomacella (Morelet). Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 342; pl. 15, fig. 11 — Strebel, 1880; Beitrag, IV: 68; pl. 6, fig. 3 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 38-39; pl. 6, fig. 3. Coelocentrum tomacella tomacella (Morelet). Thompson, 1968; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 12: 171. Cylindrella moreleti Deshayes, 1851; in Ferrusac, 1851; Historie Naturel, II: 227.

TYPE LOCALITIES — Cylindrella tomacella: woods of Tabasco and in the ruins of Palenque, State of Chiapas. Cylindrella moreleti: woods of Tabasco and in the ruins of Palenque, State of Chiapas.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Northern CHIAPAS and adjacent TABASCO (Thompson, 1968: 171).

Coelocentrum (Coelocentrum) tomacella adelphion Thompson, 1968

Coelocentrum tomacella adelphion Thompson, 1968; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 12: 168-171; figs. 24a-c, 22b.

TYPE LOCALITY — Ravine 5.4 mi. N of Jitotol, Chiapas; 5400 ft. alt. Holotype FLMNH 19052.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — CHIPAS: known only from the type locality.

Coelocentrum (Coelocentrum) tomacella attenuatum (Pfeiffer, 1856)

Cylindrella attenuatum Pfeiffer, 1856; Malak. Blatt., 3: 258. Coelocentrum attenuatum (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 104. Coelocentrum attenuatum attenuatum (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 40; pl. 12, figs. 9, 10.

TYPE LOCALITY — Chiapas.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — CHIAPAS: specific locality not known.

Coelocentrum (Coelocentrum) tomacella clava (Pfeiffer, 1865)

Cylindrella clava Pfeiffer, 1865; Proc. Zool. Soc. (London): 380. Coelocentrum clava (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 346; pl. 15, fig. 14 — Strebel, 1880; Beitrag, IV: 57; pl. 5, fig. 10; pl. 14, fig. 8 — Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 270-271 Coelocentrum tomacella clava (Pfeiffer, 1865). Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 39-40; pl. 12, figs. 11-14; pl. 14, figs. 26-27 — Thompson, 1968; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 12: 171.

TYPE LOCALITY — Chiapas; here restricted to a limestone hill 2 km NE of Teapa, Tabasco.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — TABASCO: known from the immediate vicinity of Teapa (Thompson, 1968).

Coelocentrum (Coelocentrum) tomacella rFLMNHescens Von Martens, 1897

Coelocentrum clava rFLMNHescens Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 271; pl. 16, fig. 2. Coelocentrum tomacella rFLMNHescens Von Martens. Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 40; pl. 12, fig. 8.

TYPE LOCALITY — México.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Unknown.

Coelocentrum (Coelocentrum) turris (Pfeiffer, 1856)

Cylindrella turris Pfeiffer, 1856; Proc. Zool. Soc. (London): 380; pl. 36, fig. 2. Coelocentrum turris (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 345: pl. 15, fig. 13 — Strebel, 1880; Beitrag: 56; pl. 5, fig. 18; pl. 14, figs. 2a-b — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 36-37; pl. 12, figs. 1-5 — Thompson, 1968; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 12: 172.

TYPE LOCALITY — Chiapas; here restricted to limestone hills 5 km E of Teapa, Tabasco.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — CHIAPAS: viscinity of Solusuchiapa. TABASCO: vicinity of Teapa (Thompson, 1968).

Coelocentum (Coelocentrum) tyla Thompson, 1968

Coelocentum tyla Thompson, 1968; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 12: 176-178; figs. 27a-c.

TYPE LOCALITY — Ravine 8.6 mi. by road E of Chiapa de Corzo, Chiapas, México; 3100 ft. alt. Holotype FLMNH 19044.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — CHIAPAS: known only from the type locality.

Subgenus Crossostephanus Dall, 1908

Crossostephanus Dall, 1908; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 35: 177.

TYPE SPECIES — Coelocentrum palmeri Dall & Bartsch, 1908.

DISTRIBUTION — Central Tamaulipas, México.

TAXONOMY — Six species.

Coelocentrum (Crossostephanus) affinis Thompson & Correa-Sandoval, 1994

Coelocentrum affinis Thompson & Correa-Sandoval, 1994; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36: 154-156; figs. 16-19, 40.

TYPE LOCALITY — Sierra Tamalave, 7 km west-southwest of Adolfo Lopéz Mateos, Tamaulipas; 350 m alt. Holotype FLMNH 159634.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — TAMAULIPAS: known from the Sierra Tamalave in the vicinity of the type locality.

Coelocentrum (Crossostephanus) hinkleyi Pilsbry, 1909

Coelocentrum hinkleyi Pilsbry, 1909; Nautilus, 22: 138-139 — Thompson & Correa-Sandoval, 1994; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36: 153; figs. 20, 21, 33, 42-43.

TYPE LOCALITY — Highest mountain on south side of river at Mecos Falls, San Luís Potosí. Lectotype ANSP 9884a (H. B. Baker, 1963: 223).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SAN LUÍS POTOSÍ: recorded only from the type locality and San Diegito.

Coelocentrum (Crossostephanus) palmeri Dall & Bartsch, 1908

Coelocentrum palmeri Dall & Bartsch, 1908; in Dall, 1908; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 35: 177-178; pl. 29, figs. 2, 5 — Thompson & Correa-Sandoval, 1994; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 36: 162-164; figs. 38. 39, 44, 45, 49.

TYPE LOCALITY — Tamaulipas; restricted to the Sierra de Cucharas, west of Gomez Farías, Tamaulipas (Thompson & Correa-Sandoval, 1994). Holotype USNM 198083.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — TAMAULIPAS: known only from the Sierra de Cucharas, W of Gomez Farías.

Coelocentrum (Crossostephanus) paucinoda Thompson & Correa-Sandoval, 1994

Coelocentrum paucinoda Thompson & Correa-Sandoval, 1994; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36: 158-159; figs. 28-32.

TYPE LOCALITY — Limestone escarpment 3 km east of and ascending to Gómez Farías, Tamaulipas; 300 m alt. (23º01’21” N, 99º08’00” W). Holotype FLMNH 193544.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — TAMAULIPAS: known only from the vicinity of the type locality.

Coelocentrum (Crossostephanus) priosculpta Thompson & Correa-Sandoval, 1994

Coelocentrum priosculpta Thompson & Correa-Sandoval, 1994. Bul. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36: 156-158; figs. 22-27, 52.

TYPE LOCALITY — Sierra Grande, 2 km west of Santa Maria de Guadalupe, 21 km west of Ocampo, Tamaulipas; 1100 m alt. Holotype FLMNH 159672.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — TAMAULIPAS: known from the type locality and in immediately adjacent SAN LUÍS POTOSÍ

Coelocentrum (Crossostephanus) torosum Thompson & Correa-Sandoval, 1994

Coelocentrum torosum Thompson & Correa, 1994; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36: 160-162; figs. 34-37, 41.

TYPE LOCALITY — Sierra de Tamaulipas, 7 km northwest of Pirulí, Tamaulipas; 350 m alt. (23º34’27” N, 98º33’50” W). Holotype FLMNH 189695.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — TAMAULIPAS: confined to the Sierra de Tamaulipas from 50-480 m alt.

Subgenus Elasmocentrum Pilsbry, 1902

Elasmocentrum Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 49.

TYPE SPECIES — Coelocentrum exlex Pilsbry, 1902.

DISTRIBUTION — Unknown; attributed to México.

TAXONOMY — One species.

Coelocentrum (Elasmocentrum) exlex Pilsbry, 1902

Coelocentrum exlex Pilsbry, 1902. Man. Conch., 15: 50; pl. 17, figs. 20-23.

TYPE LOCALITY — México. Holotype ANSP 3938.

DISTRIBUTION — Unknown.

Subgenus Gymnocentrum Pilsbry, 1942.

Liocentrum Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 46 (non Liocentrum Karsch, 1890). Gymnocentrum Pilsbry, 1942; Nautilus, 55: 105.

TYPE SPECIES — Cylindrella filicosta Shuttleworth, 1852.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Central Veracruz, México

TAXONOMY — Two species.

Coelocentrum (Gymnocentrum) crosseanum (Pfeiffer, 1867)

Cylindrella crosseanum Pfeiffer, 1867; Jour. Conchyl., 15: 437. Eucalodium crosseanum (Pfeiffer). Crosse & Fischer, 1870; Jour. de Conchyl., 18: 22. Coelocentrum crosseanum (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse. 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 351; pl. 15, figs. 16 — Strebel, 1880; Beitrag, IV: 60; pl. 6, figs. 1, 5 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15:; 47; pl. 17, figs. 25-29.

TYPE LOCALITY — Orizaba, Veracruz.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — VERACRUZ: known from the type locality and Cuautlatitlan.

Coelocentrum (Gymnocentrum) filicosta (Shuttleworth, 1852)

Cylindrella filicosta Shuttleworth, 1852; Mittheil. der Natur. Ges. Bern: 296. Eucalodium filicosta (Shuttleworth). Crosse & Fischer, 1870; Jour. de Conchyl., 18: 22. Coelocentrum filicosta (Shuttleworth). Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 352; pl. 15, fig. 17 — Strebel, 1880; Beitrag; IV: 61; pl. 5, fig. 14 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 47-48, pl. 18, fig. 38-41 — Neubert & Gosteli, 2003: 25; pl. 5, fig. 7.

TYPE LOCALITY — Cordova, Veracruz. Syntypes Naturhistorisches Museum Bern 18863/2 (Neubert & Gosteli, 2003).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — VERACRUZ: Córdoba; Orizaba.

Subgenus Ptychodonta Bartsch, 1906

Ptychodonta Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 118.

TYPE SPECIES — Coelocentrum astrophorea Dall, 1897.

DISTRIBUTION — Central Hidalgo and eastern Querétaro, México.

TAXONOMY — Four species are recognized.

Coelocentrum (Ptychodonta) astrophorea Dall, 1897

Coelocentrum astrophorea Dall, 1897; Nautilus, 11: 62 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 45 — Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 118; figs. 5-6 — Thompson & Correa-Sandoval, 1994; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36: 148. Coelocentrum acanthophorea Von Martens, 1901; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 634 (amendment(?) for Coelocentrum astrophorea Bartsch).

TYPE LOCALITY — Encarnación, Hidalgo, México. Holotype USNM 134696.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — HIDALGO: known only from the type locality.

Coelocentrum (Ptychodonta) brachyacron Thompson & Correa-Sandoval, 1994

Coelocentrum brachyacron Thompson & Correa-Sandoval, 1994; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36: 150-152; figs. 12-15, 51.

TYPE LOCALITY — 1 km southeast of Tres Lagunas, Querétaro; 2600 m alt. Holotype FLMNH 159627.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — QUERÉTARO: known only from the vicinity of the type locality.

Coelocentrum (Ptychodonta) endolophus Pilsbry, 1953

Coelocentrum endolophus Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 134-135; pl. 3; figs. 4-5a — Thompson & Correa-Sandoval, 1994; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36: 152.

TYPE LOCALITY — Unknown; incorrectly given as “between Chilpancingo and a small town nearby called Mazatlán, Guerrero (see Thompson and Correa-Sandoval, 1994: 152). Holotype ANSP 190964.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — HIDALGO: about 10 km SSW of Jacala.

Coelocentrum (Ptychodonta) telescopium Thompson & Correa-Sandoval, 1994

Coelocentrum telescopium Thompson & Correa-Sandoval, 1994; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36: 148-150; figs. 8-11, 46, 50.

TYPE LOCALITY — 7 km southwest of El Lobo, Querétaro; 2100 m alt. Holotype FLMNH 34493.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — QUERÉTARO: known only from the type locality. .

Subgenus Schizopile Pilsbry, 1939

Schizopile Pilsbry, 1939; Nautilus, 53: 27.

TYPE SPECIES — Coelocentrum bourgeoisae Pilsbry, 1939.

DISTRIBUTION — Northwest Guerrero, México.

TAXONOMY — One species.

Coelocentrum (Schizopile) bourgeoisae Pilsbry, 1939

Coelocentrum bourgeoisae Pilsbry, 1939; Nautilus, 53: 27; pl. 7, fig. 5.

TYPE LOCALITY — Zihuatanejo, Guerrero, México. Lectotype ANSP 174058a (H. B. Baker, 1963: 221).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Known only from the type locality.

Nomina dubia associated with Coelocentrum.

Cylindrella ludersi Pfeiffer, 1859. Monographia Helicorum Viventium, IV: 721. OBSERVATIONS — Pfeiffer relates this species to other Coelocentrum known at the time. Pilsbry (1903, 15: 46) doubts that C. ludersi is a species of Coelocentrum.

Genus Dissotropis Bartsch, 1906

Dissotropis Bartsch, 1906; Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 113.

TYPE SPECIES — Anisospira (Dissotropis) stearnsi Bartsch, 1906.

DISTRIBUTION — Southwestern México in the states of Jalisco, Colima and Michoacán. Two species are reported from Mazatlán, Sinaloa, but these records need verification.

TAXONOMY — Five species are recognized.

Dissotropis amplaxis Thompson, 1968

Dissotropis amplaxis Thompson, 1968; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 12: 161-162; figs. 16c, 20a-d.

TYPE LOCALITY — A xeric hillside along the NW side of the highway from Colima to Tecoman, 1.9 mi. SW of Tecolapa, Colima. Holotype FLMNH 19764.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COLIMA: known only from the type locality.

Dissotropis blandi (Bartsch, 1906)

Anisospira (Dissotropis) blandi Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 114-115; pl. 3, fig. 3 — Solem, 1957; Notulae Naturae, (298): 7. Dissotropis blandi (Bartsch). Thompson, 1968; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 12: 154.

TYPE LOCALITY — “Near Mazatlán, Sinaloa, México”. This surely is an error. Here-in restricted to near Mazatlán, Guerrero. Holotype USNM 58055.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: known only from near Mazatlán.

Dissotropis castaneum Thompson, 1968

Dissotropis castaneum Thompson, 1968; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 12: 155-161; figs. 15a-d (shell), 16a-b (shell), 14, 17-19 (anatomy).

TYPE LOCALITY — Limesone sink-hole 6.0 mi. SW and 6.5 mi. E of Pihaumo, Jalisco. Holotype FLMNH 19758.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — JALISCO: known only from the type locality.

Dissotropis henryi (Solem, 1957)

Anisospira (Dissotropis) henryi Solem, 1957; Notulae Naturae, (298): 7-8; pl. 1, fig. 11-14. Dissotropis henryi (Solem). Thompson, 1968; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 12: 154. TYPE LOCALITY —- La Placita (= Sulatillo), Sierra de Coalcomán, Michoacán. Holotype UMMZ 185499.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — MICHOACÁN: known only from the type locality.

Dissotropis stearnsi (Bartsch, 1906)

Anisospira (Dissotropis) stearnsi Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 113-114; pl. 3, fig. 1 — Solem, 1957; Notulae Naturae, (298): 7. Dissotropis stearnsi (Bartsch). Thompson, 1968; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 12: 154.

TYPE LOCALITY — “Near Mazatlán, Sinaloa, México”. This surely is an error. Here-in restricted to near Mazatlán, Guerrero. Holotype USNM 59055b.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Known only from the type locality.

Genus Epirobia Strebel, 1880

Epirobia Strebel, 1880; Beitrag, IV: 77, 85 — Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent —Amer.: 283 — Pilsbry and Vanatta, 1898; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila.: 281 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 59-61.

TYPE SPECIES — Cylindrella polygyra Pfeiffer, 1856 (Pilsbry and Vanatta, 1898).

DISTRIBUTION — Northern Guatemala; northern Chiapas, central Veracruz and southern Nuevo León, México.

TAXONOMY — Two subgenera, eight species and two subspecies are recognized.

Subgenus Epirobia Strebel and Pfeffer, 1880

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Northern Guatemala; northern Chiapas and central Veracruz, México.

TAXONOMY — Seven species and two subspecies are recognized.

Epirobia apiostoma (Pfeiffer, 1856)

Cylindrella apiostoma Pfeiffer, 1856; Proc. Zool. Soc. London: 322 — Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 406; pl. 17, fig. 15. Holospira (Epirobia) apiostoma (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer: 283. Epirobia apiostoma (Pfeiffer). Strebel, 1880; Beitrag, IV: 88; pl. 5, fig. 6; pl. 13, fig. 11 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 63-64; pl. 20, fig. 11.

TYPE LOCALITY — Cordova, Veracruz.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — VERACRUZ: Córdoba; at entrance to cave at Cacahuatla.

Epirobia berendti berendti (Pfeiffer, 1866)

Cylindrella berendti Pfeiffer, 1866; Malak. Blätt., 8: 87 — Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 409. Epirobia berendti (Pfeiffer). Strebel, 1880: 86; pl. 13, fig. 1; pl. 14, fig. 18 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15:: 61-62; pl. 20, figs. 1-3. Holospira berendti (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 281.

TYPE LOCALITY — Toxpan [Tuxpan], on the slope to Cerro Matlaguiahuitl, near Cordova, Veracruz.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — VERACRUZ: known only from the type locality.

Epirobia berendti albida (Fischer & Crosse, 1873)

Cylindrella berendtl albida Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 409. Holospira berendti var. albida (Fischer & Crosse). Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 281. Epirobia berendti albida (Fischer & Crosse). Strebel, 1880; Beitrag, IV: 86; fig. 7 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 52.

TYPE LOCALITY — Chiapas.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — CHIAPAS: unknown.

Epirobia gassiesi (Pfeiffer, 1867)

Cylindrella gassiesi Pfeiffer, 1867; Jour. de Conchyl., 15: 438 — Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 410; pl. 17, fig. 17. Holospira (Epirobia) gassiesi (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 283. Epirobia gassiesi (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 63; pl. 20, figs. 5-7.

TYPE LOCALITY — Chiapas.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — CHIAPAS: unknown from a specific locality.

Epirobia lurida Thompson, 1976

Epirobia lurida Thompson, 1976; Nautilus, 90: 43-45; figs. 1a-b, 2b (shell), 3 (anatomy).

TYPE LOCALITY — Low rolling limestone hills 15.8 mi. northwest of Ocozocoautla on road to Mal Paso, Chiapas; 2700 ft. alt. Holotype FLMNH 22449.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — CHIAPAS: known only from the type locality.

Epirobia polygyra (Pfeiffer, 1856)

Cylindrella polygyra Pfeiffer, 1856; Proc. Zool. Soc. London: 322; pl. 35, figs. 2-3.— Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 405; pl. 17, figs. 16. Holospira (Epirobia) polygyra (Pfeiffer). Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 284. Epirobia polygyra (Pfeiffer). Strebel, 1880: 87; pl. 5, figs. 7a, 7b; pl. 13 — Pilsbry and Vanatta, 1898; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 50: 281; pl. 17, fig. 2 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 64-65; pl. 20, figs. 11, 16-19 — Bartsch, 1906: Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 120.

TYPE LOCALITY — Cordova, Veracruz.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — VERACRUZ: known only from the type locality.

Epirobia polygyrella (Von Martens, 1863)

Cylindrella polygyrella Von Martens, 1863; Proc. Zool. Soc. London: 411 — Von Martens, 1876; Jahrb. Deut. Malak. Ges., 3: 261, pl. 9, fig. 8. Epirobia morini (Von Martens). Strebel, 1880; Beitrag, IV: 87, pl. 5, fig. 3, pl. 13, fig. 4, pl. 14, figs. 15 a-c — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 65-66; pl. 20, figs. 8-10 — Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 120. Holospira (Epirobia) polygyrella (Von Martens). Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent —Amer: 284; pl. 17, figs. 1-1b.

TYPE LOCALITY — Cobán, Alta Verapáz, Guatemala.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA: known only from the type locality.

Epirobia swiftiana swiftiana (Crosse, 1863)

Cylindrella swiftiana Crosse, 1863; Jour. de Conchyl, 11: 388 — Crosse, 1867; Jour. de Conchyl, 15: 200; pl. 5, fig. 5 — Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 407; pl. 17, figs. 14. Holospira (Epirobia) swiftiana (Crosse). Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 284. Epirobia swiftiana swiftiana (Crosse). Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 62-63; pl. 20, figs. 20-22.

TYPE LOCALITY — Unknown.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Unknown.

Epirobia swiftiana alternans Thompson, 1976

Epirobia swiftiana alternans Thompson, 1976; Nautilus, 90: 41-43; figs. 1c-d, 2a.

TYPE LOCALITY — Limestone ledge along a ravine 4.5 mi. north of Jitotol, Chiapas, México; 5400 ft. alt. Holotype FLMNH 22451.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — CHIAPAS: known only from the type locality.

Subgenus Gyrocion Pilsbry, 1902

Gyrocion Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 765.

TYPE SPECIES — Epirobia (Gyrocion) mirabilis Pilsbry, 1902.

DISTRIBUTION — Southern Nuevo León, México.

TAXONOMY — Taxonomic status uncertain.

Epirobia (Gyrocion) mirabilis Pilsbry, 1902

Epirobia mirabilis Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 765-766; pl. 50, figs. 10-10a.

TYPE LOCALITY — Diente, near Monterrey, Nuevo León. Holotype ANSP 85914.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — NUEVO LEÓN: known only from the type locality. REMARKS — The holotype and paratype, which are the only known specimen, are immature. They consist only of the upper whorls of the spire. They are similar in all respects to juvenile stages of Coelocentrum and not Epirobia (Thompson, 1968; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 12: 166; figs. 22a-c).

Subfamily HOLOSPIRINAE Pilsbry, 1946

Genus Haplocion Pilsbry, 1902

Haolocion Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 89. Liostemma Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 19: 144.

TYPE SPECIES — Haplocion: Holospira pasonis Dall, 1895. Liostemma: Holospira hamiltoni Dall, 1897.

DISTRIBUTION — The typical group of species is found in Chihuahua, Coahuila and adjacent Texas. Haplocion plumbea (Roth & Megaw, 1989) is known from the Early Tertiary of Chihuahua. A small group of species from Guerrero and the State of México appear not to be closely related to the typical group.

TAXONOMY — Fourteen species are recognized. Eleven occur from Mexico.

Haplocion campoi Bartsch, 1943

Haplocion campoi Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad., Sci., 33: 56-58; fig. 7.

TYPE LOCALITY — Las Grutas, Cacahuamilpa, Guerrero. Holotype USNM 536880.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: known only from the type locality.

Haplocion coahuilensis (W. G. Binney, 1865)

Cylindrella coahuilensis W. G. Binney, 1865; Amer. Jour. Conch.., 1: 50; pl. 7, figs. 4-5. Gongylostoma coahuilensis (Binney). Tryon, 1867; Amer. Jour. Conch., 3: 312; pl. 15, fig. 29. Holospira coahuilensis (Binney). Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 334 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 91-92; pl. 23, figs. 66-69 — Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 31: 144-145 — Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 56 — Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 151. Metastoma coahuilensis (Binney). Dall, 1897; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 19: 351.

TYPE LOCALITY — Cienega Grande, Coahuila. Holotype USNM 9150.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COAHUILA: known only from the type locality.

Haplocion durangoensis Bartsch, 1906

Haplocion (Liostemma) durangoensis Bartsch, 1906: 142-143; pl. 3, fig. 8 — Pilsbry, 1953: 151 — Solem, 1954; Nautilus, 68: 4.

TYPE LOCALITY — Durango, Durango. Holotype USNM 187981.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — DURANGO: Durango; Sierra de Tlahualilo, 25 miles N of Tlahualilo, Durango.

Haplocion greggi (Drake, 1951)

Coelostemma greggi Drake, 1951; Revista Soc. Malac., 8: 40-41; pl. 6, figs. 3-4.

TYPE LOCALITY — Foothills of the Sierra de Almoloya, near Cuevo Diablo, near Salaices, Chihuahua. Holotype USNM 601628.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — CHIHUAHUA: known only from the type locality.

Haplocion hamiltoni (Dall, 1897)

Holospira (Haplostemma) hamiltoni Dall, 1897; Nautilus, 11: 38 — Dall, 1902; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 24: 501; pl. 28, figs. 2, 11. Holospira (Liostemma) hamiltoni Dall. Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 141. Holospira (Haplocion) hamiltoni Dall. Pilsbry, 1946; Land Moll. N. Amer., 2: 118; figs. 58c-d — Cheatum and Fullington, 1973; Bull. Dallas Mus. Nat. Hist., 1: 38-39; pl. 4, fig. 2.

TYPE LOCALITY — Rio Grande Mountains, Brewster Co., Texas; 3500 feet alt. Holotype USNM 107759.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Known from Brewster Co., Texas and adjacent Chihuahua. CHIHUAHUA: Rio Conchas, just above its confluence with the Rio Grande.

Haplocion mariae Bartsch, 1942

Haplocion mariae Bartsch, 1942; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 32: 187-188; fig. 2 — Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 56.

TYPE LOCALITY — Ixtapan de La Sal, México. Holotype USNM 536037.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — MÉXICO: known only from the type locality.

Haplocion mathewsoni Bartsch, 1942

Haplocion mathewsoni Bartsch, 1942. Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci.s, 32: 188; fig. 3 — Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 56. TYPOE LOCALITY — State of México. Holotype USNM 526036.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — MÉXICO: exact locality unknown.

Haplocion pasonis (Dall, 1896)

Holospira pasonis Dall, 1895; Nautilus, 8: 112. Holospira (Metastoma) pasonis Dall. Dall, 1896; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 19: 348-349; pl. 31, figs. 4-5. Holospira (Haplocion) pasonis Dall. Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 19: 144 — Pilsbry, 1917; Nautilus, 30: 125; pl. 4, fig. 5 — Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 56 — Pilsbry, 1946; Land Moll. N. Amer., II: 121; figs. 60a-d.

TYPE LOCALITY — Mule Canyon, El Paso Co., Texas; 4000 feet alt. Holotype USNM 129032.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — TEXAS: Red Mule Canyon, El Paso; Davis Mountains. CHIHUAHUA: Rio Conchos, not far above its confluence with the Rio Grande.

Haplocion semisculpta (Stearns, 1890)

Holospira semisculpta Stearns, 1890; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 13: 208; pl. 15, figs. 1, 4. Holospira (Haplocion) semisculpta Stearns. Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 91; pl. 16, figs. 3-4 — Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 19: 144. Haplocion semisculpta (Stearns). Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 56.

TYPE LOCALITY — Limestone cliffs in a canyon above San Carlos, Chihuahua. Holotype USNM 102310.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — CHIHUAHUA: known only from the type locality.

Haplocion wilmoti Bartsch, 1947

Haplocion wilmoti Bartsch, 1947. Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 37: 288; fig. 3.

TYPE LOCALITY — Mountains near Chihuahua, Chihuahua. Holotype USNM 543595.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — CHIHUAHUA: known only from the type locality.

Haplocion yucatanenisis (Bartsch, 1906).

Holospira (Liostemma) yucatanensis Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 143; pl. 3, fig. 2. Holospira (Haplocion) yucatanensis Bartsch. Pilsbry, 1952; Naurtilus, 66: 69-70 — Pilsbry, 1953: Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 151. Haplocion yucatanensis (Bartsch). Drake, 1952; Rev. Soc. Malac., 8: 131-132; figs. 1-3.

TYPE LOCALITY — Incorrectly given as Mujeres Island [Isla Mujeres], Yucatan. Holotype USNM 187980.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — TEXAS: Brewster Co., Hot Springs International Park (Pilsbry, 1952). COAHUILA: Boquillas (Drake, 1952).

Genus Coelostemma Dall, 1895

Coelostemma Dall, 1895; Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 19: 347. Megaxis Pilsbry, 1946; Land Mollusca of North America, 2: 123.

TYPE SPECIES — Coelostemma: Holospira elizabethae Pilsbry, 1889. Megaxis: Holospira fusca Von Martens, 1897.

DISTRIBUTION — MÉXICO: Oaxaca north to Colima, Coahuila and Durango. UNITED STATES: New México.

TAXONOMY — The genus includes five subgenera, thirty-four species and two subspecies.

Subgenus Coelostemma Dall, 1895

DISTRIBUTION — Oaxaca north to Colima and Coahuila.

TAXONOMY — Twenty-five species and one subspecies are recognized.

Coelostemma (Coelostemma) adana (Bartsch, 1926

Holospira (Coelostemma) adana Bartsch, 1926; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 70: 3; pl. 1, fig. 14. Coelostemma adana (Bartsch). Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 58.

TYPE LOCALITY — River drift from along the Rio Balsas, Rio Balsas Station, Guerrero. Holotype USNM 363133.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Unknown.

Coelostemma (Coelostemma) adria (Bartsch, 1926)

Holospira (Coelostemma) adria Bartsch, 1926; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 70: 2-3; pl. 1, fig. 1. Coelostemma adria (Bartsch). Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash Acad. Sci., 33: 58.

TYPE LOCALITY — River drift from along the Rio Balsas, Rio Balsas Station, Guerrero. Holotype USNM 363131.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Unknown.

Coelostemma (Coelostemma) anaclasta Thompson, 1971

Coelostemma anaclasta Thompson, 1971; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 15: 280-283.

TYPE LOCALITY — A small limestone ledge at the head of a small ravine about 300 yards west of the Colima-Manzanillo highway, 1.9 mi. NE of Tecolapa, Colima; 700 ft. alt. Holotpype FLMNH 20927.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COAHUILA: known from the area south and east of Colima.

Coelostemma (Coelostemma) anconai Bartsch, 1951

Coelostemma anconai Bartsch, 1951; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 41: 146, figs. 1, 3.

TYPE LOCALITY — Ixcatiopán, Guerrero. Holotype USNM 595019.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: known only from the type locality.

Coelostemma (Coelostemma) balesi Pilsbry 1954

Coelostemma balesi Pilsbry 1954; Nautilus, 67: 82; pl. 8, fig. 4.

TYPE LOCALITY — Km post 175, near Chilpancingo, on road to Acapulco, Guerrero. Holotype ANSP 191110.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: known only from the type locality.

Coelostemma (Coelostemma) balsasensis (Bartsch, 1926)

Holospira (Coelostemma) balsasensis Bartsch, 1926; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 70: 1-2; pl. 1, fig. 16. Coelostemma balsasensis (Bartsch). Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 58.

TYPE LOCALITY — Balsas Station, Guerrero. Holotype USNM 363129.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO. Uncertain. In the same paper Bartsch (1926) described five other species of Coelostemma and Holospira collected by C. R. Orcutt from river drift along the Rio Balsas at Balsas Station, Guerrero. It is not clear whether the type specimens of C. balsasensis also were collected from river drift or from a natural habitat at Balsas Station.

Coelostemma (Coelostemma) bartschi Pilsbry and Clapp, 1909

Holospira bartschi Pilsbry and Clapp, 1909; Nautilus, 22: 114-115; pl. 8, figs. 5-6. Haplocion bartschi (Pilsbry & Clapp). Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 56.

TYPE LOCALITY — In crevices in the limestone rock 1000 ft. above the Rio Balsas, Balsas, Guerrero. Lectotype ANSP 117441 (H. B. Baker, 1963: 221).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: known only from the type locality.

Coelostemma (Coelostemma) bembix Thompson, 1971

Coelostemma bembix Thompson, 1971; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 15: 278-280; figs. 5a-f.

TYPE LOCALITY — Limestone ledge above an old road cut along Federal Highway 95 where it crosses a tributary to the Rio Balsas, 12.6 mi. N of Zumpango del Rio, Guerrero; 2300 ft. alt. Holotype FLMNH 20901.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: known only from the type locality.

Coelostemma (Coelostemma) bourgeoisana bourgeoisana Bartsch, 1942

Coelostemma bourgeoisana Bartsch, 1942; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci.s, 32: 187; fig. 1. Coelostemma bourgeoisana bourgeoisana Bartsch, 1942. Thompson, 1971; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 15: 271.

TYPE LOCALITY — Ixtapán de la Sal, México. Holotype USNM 536885.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — MÉXICO: common on limestone terrain about the type locality; 1875-2000 m alt.

Coelostemma (Coelostemma) bourgeoisana antricola Bartsch, 1943

Coelostemma antricola Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 58; fig. 5. Coelostemma bourgeoisana antricola Bartsch. Thompson, 1971; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 15: 272.

TYPE LOCALITY — Ravine near Las Grutas, Cacahuamilpa, Guerrero. Holotype USNM 536885.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: near Taxco, and southern MÉXICO; 1275-1750 m alt.

Coelostemma (Coelostemma) chilpancingoensis Pilsbry, 1953

Coelostemma chilpancingoensis Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 158; pl. 5, figs. 2-3a.

TYPE LOCALITY — Between Chilpancingo and a small town nearby called Mazatlán, Guerrero. Holotype ANSP 190967.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: known only from the type locality.

Coelostemma (Coelostemma) dalli (Pilsbry, 1902)

Holospira (Coelostemma) dalli Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 100-101; pl. 26, figs. 28-30 — Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 149. Coelostemma dalli (Pilsbry). Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 58 — Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 157; pl. 5, figs. 1-1c. Holospira strebeliana Pilsbry, 1902; Man Conch., 15: 101-102; pl. 26, figs. 24-27.

TYPE LOCALITIES — Holospira dalli: Sierra de Guadalupe, Coahuila. Holotype ANSP 58095. Holospira srebeliana: Sierra de Guadalupe, Coahuila. Lectotype ANSP 58096a (Baker, 1963: 225).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COAHUILA: Sierra de Guadalupe; 2275-2875 m alt.

Coelostemma (Coelostemma) eclipes Thompson, 1971

Coelostemma eclipes Thompson, 1971; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 15: 276-278; figs. 1b, 4a-e.

TYPE LOCALITY — Limestone ledge 16.4 mi. N of Zumpango del Rio, Guerrero; 2300 ft. alt. Holotype FLMNH 21210.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: known only from the type locality.

Coelostemma (Coelostemma) elizabethae (Pilsbry, 1898)

Holospira (Coelostemma) elizabethae Pilsbry, 1889; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 81; pl. 3, figs. 1-5 — Dall, 1895; Nautilus, 9: 50 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 99-100; pl. 15, figs. 6-15; pl. 27, fig. 27 — Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 149. Coelostemma elizabethae (Pilsbry). Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 58.— Thompson, 1971; Bull. Fla. Stat. Mus, 15: 270; fig. 1a — Thompson, 1988; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 33: 102; figs. 52-53. Holospira claviformis Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 277; pl. 16, figs. 10-16. TYPE LOCALITLIES — Holospira elizabethae: Amula, Guerrero. Lectotype ANSP 25049a (H. B. Baker, 1963: 222). Holospira claviformis: Amula, Guerrero; syntypes in the BMNH.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: area east of Chilpancingo, between Tixtla and Chilapa, Guerrero; 1600-2000 m alt.

Coelostemma (Coelostemma) fusca (Von Martens, 1897)

Holospira fusca Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 281; pl. 16, figs. 19-24. Holospira (Haplocion) fusca (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 95-95; pl. 25, figs. 8-10, 12-14.— Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 146. Haplocion fusca (Von Martens). Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 56. Coelostemma fusca (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila, 105: 156 — Thompson, 1971; Bull. Fla. Sta. Mus., 15: 283-284 — Thompson, 1988; Bull. Fla. Stat. Mus., 30: 50-51. Holospira (Megaxis) fusca Von Martens. Pilsbry, 1946; Land Moll. N. Amer., II: 123.

TYPE LOCALITY — Omilteme, Guerrero. Syntyps in the BMNH.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: commonly distributed in the mountains east and west of Chilpancingo; 1975-2400 m alt.

Coelostemma (Coelostemma) hazelae Pilsbry, 1953

Coelostemma hazelae Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 159; pl. 5, fig. 4 — Thompson, 1971; Bull. Fla. Stat. Mus., 15: 274-276; fig. 3a-f.

TYPE LOCALITY — Between Chilpancingo and a small town nearby called Mazatlán, Guerrero. Holotype ANSP 190966.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: known from a small area near Mazatlán; 1425-1450 m alt.

Coelostemma (Coelostemma) herrerae (Bartsch, 1906).

Holospira (Coelostemma herrerae Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 150; pl. 4, fig. 14.

Coelostemma herrerae (Bartsch). Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 58.

TYPE LOCALITY — Silaca Yuapán (= Silacayoapán), Oaxaca. Holotype USNM 188180.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Known only from the type locality.

Coelostemma (Coelostemma) iqualaensis (Bartsch, 1926)

Holospira (Coelostemma) iqualaensis Bartsch, 1926; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 70: 3-4; pl. 1, fig. 12. Coelostemma igualaensis (Bartsch). Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 58 — Thompson, 1971; Bull. Fla. Stat. Mus., 15: 270-271; fig. 1f.

TYPE LOCALITY — Iquala, Guerrero. Holotype USNM 363135.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: Iquala, and the area immediately north and east; 1000-1250 m alt.

Coelostemma (Coelostemma) leucostoma Thompson, 1971

Coelostemma leucostoma Thompson, 1971; Bull. Fla. Stat. Mus., 15: 272-274; figs. 1i, 2a-f.

TYPE LOCALITY — Ruins of Xochicalco, Morelos; 4900 ft. alt. Holotype FLMNH 21145.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — MORELOS: known only from the type locality.

Coelostemma (Coelostemma) lichenophora (Bartsch, 1906)

Holospira (Coelostemma) lichenophora Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 146-147; pl. 4, fig. 7. Coelostemma lichenophora (Bartsch). Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 58. TYPE LOCLAITY — Encarnación, Hidalgo. Holotype USNM 134699.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — HIDALGO: known only from the type locality.

Coelostemma (Coelostemma) lissocentrum Pilsbry, 1953

Coelostemma lissocentrum Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 158-159; pl. 8, figs. 5-5b.

TYPE LOCALITY — Cerro Potosí, Nuevo León. 10,000 ft. alt. Holotype ANSP 190968.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SAN LUÍS POTOSÍ: Known only from the type locality.

Coelostemma (Coelostemma) microstoma (Pfeiffer, 1861)

Cylindrella microstoma Pfeiffer, 1861: 27 — Pfeiffer, 1862a: 81 — Pfeiffer, 1868: 390. Holospira microstoma (Pfeiffer). Fischer & Crosse; 1873: 337; pl. 17, figs. 9-9a — Von Martens, 1897: 287 — Pilsbry, 1902: 102-103; pl. 15, figs. 4-5. Coelostemma (?) microstoma (Pfeiffer). Bartsch, 1943: 58. Coelostemma microstoma (Pfeiffer). Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 43: 95-96; figs. 196-198. TYPE LOCALITY.— Unknown. Lectotype BMNH 1996161 (Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Unknown.

Coelostemma (Coelostemma) notogastor Thompson, 1971

Coelostemma notogastor Thompson, 1971; Bull. Fla. Stat. Mus., 15: 286-289; figs.8a-e.

TYPE LOCALITY — Limestone hill 14.2 mi. SW of Sola de Vega, Oaxaca; 6500 ft. alt. Holotype FLMNH 20910.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — OAXACA: various localities near Sola de Vega and Tlapacoyan.

Coelostemma (Coelostemma) presidioensis Bartsch, 1943

Coelostemma presidioensis Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 58-59, fig. 2.

TYPE LOCALITY — Presidio, Veracruz. Holotype USNM 536886.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — VERACRUZ: known only from the type locality.

Coelostemma (Coelostemma) richardi Thompson, 1971

Coelostemma richardi Thompson, 1971; Bull. Fla. Sta. Mus., 15: 284-286; figs. 1h, 7a-e.

TYPE LOCALITY — Limestone hillside 1.3 mi. NE of Tonalá, Oaxaca. Holotype FLMNH: 20905.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — OAXACA: known only from the type locality.

Coelostemma (Coelostemma) saltillensis Pilsbry, 1953

Coelostemma saltillensis Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 157-158; pl. 5, figs. 5-5c.

TYPE LOCALITY — Mountain on the right of the highest pass on the road from Saltillo to Diamante, Coahuila; 7900 ft. alt. Holotype ANSP 164078.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COAHUILA: known from the type locality and San Lorenzo Canyon SE of Saltillo on the Coahuila-Zacatecas Railroad.

Coelostemma (Coelostemma) scaphopleuron Thompson, 1988

Coelostemma scaphopleuron Thompson, 1988; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 33: 101-102; figs. 42-47.

TYPE LOCALITY — Limestone ridge 1.5 km. west-northwest of Colotlipa, Guerrero; 800 m alt. (17º26′ N, 99º10’W). Holotype FLMNH 93145.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUERRERO: known only from the type locality.

Subgenus Apertaxis Pilsbry, 1953

Apertaxis; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 159.

TYPE SPECIES — Coelostemma amplaxis Pilsbry, 1953 (= Epirobia coahuilensis Bartsch, 1906).

DISTRIBUTION — MÉXICO: Sierra Guadalupe, Coahuila.

TAXONOMY — One species. The generic relationships of Apertaxis remain uncertain.

Coelostemma (Apertaxis) coahuilensis (Bartsch, 1906)

Epirobia coahuilensis Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 121; pl. 4, fig. 2. Coelostemma (Apertaxis) amplaxis Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 159-160; pl. 3, figs. 3-3b.— Thompson, 1971; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 15: 298-299, fig. 9b.

TYPE LOCALITIES — Epirobia coahuilensis: Sierra Guadalupe, Coahuila. Holotype USNM 187505. Coelostemma amplaxis: Sierra Guadalupe back of the Hacienda Guadalupe, Coahuila; 7500-8000 ft. alt. Holotype ANSP 191189.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COAHUILA: known only from the Sierra Guadalupe, Coahuila; 2250-2400 m alt.

Subgenus Crycoryne Thompson, 1971

Crycoryne Thompson, 1971; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 15: 289.

TYPE SPECIES — Coelocentrum astraxis Thompson, 1971.

DISTRIBUTION — Eastern Durango.

TAXONOMY — One species.

Coelostemma (Crycoryne) astraxis Thompson, 1971

Coelostemma (Crycoryne) astraxis Thompson, 1971; Bull. Fla. Stat. Mus., 15: 289-293; figs. 9a, 10a-e.

TYPE LOCALITY — Limestone blFLMNHf 9.0 mi. south-southwest of Picardias, Durango; 4400 ft. alt. Holotype FLMNH 20903.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — DURANGO: known from a small area along the east and south edges of the Sierra El Rosario.

Subgenus Goniapex Thompson, 1988

Goniapex Thompson, 1988; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 33: 91.

TYPE SPECIES — Coelostemma pyrgonasta Thompson, 1988.

DISTRIBUTION — Southern New México; Chihuahua.

TAXONOMY — Six species.

Coelostemma (Goniapex) attenuapex Thompson, 1988

Coelostemma (Goniapex) attenuapex Thompson, 1988; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 33: 99-100; figs. 35-39.

TYPE LOCALITY — Limestone ridge 12.7 km southeast of Ciudad Camargo, Chihuahua. Holotype FLMNH 93144.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — CHIHUAHUA: known only from the type locality.

Coelostemma (Goniapex) bryantwalkeri (Pilsbry, 1917)

Holospira bryantwalkeri Pilsbry, 1917; Nautilus, 30: 125-125; pl. 4, fig. 6. Coelostemma (Goniapex) bryantwalkeri (Pilsbry). Thompson, 1988; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 30: 100; figs. 40-41.

TYPE LOCALITY — River drift along the Rio Conchas, not far above its confluence with the Rio Grande, Chihuahua. Holotype UMMZ 140145.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — CHIHUAHUA: exact locality unknown.

Coelostemma (Goniapex) freytagi Bartsch, 1950

Coelostemma freytagi Bartsch, 1950; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 40: 265; fig. 1. Coelostemma (Goniapex) freytagi Bartsch. Thompson, 1988; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 33: 95-97; figs. 22-29. Coelostemma marrsi Drake, 1951; Rev. Soc. Malac., 8: 39-40; figs. 1-2.

TYPE LOCALITIES — Coelostemma freytagi: 29 km west of Ciudad Jimenez, Chihuahua. Holotype USNM 601851. Coelostemma marrsi: Cueva Diablo, near Salaices, Chihuahua. Holotype USNM 601645.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — CHIHUAHUA: Sierra Almoloya, near Salaices, Chihuahua.

Coelostemma (Goniapex) pyrgonasta Thompson, 1988

Coelostemma (Goniapex) pyrgonasta Thompson, 1988; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 33: 92-94; figs. 3, 4, 7, 12-14.

TYPE LOCALITY — West-northwest side of Bishop’s Cap Mountain, Dona Ana County, New Mexico, 1600 m alt. (32º11’25” N, 106º36’06” W). Holotype FLMNH 93134.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — NEW MEXICO: known only from the type locality.

Coelostemma (Goniapex) reiteri Drake, 1951

Coelostemma reiteri Drake, 1951; Rev. Soc. Malac., 8: 41-42, figs. 5-6. Coelostemma (Goniapex) reiteri Drake. Thompson, 1988; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 33: 97-99; figs. 30-34.

TYPE LOCALITY — Los Remedios, Distrito Jimenez, Chihuahua (26º53′ N, 104º21′ W). Holotype USNM 601627.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — CHIHUAHUA: low limestone mountain ranges extending NW from Los Remedios to about halfway between Ciudad Jímenez and Ciudad Camargo.

Coelostemma (Goniapex) townsendi (Bartsch, 1906)

Holospira (Haplocion) townsendi Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 145-146; pl. 4, fig. 13. Haplocion townsendi Bartsch. Bartsch, 1943: 56 — Thompson, 1988: 94-95; figs. 15-21. Coelostemma (Goniapex) townsendi (Bartsch) — Thomspon, 1988; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 33: 100.

TYPE LOCALITY — Cerro Chilote, 20 km north of Ciudad Chihuahua and due east of Aldama, Chihuahua. Holotype USNM 10925.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — CHIHUAHUA: known only from the type locality.

Subgenus Styloptyx Thompson, 1971

Styloptyx Thompson, 1971; Bull. Fl. St. Mus., 15: 292.

TYPE SPECIES — Coelostemma fornax fornax Thompson, 1971.

DISTRIBUTION — A small area in eastern Durango, near Torreón, Coahuila, and extends over a NNE-SSW distance of about 80 km.

TAXONOMY — Two species and one subspecies are recognized.

Coelostemma (Styloptyx) fornax fornax Thompson, 1971

Coelostemma (Styloptyx) fornax fornax Thompson, 1971; Bull. Fla. Stat. Mus., 15: 293-296; figs. 9d, 11a-e.

TYPE LOCALITY — Limestone mountainside 2.2 mi. S of Presa Francisco Zarca, Durango; 4100 ft. alt. The Presa Francisco Zarca is a dam on the Rio Nazas about 25 mi. SSE of León Guzman, about 12 mi. NE of Pedriceta, and about 5 mi. N of the Torreon-Durango highway. Holotype FLMNH 20895.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — DURANGO: known only from a small area south of the Rio Nazas and east of the Presa Francisco Zarca.

Coelostemma (Styloptyx) fornax ix Thompson, 1971

Coelostemma (Styloptyx) fornax ix Thompson, 1971; Bull. Fla. Sta. Mus., 15: 296-299; figs. 12a-e.

TYPE LOCALITY — Limestone hillside 1.0 mi. east of Dinamita, Durango; 4200 ft. alt. Dinamita is a small village about 30 mi. NW of Torreón, Coahuila. Holotype FLMNH 20907.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — DURANGO: known only from the type locality.

Coelostemma (Styloptyx) wilmoti (Bartsch, 1951)

Holospira wilmoti Bartsch, 1951; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 41: 147; fig. 2.

TYPE LOCALITY — Cerro del Fraile, near Villa Garcia, Nuevo León. Holotype USNM 595020.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — NUEVO LEÓN: known only from the type locality.

Genus Hendersoniella Dall, 1905

Hendersonia Dall, 1905; Smithson. Misc. Coll., 45: 187 (not Hendersonia Wagner, 1905; Gastropoda, Prosobranchia). Hendersoniella Dall, 1905; Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 18: 189.

TYPE SPECIES — Hendersonia palmeri Dall, 1905.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — States of Nuevo León and San Luís Potosí.

TAXONOMY — Three species and one subspecies are recognized.

Hendersoniella christmani Thompson & Correa-Sandoval, 1994

Hendersoniella christmani Thompson & Correa-Sandoval, 1994; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36: 14-17; figs. 15, 19, 20, 30-34.

TYPE LOCALITY — Limestone hillside on south side of Arroyo San Juan, 2.5 km WNW of La Cienega, Municipio Santiago, Nuevo Neón, 1350 m alt. (25º22’34” N, 100º14’55” N). Holotype FLMNH 166309.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — NUEVO LEÓN: known only from the vicinity of the type locality.

Hendersoniella lux lux Thompson & Correa-Sandoval, 1994

Hendersoniella lux lux Thompson & Correa-Sandoval, 1994; Bull. Fla. Mus, Nat. Hist., 36: 11-12; figs. 7, 12, 22, 23-26.

TYPE LOCALITY — San Luís Potosí, Valle de Las Fantasmas, 22 km west of Santa Catarina (22º03.34’ N, 100º33.16’ W). Holotype FLMNH 165719.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SAN LUÍS POTOSÍ: known only from the vicinity of the type locality.

Hendersoniella lux chonomphix Thompson & Correa-Sandoval, 1994

Hendersoniella lux chonomphix Thompson & Correa-Sandoval, 1994; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36: 13-14; figs. 13, 18, 27-29.

TYPE LOCALITY — Valle de las Fantasmas, hillside 15.5 km W of Santa Catarina, San Luís Potosí, 1770 m alt. (22º04’01” N, 100º31’44” W). Holotype FLMNH 166310.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SAN LUÍS POTOSÍ: known only from the type locality.

Hendersoniella palmeri (Dall, 1905)

Hendersonia palmeri Dall, 1905; Smiths. Misc. Coll., 48: 187-190; pl. 48, figs. 1-4.

Hendersoniella palmeri (Dall, 1905). Dall, 1905; Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 18: 189 — Thompson & Correa-Sandoval, 1994; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 36: 8-11; figs. 5-11, 16, 21.

Hendersoniella palmeri simplex Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 160.

TYPE LOCALITIES — Hendersonia palmeri: Alvaréz Mountains, San Luís Potosí. Holotype USNM 110385. Hendersoniella pameri simplex: in crevices and under stones north of the railroad station, Alvaréz, San Luís Potosí. Holotype ANSP 164312.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SAN LUÍS POTOSÍ: known only from the immediate vicinity of Alvaréz, San Luís Potosí.

Genus Holospira Von Martens, 1860

Acera Albers, 1850. (Not Acera Cuvier, 1810).

Holospira Von Martens; in Albers, 1860: 209 — Thompson, 1998: 87-89 — Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 43: 66.

TYPE SPECIES — Cylindrella golfussi Menke, 1847, not Cylindrella piloceri Pfeiffer, 1841 (OPINION 1932; International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature; Opinion 1932: 206-207).

DISTRIBUTION — Oaxaca north and west to Arizona, New México and Texas.

TAXONOMY — Seven subgenera, seventy-four species and eleven subspecies occur in México. An additional subgenus, Haplostemma, occurs in the United States, Coahuila and Chihuahua (Thompson, 1971, 1974).

Subgenus Holospira Von Martens, 1860

SYNONYMS — Eudistemma Dall, 1895. Type species Holospira bilamellata Dall, 1895. Distomospira Dall, 1895. Type species: Holospira arizonensis Stearns, 1890. Tristemma Bartsch, 1906. Type species: Holospira ferrissi Pilsbry, 1905 (non Tristemma Brandt, 1835, Coleoptera). Malinchia Bartsch, 1945. Type species: Holospira ferrissi Pilsbry, 1905.

DISTRIBUTION — From Oaxaca, Puebla, adjacent Veracruz and Guerrero north to Arizona, New México and Texas.

TAXONOMY — Fourty-seven species and one subspecies currently are recognized in México. Additional species occur in Texas, New México and Arizona.

Holospira (Holospira) acanthidia Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005

Holospira acanthidia Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 43: 68-69; figs. 11-16. TYPE LOCALITY.— Puebla, limestone blFLMNHf 6.3 km northwest of Tehuacán; 1750 m altitude. Holotype: FLMNH 34377.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PUIEBLA: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) aguerreverei Hanna and Hertlein, 1929

Holospira aguerreverei Hanna and Hertlein, 1929; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci., 18: 219-220; pl. 24, figs. 5-6 (shell). Holospira (Haplocion) aguerreverei Hanna & Hertline. Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 151.

TYPE LOCALITY — On the road to Paredon, 16 km north of Ramos Arizpe. Holotype California Academy Science.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COAHUILA: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) albertoi Bartsch, 1947

Holospira albertoi Bartsch, 1947; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 37: 141-142; fig. 1 (shell) — Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 43: 71-72; figs. 40-44.

TYPE LOCALITY — Steep west bank of gully on SE lower flank of Cerro Chimeco, near Petlalcingo, Puebla, very close to the Oaxaca border along the Pan American Highway; 1400-1500 m alt. Holotype USNM 543495.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PUEBLA: known only from the immediate vicinity of the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) amalthea Bartsch, 1926

Holospira amalthea Bartsch, 1926; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 70: 9-10; pl. 1, fig. 13 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Monterey, Nuevo León. Holotype USNM 363140.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — NUEVO LEÓN: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) andromeda Bartsch, 1926

Holospira andromeda Bartsch, 1926; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 70: 7-8; pl. 1, fig. 8 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Not stated. Holotype USNM 363138.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Unknown.

Holospira (Holospira) arellanoi (Bartsch, 1945)

Malinchia arellanoi Bartsch, 1945; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 35: 94; fig. 6 (shell). Holospira arellanoi (Bartsch). Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 141.

TYPE LOCALITY — Limestone hill 10-30 km north-northeast of Cadereyta, Querétaro. Holotype USNM 431959.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — QUERÉTARO: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) aurantiaca Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005

Holospira aurantiaca Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 43: 83-85; Figs. 130-136. TYPE LOCALITY.— Puebla, limestone canyon 2 km southeast of Tecamachalco, 2140 m alt. (18º51.4’ N, 97º42.0’ W). Holotype: FLMNH 190756.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Known only from the immediate vicinity of the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) bachia Bartsch, 1926.

Holospira bachia Bartsch, 1926; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 70: pl. 1, fig. 10.

TYPE LOCALITY — River drift along the Rio Balsas, Rio Balsas Station, Guerrero. Holotype USNM 363152.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Unknown.

Holospira (Holospira) catorceana Pilsbry, 1953

Holospira catorceana Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 142-142; pl. 8, figs. 2-2b (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Catorce Mountains, near the top of the northward slope facing Santana [Potero], San Luís Potosí. Holotype ANSP 164197.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SAN LUÍS POTOSÍ: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) colymis Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005

Holospira colymis Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist, 43: 86-87; figs. 145-150.

TYPE LOCALITY.— Puebla, a limestone hillside 13.5 km west southwest of San Bartola Teontepec, 2120 m alt. (18º26’03” N, 97º36’42” W). Holotype: FLMNH 200782.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PUEBLA: known only from the vicinity of the type locality; the north facing slope of a limestone hill about 7 km by road N of Los Reyes Metzontla, 1800 m alt. (18º15’46” N, 97º30’22” W).

Holospira (Holospira) cyclostoma Pilsbry, 1953

Holospira cyclostoma Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 148-149; pl. 8, figs. 1-1b.

TYPE LOCALITY — Drift in the Rio Gochico, about 7 km from San Bernardo, Sonora; 900 ft. alt. Holotype ANSP 166411.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SONORA; not known for certain. This species has been collected from stream drift at the type locality and at San Blás, Sinaloa.

Holospira (Holospira) denserpens Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005

Holospira denserpens Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist, 43: 82-83; figs. 123-129. TYPE LOCALITY.— Puebla, a limestone hill 1 km east of Azumbilla, 23 km north of Tehuacán, 2150 m alt. (18º37.2’ N, 97º23.4’ W). Holotype FLMNH 190783.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PUEBLA: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) eburnea Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005

Holospira eburnea Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist, 43: 74-75; figs. 60-66. TYPE LOCALITY.— Puebla, limestone hill-top 7.6 km south-southwest of Molcaxac, 2040 m alt. (18º40.1’ N, 97º54.2’ W). Holotype: FLMNH 34294.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PUEBLA: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) fortisculpta Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005

Holospira fortisculpta Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 43: 87-88; figs. 151-158. TYPE LOCALITY.— Puebla, 5 km northwest of Atenco, 2650 m alt. Holotype: FLMNH 34293.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Known from the vicinity of the type locality. PUEBLA: limestone ridge 1 km SW of Coyotepec, 2400 m (19º01.2’ N, 97º34.l’ W) (FLMNH 369834); box canyon 2 km NW, 1.3 km W of Coyotepec, 2450 m (19º02.5’ N, 97º37.0’ W) (FLMNH 369836); limestone ridge 2 km NW of Coyotepec, 2400 m (19º05.2’ N, 97º36.1’ W) (FLMNH 369838).

Holospira (Holospira) goniostoma (Pfeiffer, 1856)

Cylindrella goniostoma Pfeiffer, 1856; Malak. Blätt., 3: 47. Holosira goniostoma (Pfeiffer) — Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 328; pl. 17, fig. 4 — Strebel, 1880; Beitrag, IV: 84; pl. 14, figs. 6-6c — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 77-79; pl. 21, figs. 36-41 — Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005: 67-68; figs. 2-7.

TYPE LOCALITY — “México”. Lectotype BMNH 1996153 (Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005: 68).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Unknown.

Holospira (Holospira) haploplax Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005

Holospira haploplax Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 43: 88-89; figs. 159-164. TYPE LOCALITY.— Puebla, 12.3 km east of Cd. Puebla, 2525 m alt. Holotype FLMNH 34381.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PUEBLA: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) hinkleyi Pilsbry, 1907

Holospira hinkleyi Pilsbry, 1907; Nautilus, 21: 27-28 — Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 148; pl. 6, figs. 4-4b (shell) — Correa-Sandoval, Gutiérrez & Reza, 1998; Acta Zool.Mex., (73):: 16.

TYPE LOCALITY — El Abra, San Luís Potosí. Holotype in the ANSP.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — East-central SAN LUÍS POTOSÍ: Cascadas Micos (Sierra Colmena), 240 m alt. (22°06’35” N, 99°09’44” W); Las Cascadas, Tamasopo (21°56’05” N, 99°25’00” W) (Correa-Sandoval, et al, 1998).

Holospira (Holospira) hogeana Von Martens, 1897

Holospira teres hogeana Von Martens, 1897. Biol. Cent. Amer.: 280; pl. 16, fig. 17 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 105; pl. 23, fig. 71. Holospira hogeana Von Martens. Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 43: 76-78; figs. 76-85.

TYPE LOCALITY — Maltrate, Veracruz, 2299 m alt. [18°48′ N, 97°16′ W], on the railway between Veracruz [City] and the City of Mexico, a little west of Orizaba, eastern slope of the plateau. Lectotype BMNH 1901.6.22.1903 (Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005: 77).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PUEBLA: 1 km NE of Chapulco, 1940 m alt. 1.5 km NNE Chapulco, 1900 m alt.; 3 km NNE Chapulco, 1940 m alt.; 4 km NNE Chapulco, 1940 m alt.; 5 km NE of San Martin Esperillo, 2430 m alt. (18º45’11” N, 97º31’36” W); limestone hill 1 km E of Azumbilla, 23 km N of Tehuacán, 2150 m alt. (18º37’23” N, 97º23’35” W); 1.5 km WNW Azumbilla, 2400 m alt. (FLMNH 34288); 3 km NW Azumbilla, 2100 m alt. (18º39’21” N, 97º24’37” W); Cerro San Juanico, 4 km E of Azumbilla, 1800 m alt. (18º39’49” N, 97º28’19” W); 2 km N of Tecamachalco, 2300 m alt.; 2 km SE of Tecamachalco, 2140 m alt.; 3.7 km SE of Tecamachalco, 2300 m alt.; limestone escarpment 23 km W of the Puebla-Veracruz state line, 10 km E of Esperanza, 2350 m alt. (ca. 18º50’ N, 97º25’ W). VERACRUZ: 20 km WSW of Ciudad Mendoza, 1750 m alt. (Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005).

Holospira (Holospira) hyperia Bartsch, 1926

Holospira hyperia Bartsch, 1926; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 70: 6; pl. 1, fig. 15 (shell) — Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 141 — Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 43: 74; figs. 57-59.

TYPE LOCALITY — Esperanza, Puebla. Holotype USNM 363146.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PUEBLA: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) infanta Bartsch, 1906

Holospira infanta Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 129-130; pl. 3, fig. 4.

TYPE LOCALITY — Sierra Guadalupe, Coahuila. Holotype USNM 187650.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COAHUILA: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) kriegeri Drake, 1950

Holospira kriegeri Drake, 1950; Nautilus, 64: 51-53; pl. 4, fig. 9.

TYPE LOCALITY — Cañon del Diablo, Sierra de Tamaulipas, Tamaulipas. Holotype USNM 601629).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — TAMAULIPAS: known only from the type locality. The type specimens were collected from an archeological cave deposit, the exact locality of which is not given in Drake (1950). MacNeish (1947: 2) vaguely indicates by map that the locality is along the Arroyo Las Palmas, due south of Soto La Marina.

Holospira (Holospira) maxwelli Pilsbry, 1953

Holospira maxwelli Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 143; pl. 9, fig. 4 — Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 43: 68; figs. 8-10.

TYPE LOCALITY — Beyond Terote [Perote], near Cordova, Veracruz.. Holotype ANSP 191105.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — VERACRUZ: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) melea Bartsch, 1926

Holospira melea Bartsch, 1926; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 70: 5; pl. 1, fig. 11 — Pilsbry, 1953: 141 — Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 43: 73-74; figs. 53-56.

TYPE LOCALITY — Ixcaquixtla, Puebla. Holotype ANSP 191105.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PUEBLA: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) mexicana Bartsch, 1906

Holospira mexicana Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 127-128; pl. 4, fig. 9.

TYPE LOCALITY — “Southwestern México”. Holotype USNM 73987.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Unknown.

Holospira (Holospira) mitraensis Bartsch, 1926

Holospira mitraensis Bartsch, 1926; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 70: 10-11; pl. 1, fig. 9 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — La Mitra Mountain, Monterrey, Nuevo León. Holotype USNM 363142.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — NUEVO LEÓN: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) monclovana Bartsch, 1925

Holospira monclovana Bartsch, 1925; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 67: 2-3; pl. 1, figs. 1-2.

TYPE LOCALITY — East of Monclova, Coahuila. Holotype USNM 361962.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COAHUILA: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) nelsoni Pilsbry, 1902

Holospira nelsoni Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 79-80; pl. 22, figs. 42-44 (shell), pl. 27, fig. 40 (jaw), pl. 27, figs. 33-34 (reproductive anatomy).

TYPE LOCALITY — Sierra Guadalupe, Coahuila. Holotype in the ANSP.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COAHUILA: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) oaxacana Bartsch, 1906

Holospira oaxacana Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 132-133; pl. 4, fig. 5 (shell) — Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 43: 80-81; figs. 106-109 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Tomellín, Oaxaca. Lectotype USNM 175085 (Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005: 80).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — OAXACA: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) orcutti Bartsch, 1925

Holospira orcutti Bartsch, 1925; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 67: 1-2; pl. 1, figs. 5-6.

TYPE LOCALITY — A limestone paredon at Coahuila. This is ammended here-in to Paredon, Coahuila. Holotype USNM 361961.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COAHUILA: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) painteri Bartsch, 1906

Holospira painteri Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 130-131; pl. 3, fig. 5 — Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 43: 82; figs. 117-122.

TYPE LOCALITY — Tehuacán, Puebla. Holotype USNM 187675.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PUEBLA: known only from the type locality.

Holosira (Holospira) palmeri Bartsch, 1906

Holosira palmeri Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 128-129; pl. 4, fig. 6 — Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 147-148; pl. 6, figs. 1-3a. Holospira alvarezensis Bartsch, 1926; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 70: 6-7; pl. 1, fig. 7 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITIES — Holospira palmeri: Alvarez Mountains, San Luís Potosí; holotype USNM 100388. Holospira alvarezensis: Alvarez, San Luís Potosí; holotype USNM 36316.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SAN LUÍS POTOSÍ: known only from the immediate vicinity of the type localities.

Holospira (Holospira) pedroana pedroana Bartsch, 1926

Holospira pedroana pedroana Bartsch, 1926; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 70: 9; pl. 1, fig. 3 (shell) — Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 143-145; pl. 7, figs. 1-3 (shell). Holospira creightoni Bartsch, 1926; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 70: 8-9, 12; pl. 1, fig. 4 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITIES — Holospira pedroana pedroana: hills north of San Pedron, San Luís Potosí; holotype USNM 362176. Holospira creightoni: hill east of San Pedro, San Luís Potosí; holotype USNM 326178.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SAN LUÍS POTOSÍ: known from the vicinity of the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) pedroana laevissima Pilsbry, 1953

Holospira pedroana laevissima Pilsbry, 1953. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 145-146; pl. 7, 4-4d (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Hill southeast of the reservoir east of San Pedro, up to about 7100 feet on slope facing east and north, San Luís Potosí. Holotype ANSP 164377.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SAN LUÍS POTOSÍ: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) pfeifferi (Menke, 1847)

Cylindrella pfeifferi Menke, 1847; Zeitsch. fùr Malak., 4: 1. Holospira pfeifferi (Menke). Strebel, 1880; Bietrag, IV: 84; pl. 13, fig. 12 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 80-81; pl. 22, figs. 49-51 — Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 43: 79-80; figs. 101-105.

TYPE LOCALITY — Tehuacán, Puebla. Lectotype BMNH 1996134 (Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005: 80).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PUEBLA: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) picta Bartsch, 1925

Holospira picta Bartsch, 1925; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 67: 3-5, pl. 1, figs. 3-4 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — East of Monclova, Coahuila; holotype USNM 361964.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COAHUILA: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) politecnica (Bartsch, 1945)

Malinchia politecnica Bartsch, 1945; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci.,, 35: 94; fig. 4 (shell). Holospira politecnica (Bartsch). Pilsbry, 1953: Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 141.

TYPE LOCALITY — 10-30 km north-northwest of Cadereyte, Querétaro. Holotype USNM 341961.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — QUERÉTARO: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) queretaroensis (Bartsch, 1945)

Malinchia queretaroensis Bartsch, 1945; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 35: 94-95; fig. 3 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Limestone hill 10-30 km north-northwest of Cadereyte, Querétaro. Holotype USNM 431963.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — QUERÉTARO: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) rehderi Bartsch, 1947

Holospira rehderi Bartsch, 1947; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 37: 287-288; fig. 2 (shell).– Thompson and Mihalcik, 2005; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 43: 69-71; figs. 1, 17-39. Holospira morelosensis Bartsch, 1947; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 37: 288; fig. 4 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITIES — Holospira rehderi: Chietla, Puebla; holotype USNM 543589. Holospira morelosensis: Tlaquiltenango, Morelos; holotype USNM 543591.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Known from a broad area in eastern Morelos and adjacent Puebla and Oaxaca, from 1000-2100 m alt. MORELOS: 7.2 km SSW of Ticumán, 1033 m alt.; limestone ridge 2 km NW of Nopalera, 1200 m alt. (18º48’35” N, 99º03’55” W); 7 km W of Jojutla, 1033 m alt. PUEBLA: 5 km SSE of Izucar de Matamoros, 1340 m alt. (18º32’34” N, 98º 25’40” W); microwave tower hill 12.5 km SE of Izucar de Matamoros, 1450 m alt. (18º31’16” N, 98º24’59” W); 12.6 km SSE of Izucar de Matamoros, 1700 m alt.; 13 km SE of Izucar de Matamoros, 1475 m alt. OAXACA: 2.7 km W of Teposcolula, 2100 m alt. (17º30’22” N, 97º29’50” W); limestone hill 7 km E of Teposcolula, km Post 7, 2160 m alt.; 2 km NE of Tonalá, 1540 m alt.; 13.4 km NE of Tonalá, 2060 m alt.; 13.5 km N of Tonalá, 2090 m alt.

Holospira (Holospira) rhinion Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005

Holospira rhinion Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 43: 81-82; figs. 110-116. TYPE LOCALITY.— Puebla, a limestone hillside on the west side of Federal Highway 131, 15 km southeast of Tehuacán; 1540 m altitude. Holotype FLMNH 34375.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PUEBLA: known only from the immediate vicinity of the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) scololaema Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005

Holospira scololaema Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 43: 85-86; figs. 137-144.

TYPE LOCALITY.— Puebla, a limestone mountain side 1 km northeast of Yehualtepec; 2340 m alt. Holotype FLMNH 34289.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) stenopylis Pilsbry, 1953

Holospira stenopylis Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 146-147; pl. 8, figs. 3-3b (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Slopes on the north side of the valley northeast of San Pedro, San Luís Potosí. Holotype ANSP 164376.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SAN LUÍS POTOSÍ: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) temeroso Pilsbry, 1953

Holospira temeroso Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 141-142; pl. 4, figs. 5-5a (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Temeroso, Concepción del Oro Mountain, on the trail up from Aranzaza, Zacatecas; 9250 feet alt. Holotype ANSP 164131.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — ZACATECAS: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) teotitlana Bartsch, 1945

Holospira teotitlana teotitlana Bartsch, 1945; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 35: 92-92; fig. 2 (shell). Holospira teotitlana filia Bartsch, 1945; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 35: 93-95; fig. 1 (shell). Holospira teotitlana Bartsch. Thompson & Mihalcik; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 43, 2005: 78-79; figs. 86-100.

TYPE LOCALITIES — Holospira teotitlana teotitlana: foothills of Cerro Blanco (Cerro de Tizatepec) at Teotitlán del Camino, Oaxaca; holotype USNM 431954. Holospira teotitlana filia: Cerro Tizatepec, near Ignacio Mejia, Oaxaca; holotype USNM 431957.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Eastern Puebla and adjacent Oaxaca in the Tehuacán – Tomellín Valley, at 790-950 meters altitude. PUEBLA: 10.7 km N of Teotitlán del Camino, 950 m alt. ; 2.5 km N of Teotitlán del Camino; 10 km NW of Coxcatlán, 880 m alt; 11.5 km SSE of Coxcatlán. OAXACA: 2.7 km S, 1.5 km W of Teotitán del Camino, 810 m alt. (18º06.3’ N, 97º05.2’ W); 8 km S of Teotilán del Camino, 910 alt. (18º05.2’ N. 97º04.6’ W); 2.5 km N of San Juan de Los Cues, 850 m alt. (18º03.9’ N, 97º04.1” W); 1.3 km N of San Juan de Los Cues (18º03.3’ N. 97º04.4’ W).

Holospira (Holospira) teres (Menke, 1847)

Cylindrella teres Menke, 1847; Zeitschrift fùr Malakologische, 4: 1 — Philippi, 1848; Abbild., iii: 3; figs. 5, 6 — Pfeiffer, 1848; Monogr. Helic. viv., ii: 381 — Pfeiffer, Conchyl. Cab.: 59; pl. 6, figs. 28, 29. Holospira teres (Menke). Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 327-328 — Von Martens, 1897, Biol. Cent. Amer: 279; pl. 17, fig. 3 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 104-105; pl. 15, figs. 18-20 — Haas, 1933; Archiv f. Molluskenkunde, 65: 271 — Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 58 — Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 43: 75-76; figs. 67-75. Holospira teres minor Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent —Amer.: 278.

TYPE LOCALITY — State of Puebla. Lectotype SMF 7023 (Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005: 75).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Unknown.

Holospira (Holospira) tetralasma Pilsbry, 1902

Holospira tetralasm Pilsbry, 1902. Manual of Conchology, 15: 73-75; pl. 21, figs. 23-27 (shell) — Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 43: 79.

TYPE LOCALITY — “México”. Holotype in the Pfeiffer-Dohrn Collection.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Unknown.

Holospira (Holospira) topochicoana Bartsch, 1926

Holospira topochicoana Bartsch, 1926; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 70: 12-13; pl. 1, fig. 5 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Topochico Mountain, Monterey, Nuevo León. Holotype USNM 363143.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — NUEVO LEÓN: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Holospira) torrei Pilsbry, 1935

Holospira torrei Pilsbry, 1935. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 87: 2; pl. 1, fig. 4 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — “México”. Holotype USNM 363143.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Unknown.

Holospira (Holospira) zygoptyx Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005

Holospira zygoptyx Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 43: 72-73; figs. 45-52. TYPE LOCALITY.— Puebla, 1.0 km by road south of San Antonia Texcala, 2000 m alt. (18˚22’42” N, 97˚27’16” W). Holotype: FLMNH 190771.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PUEBLA: known only from the type locality.

Subgenus Allocoryphe Pilsbry, 1946

Allocoryphe Pilsbry, 1946; Land Moll. N. Amer., 2: 123.

TYPE SPECIES — Holospira minima Von Martens, 1897.

DISTRIBUTION — Central Sonora.

TAXONOMY — Two species are recognized.

Holospira (Allocoryphe) guaymasensis (Bartsch, 1943)

Haplocion guaymasensis Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 56; fig. 1. Holospira (Allocoryphe) guaymasensis (Bartsch). Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 152.

TYPE LOCALITY — Guaymas, Sonora; holotype USNM 536883.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SONORA: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Allocoryphe) minima Von Martens, 1897

Holospira pfeifferi var. minima Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 280; pl. 16, fig. 18. Holospira pfeifferi var. percostata Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 95; pl. 24, figs. 5-6, 8-9. Haplocion minima Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 56. Holospira (Allocoryphe) minima Von Martens. Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 156; pl. 9, figs. 1-1c — Pilsbry, 1946; Land Moll. N. Amer., II: 123 — Thompson, 1988; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 33: 92; figs. 5-6, 9-11 — Gilbertson, 1989; Veliger, 32: 93-94; fig. 3 (reproductive anatomy) — Gilbertson, 1993: 71-72, 77-78; figs. 2a (shell), 3a (reproductive anatomy) — Gilbertson, 1993; Amer. Malac. Bull., 10: 71-72, 77-78; figs. 2a (shell), 3a (reproductive anatomy).

TYPE LOCALITIES — Holospira pfiefferi var. minima: “México”. Holospira minima var. percostata: N.W. México. Holotype in the ANSP.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SONORA: immediate vicinity of Hermosilla.

Subgenus Bostrichocentrum Strebel, 1880

Bostrichocentrum Strebel, 1880: 80-81.

TYPE SPECIES — Cylindrella tryoni Pfeiffer, 1867.

DISTRIBUTION — The subgenus is concentrated in south-central México in northeastern Oaxaca, Puebla and adjacent Veracruz. Two species also occur in northeastern México.

TAXONOMY — Fifteen species are recognized.

Holospira (Bostrichocentrum) anomala Pilsbry, 1953

Holospira anomala Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 150-151; pl. 8, figs. 6-6a.

TYPE LOCALITY — Tepeaca, about 22 km east of Puebla, Puebla. Holotype ANSP 191108.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PUEBLA: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Bostrichocentrum) centicostata Thompson, 1964

Holospira (Bostrichocentrum) centicostata Thompson, 1964; Malacologia, 2: 133-134; pl. 1, figs. 12-15 (shell); pl. 2, fig. 1 (reproductive system); pl. 3, figs. 4, 8 (retractor muscles), fig. 9 (jaw), fig. 10 (radula).

TYPE LOCALITY — A caliche hillside 14.4 miles northwest of Acatlán, Puebla; 4300 feet alt. Holotype UMMZ 213218.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PUEBLA: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Bostrichocentrum) eurybia Bartsch, 1926

Holospira (Bostrichocentrum) eurybia Bartsch, 1926; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 70: 4-5; pl. 1, fig. 2. Bostrichocentrum eurybia (Bartsch). Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 55.

TYPE LOCALITY — River drift, Rio Balsas Station, Guerrero. Holotype USNM 363147.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Unknown.

Holospira (Bostrichocentrum) galathea Bartsch, 1926

Holospira (Bostrichocentrum) galathea Bartsch, 1926; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 70: pl. 1, fig. 7. Bostrichocentrym galathea (Bartsch). Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 55.

TYPE LOCALITY — River drift, Rio Balsas Station, Guerrero. Holotype USNM 363148.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Unknown.

Holospira (Bostrichocentrum) gealei H. Adams, 1872

Cylindrella (Holospira) gealei H. Adams, 1872; Proc. Zool. Soc. (London), 13; pl. 3, fig. 19.

Holospira tryoni gealei (H. Adams). Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 85; pl. 15, fig. 3 — Thompson, 1964; Malacologia, 2: 132.

Bostrichocentrym gealei (H. Adams). Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 55.

TYPE LOCLAITY — Putla, Puebla; syntype in the BM(NH).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PUEBLA: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Bostrichocentrum) goldmani Bartsch, 1906

Holospira (Bostrichocentrum) goldmani Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 136-137; pl. 4, fig. 1 — Thompson, 1964; Malacologia, 2: 134; pl. 2, fig. 4 (reproductive system); pl. 3, figs. 3, 7 (retractor muscles). Bostrichocentrym goldmani (Bartsch). Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 55 — Bartsch, 1947; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 37: 142.

TYPE LOCALITY — Tamazulapán, Oaxaca. Holotype USNM 187793.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — OAXACA: Tamazulapan; 5.7 miles NW of Huahapán de León. PUEBLA: Cerro Sangre de Grado, Pan American Highway km. post 304; 2.2 miles SE of Chila.

Holospira (Bostrichocentrum) hidalgoensis Bartsch, 1906

Holospira (Bostrichocentrum) hidalgoensis Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 138; pl. 4, fig. 12. Bostrichocentrym hidalgoensis (Bartsch). Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 55.

TYPE LOCALITY — Zimapán, Hidalgo. Holotype USNM 187982.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — HIDALGO: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Bostrichocentrum) perplexa Thompson, 1964

Holospira (Bostrichocentrum) perplexa Thompson, 1964; Malacologia, 2: 134-136; pl. 1, figs. 7-11 (shell); pl. 2, fig. 3 (reproductive system); pl. 3, figs. 2, 6 (retractor muscles).

TYPE LOCALITY — Hill 10.3 miles northwest of Huahapán de León, Oaxaca; 6200 feet alt. Holotype UMMZ 213220.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — OAXACA: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Bostrichocentrum) pilsbryi Dall, 1895

Holospira pilsbryi Dall, 1895; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 18: 4. Holospira (BostrichocentrumI) pilsbryi Dall. Pilsbry; 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 86-87; pl. 16, figs. 6-9; pl. 23, fig. 76. Bostrichocentrym pilsbryi (Dall). Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 55.

TYPE LOCALITY — Around sulfer springs near the City of Puebla, Puebla. Holotype USNM 56932.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PUEBLA: vicinity of the type locality and Tepeaca.

Holospira (Bostrichocentrum) pupa Thompson, 1964

Holospir (Bostrichocentrum) pupa Thompson, 1964. Malacologia, 2: 136-138; pl. 1, figs. 1-6 (shell); pl. 2, fig. 2 (reproductive system), pl. 3, figs. 1, 5 (retractor muscles).

TYPE LOCALITY — 15 miles southeast of Acatlán, Puebla; 4900 feet alt. Holotype UMMZ 213217.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PUEBLA: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Bostrichocentrum) ronzoni Bartsch, 1943

Bostrichocentrum ronzoni Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 55-56; fig. 3.

TYPE LOCALITY — Pajaro Verde, Puebla. Holotype USNM 536874.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PUEBLA: known for certain only from the type locality. Also reported from “either Córdoba or Orizaba, Veracruz” (Bartsch, 1943: 56).

Holospir (Bostrichocentrum) tamaulipensis Bartsch, 1906

Holospir (Bostrichocentrum) tamaulipensis Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 139-140; pl. 4, fig. 2. Bostrichocentrum tamaulipensis (Bartsch). Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 55.

TYPE LOCALITY — [Ciudad] Camargo, Tamaulipas. Holotype 187979.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — TAMAULIPAS: known only from the type locality. The type locality is so far removed from the rest of the range of Bostrichocentrum as to raise doubt about its authenticity.

Holospira (Bostrichocentrum) tryoni (Pfeiffer, 1867)

Cylindrella tryoni Pfeiffer, 1867; Journal de Conchyl., 15: 438. Holospira tryoni (Pfeiffer). Crosse & Fischer, 1870; Jour. Conchyl., 18: 14, 24; pl. 5, fig. 5 (jaw) — Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 331-333, pl. 17, figs. 6-6c — Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 276-277 — Cross, 1892; Jour. de Conchyl, 40: 267; pl. 5, figs. 5-5a. Holospira (Bostrichocentrum) tryoni (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 83-85; pl. 22, figs. 62-58. Bostrichocentrym tryoni (Pfeiffer). Strebel, 1880; Bietrag., IV: 81; pl. 5, fig. 3; pl. 14, figs. 13, 16A-16B — Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 55. Holospira tryoni appressa Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 331.

TYPE LOCALITIES — Cylindrella tryoni: Izucár, Puebla. Holospira tryoni appressa: Izucár, Puebla.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PUEBLA: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Bostrichocentrum) veracruziana Dall, 1895

Holospira veracruziana Dall, 1895; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 18: 4. Holospira (Bostrichocentrum) veracruziana Dall. Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 85-86. Bostrichocentrym veracruziana (Dall). Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 55.

TYPE LOCALITY — Misantla, Veracruz. Holotype in the USNM.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — VERACRUZ: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Bostrichocentrum) veracruzicola (Bartsch, 1943)

Bostrichocentrum veracruzicola Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 55; fig. 4.

TYPE LOCALITY — “In the neighborhood of Orizaba or Córdoba, or a little farther south, Veracruz”. Holotype USNM 536877.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — VERACRUZ: questionably known from the state.

Subgenus Millerspira Gilbertson & Naranjo-Garcia, 2004

Millerella Gilbertson & Naranjo-Garcia, 1998; Veliger, 41: 91 (non Millerella Thompson, 1942; Protista).

Millerspira Gilbertson & Naranjo-Garcia, 2004; Veliger 47: 157.

TYPE SPECIES — Holospira milleri Gilbertson, 1989.

DISTRIBUTION — East-central Sonora.

TAXONOMY — Two species.

Holospira (Millerspira) milleri Gilbertson, 1989

Holospira (Millerella) milleri Gilbertson, 1989; Veliger, 32: 91-94; figs. 1 (shell), 2 (reproductive anatomy). Holospira (Millerspira) milleri Gilbertson & Naranjo-Garcia, 1998; Veliger, 41: 314-315.

TYPE LOCALITY — Sonora, on the east side of the Rio Yaqui, under conglomerate rocks (containing calcite) in a ravine near the mouth of the Rio Alamo, ca. 1.5 km south of the military footbridge at El Novillo ca. 260 m alt. (28º59.1′ N, 109º37.5′ W). Holotype SBMNH 35042.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SONORA: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Millerspira) hoffmani Gilbertson & Naranjo-Garcia, 1998

Holospira (Millerella) hoffmani Gilbertson & Naranjo-Garcia, 1998; Veliger, 41: 315-318; figs. 1 (shell), 2-3 (reproductive system).

TYPE LOCALITY — Sierra Batamonte (near El Milagro Mine, 20.5 km E of Rio Yaqui Bridge along Hwy. 15 from Estrella to Bacanora, Sonora (28°57.5’ N, 109°30.5 W). Holotype SBMNH 143186.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SONORA: known only from the vicinity of the type locality.

Subgenus Prionoloplax Pilsbry, 1953

Prionoloplax Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 140.

TYPE SPECIES — Holospira odontoplax Pilsbry, 1953.

DISTRIBUTION — Southern Coahuila.

TAXONOMY — One species.

Holospira (Prionoloplax) odontoplax Pilsbry, 1953

Holospira (Prionoloplax) odontoplax Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 141; pl. 3, fig. 2.

TYPE LOCALITY — First mountain of the Sierra de Penitente on the right side of the road from Saltillo to Diamonte, at the highest pass, Coahuila; 7800-7900 feet alt. Holotype ANSP 164077.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COAHUILA: known only from the type locality.

Subgenus Sonoraloa Gilbertson, 1993

Sonoraloa Gilbertson, 1993; Amer. Malac. Bull., 10: 72-73.

TYPE SPECIES — Cylindrella remondi Gabb, 1865.

DISTRIBUTION — Sonora and Sinaloa.

TAXONOMY — The subgenus includes four species and seven subspecies.

Holospira (Sonoraloa) dentaxis dentaxis Pilsbry, 1953

Holospira dentaxis dentaxis Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 154-155; pl. 9, figs. 3-3a. Holospira (Sonoraloa) dentaxis dentaxis Pilsbry. Gilbertson, 1993; Amer. Malac. Bull., 10: 72-73.

TYPE LOCALITY — River drift at ford of Rio Yaqui about 17.5 km north of Ciudad Obregón, Sonora. Holotype ANSP 166484.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SONORA: specific locality unknown.

Holospira (Sonoraloa) dentaxis alamellata Gilbertson, 1993

Holospira (Sonoraloa) dentaxis alamellata Gilbertson, 1993; Amer. Malac. Bull., 10: 73-74.

TYPE LOCALITY — Riperian gorge, south side of Hwy 15, 7.5 km by road west of Sahuaripe, Sonora; 700 m alt. (29º01.5′ N, 109º18.7’ W). Holotype SBMNH 35514.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SONORA: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Sonoraloa) dentaxis lamellata Pilsbry, 1953

Holospira dentaxis lamellata Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 155; pl. 9, fig. 6 — Gilbertson, 1993; Amer. Malac. Bull., 10: 75.

TYPE LOCALITY — River drift at ford of Rio Yaqui about 17.5 km north of Ciudad Obregón, Sonora. Holotype ANSP 190760.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SONORA: exact locality unknown.

Holospira (Sonoraloa) dentaxis potamia Pilsbry, 1953

Holospira dentaxis potamia Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 156; pl. 9, fig. 2 — Gilbertson, 1993; Amer. Malac. Bull., 10: 75.

TYPE LOCALITY — River drift at ford of Rio Yaqui about 17.5 km north of Ciudad Obregón, Sonora. Holotype ANSP 191107.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SONORA: exact locality unknown.

Holospira (Sonoraloa) dentaxis striatella Pilsbry, 1953

Holospira dentaxis striatella Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 155; pl. 10, fig. 1 — Gilbertson, 1993; Amer. Malac. Bull., 10: 75.

TYPE LOCALITY — River drift at ford of Rio Yaqui about 17.5 km north of Ciudad Obregón, Sonora. Holotype ANSP 191106.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SONORA: exact locality unknown.

Holospira (Sonoraloa) kinonis Baily & Baily, 1940

Holospira kinonis Baily & Baily, 1940; Nautilus, 53: 94-95; pl. 12, fig. 1 — Gilbertson, 1993; Amer. Malac. Bull., 10: 73.

TYPE LOCALITY — Tidal drift 2 miles south of Cochare, near Guaymas, Sonora. Holotype ANSP 174953.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SONORA: exact locality unknown.

Holospira (Sonoraloa) mazatlanica (Bartsch, 1943)

Haplocion mazatlanica Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 56; fig. 6. Holospira (Sonoraloa) mazatlanica (Bartsch). Gilbertson, 1993; Amer. Malac. Bull., 10: 73.

TYPE LOCALITY — Drift at Mazatlán, Sinaloa. Holotype USNM 536884).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Unknown.

Holospira (Sonoraloa) remondi remondi (Gabb, 1865)

Cylindrella remondi Gabb, 1865; Amer. Jour. Conch., 1: 208; figs. 10-13. Holospira remondi (Gabb). Tryon, 1867; Amer. Jour. Conch., 3: 313 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 93; pl. 23, figs. 61-63, 70; pl. 24, figs. 1-4. Holospira remondi remondi (Gabb). Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., 105: 152-153; pl. 10, figs. 1-1b — Gilbertson, 1993; Amer. Malac. Bull., 10: 72-73. Haplocion remondi (Gabb). Bartsch, 1943; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 33: 56.

TYPE LOCALITY — 1.5 leagues (ca. 6 km) from Arivechi, Sahuaripe Valley, Sonora. Lectotype ANSP 166484.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SONORA: known only from the type locality and from river drift in the Rio Yaqui north of Ciudad Obregón.

Holospira (Sonoraloa) remondi forticostata Pilsbry, 1953

Holospira remondi forticostata Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 154; pl. 9, figs. 5-5a.

TYPE LOCALITY — Drift debris of the Rio Yaqui at the ford about 17.5 km north of Ciudad Obregón, Sonora. Holotype ANSP 166406.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SONORA: exact locality unknown.

Holospira (Sonoraloa) remondi laevior Pilsbry, 1953

Holospira remondi laevior Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 153-154; pl. 10, fig. 2 — Gilbertson, 1993; Amer. Malac. Bull., 10: 73; fig. 3c (reproductive anatomy), 7a (shell), 7b (reproductive anatomy).

TYPE LOCALITY — Drift of Laguna Presa Rodriguez, Hermosillo, Sonora. Holotype ANSP 188316.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SONORA: exact locality unknown.

Holospira (Sonoraloa) remondi yaquensis Pilsbry, 1953

Holospira remondi yaquensis Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 154; pl. 10, figs. 4-5 — Gilbertson, 1993; Amer. Malac. Bull., 10: 73.

TYPE LOCALITY — Drift debris of the Rio Yaqui at the ford about 17 1/2 km north of Ciudad Obregón, Sonora. Holotype ANSP 166405.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — SONORA: exact locality unknown.

Subgenus Stalactella Bartsch, 1906

Stalactella Bartsch, 1906; Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 151 — Rehder, 1940: 315, Pilsbry, 1953: 135 — Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 43: 89.

TYPE SPECIES — Holospira (Stalactella) rosei Bartsch, 1906.

DISTRIBUTION — Southern Puebla and adjacent Oaxaca.

TAXONOMY — Five species. Previous authors (Pilsbry 1953) treated Stalactella as a subgenus of Propilsbrya. Internal and external aspects of the shell indicate that Stalactella is derived from a species-group of Holospira s. s. that is localized in southern Puebla, and no close relationship exists with Propilsbrya.

Holospira (Stalactella) chazumbae Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005

Holospira (Stalactella) chazumbae Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005: 94-95; figs. 191-195.

TYPE LOCALITY.— Oaxaca, hillside 2 km northeast of Santiago Chazumba; 1970 m alt. Holotype FLMNH 34299.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — OAXACA: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Stalactella) cremnobates Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005

Holospira (Stalactella) cremnobates Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 43; 91-92; figs. 172-177.

TYPE LOCALITY — Puebla, 10 km north of Tehuacán; 1990 m alt. (18°37’23” N, 97°23’35″W). Holotype FLMNH 190789.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PUEBLA: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Stalactella) marmorata Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005

Holospira (Stalactella) marmorata Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 43; 93-94; figs. 184-190.

TYPE LOCALITY — Puebla, 13.5 km WSW of San Bartolo Teontepec; 2120 m alt. (18º26’19” N, 97º36’42” W). The area is a xeric limestone hillside on the north side of the highway. Snails were found under caliche slabs and limestone boulders. Holotype FLMNH 233188.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PUEBLA: 6 km N of Santa Cruz Nueva, 1760 m alt. (18°20’19” N, 97°49’35” W) (FLMNH 200956); 4.5 km S of San Vicente Coyotepec, 2080 m alt. (18°20’19” N, 97°49’59” W) (FLMNH 200601); 3.7 km S of San Vicente Coyotepec, 1880 m alt. (FLMNH 233190).

Holospira (Stalactella) psectra Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005

Holospira (Stalactella) psectra Thompson & Mihalcik; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 43, 2005: 92-93; figs. 178-183. TYPE LOCALITY.— PUEBLA, a limestone cliff on the south slope of Cerro Caolalote, 2 km east of El Carmen; 1870 m altitude. (18º36” N, 97º26’01” W). The type locality is at the base of a south-facing bare limestone cliff. Holotype FLMNH 233197.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PUEBLA: known only from the type locality.

Holospira (Stalactella) rosei Bartsch, 1906

Holospira (Stalactella) rosei Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 151-153; text-figs. 11-12; pl. 4, fig. 9 — Thompson & Mihalcik, 2005; Bull. Fla. Mus. Nat. Hist., 43: 90-91; figs. 169-171.

TYPE LOCALITY — Tehuacán, Puebla. Holotype USNM 188181.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — PUEBLA: known only form the type locality.

Names of uncertain status associated with Holospira

Cylindrella cretacea Pfeiffer, 1860; Proc. Zool. Soc. (London), 140 — Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 335; pl. 17, fig. 8 — Pilsbry, 1902, Man. Conch., 15: 104; pl. 15, figs. 16-17.

TYPE.LOCALITY — “México”. Syntype in the Cuming Collection, BMNH.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Unknown.

REMARKS — The interior structure of the shell is unknown thereby preventing subgeric assignment. Pilsbry (1902) commented on its external similarity to Haplocion coahuilensis (Binney, 1865).

Cylindrella (Holospira) imbricata Von Martens, 1863; Monatber. Berlin Akademie der Wissenschafte: 540 — Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 336 — Von Martens, 1897, Biol. Cent. Amer.: 273; pl. 16, fig. 25.— Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15:103; pl. 15, figs. 1-2.

TYPE LOCALITY — “México”.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Unknown.

REMARKS — The interior of the shell is unknown. Externally it resembles some species of Coelostemma and Bostrichocentrum.

Cylindrella pilocerei Pfeiffer, 1841. Symbolae ad Hist. Helic., 1: 47 — Pilsbry, 1902; Manual of Conchology II, 15: 75; pl. 22, figs. 45-48 (shell).

TYPE LOCALITY — Cuautla de Las Amilpas, “Puebla” [Morelos]; syntype apparently lost. A nomum dubium (OPINION 1932; International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature; Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 56: 206-207; September, 1999).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Known only from the type locality; presumed to be extinct.

Genus Propilsbrya Bartsch, 1906

Propilsbrya Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 121.

TYPE SPECIES — Epirobia (Propilsbrya) nelsoni Bartsch, 1906.

DISTRIBUTION — Higher altitudes of mountains in southern Coahuila, and Nuevo León.

TAXONOMY — Two subgenera are recognized.

Subgenus Propilsbrya Bartsch, 1906

DISTRIBUTION — COAHUILA and NUEVO LEÓN.

TAXONOMY — Two species.

Propilsbrya (Propilsbrya) nelsoni (Bartsch, 1906)

Epirobia (Propilsbrya) nelsoni Bartsch, 1906; Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 122-123; text-fig. 7; pl. 4, fig. 8. Propilsbrya nelsoni (Bartsch). Rehder, 1940; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 30: 316 — Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 136; figs. 3-3b.

TYPE LOCALITY — Sierra Guadalupe, Coahuila. Holotype USNM 187504.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — COAHUILA: known only from the Sierra Guadalupe. Pilsbry (1953) records the species from 13 km back of the Hacienda Guadalupe, 7500-8500 ft. alt.

Propilsbrya (Propilsbrya) potosiana (Pilsbry, 1953)

Propilsbrya potosiana Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 136-137; pl. 4, figs. 4-4b.

TYPE LOCALITY — Cerro Potosí, near Galeana, Nuevo León, on boulders in pine woods at 10,500 ft. alt. Holotype ANSP 164586.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — NUEVO LEÓN: known only from the type locality.

Subgenus Pectinistemma Rehder, 1940.

Pectinistemma Rehder, 1940; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 30: 315.

TYPE SPECIES — Propilsbrya koesteri Rehder, 1940.

DISTRIBUTION — High altitudes of mountains in southern Nuevo León.

TAXONOMY — Two species.

Propilsbrya (Pectinistemma) infernilla Pilsbry, 1953

Propilsbrya (Pectinistemma) infernilla Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 138-139; pl. 4, figs. 2-2c, 6.

TYPE LOCALITY — Summit of El Infernillo, a mountain above Pabillo, Nuevo León, México. Holotype ANSP 164148.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — NUEVO LEÓN: known only from the type locality.

Propilsbrya (Pectinistemma) koestneri Rehder, 1940

Propilsbrya (Pectinistemma) koestneri Rehder, 1940; Jour. Wash. Acad. Sci., 30: 316; figs. 1-3 — Pilsbry, 1953: Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 137-138; pl. 4, figs. 1, 1a.

TYPE LOCALITY — Cerro Potosí, Galeana, Nuevo León. Holotype USNM 535762.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — NUEVO LEÓN: known only from Cerro Potosí.

Genus Metastoma Strebel, 1880

Metastoma Strebel, 1880; Beitrag, IV: 80 — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 96-97 — Pilsbry, 1946; Land Moll. N. Amer., II: 114 — Thompson, 1971; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 15: 299-300.

TYPE SPECIES — Cylindrella roemeri Pfeiffer, 1848, by original designation.

DISTRIBUTION — Southwestern Texas, southeastern New Mexico, northeastern Chihuahua and nothern Coahuila.

TAXONOMY — A single species is recognized.

Metastoma roemeri (Pfeiffer, 1848)

Cylindrela roemeri Pfeiffer, 1848; Mono. Helic. Viv., 2: 382. Holospira roemeri (Pfeiffer) — Binney, 1878; Terrest. Moll. N. Amer., 5: 177; fig. 85 (shell) — Pilsbry, 1902; Man. Conch., 15: 97-98; pl. 25, figs. 1-8 (shell) — Pilsbry, 1905; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 57: 220; pl. 26, figs. 10-18 (shell) — Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 148 — Pilsbry, 1946; Land Moll. N. Amer., II: 114-115; figs. 55 (shell). Metastoma roemeri (Pfeiffer) — Thompson, 1971; Bull. Fla. St. Mus., 15: 300.

TYPE LOCALITY — Around New BraFLMNHels, Comal County, Texas.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Southwestern Texas and southeastern New Mexico. Previously unrecorded from Mexico. CHIHUAHUA: limestone knoll, 7.5 km NE of Coyame, 1250 m alt. (29º30.5’ N, 105º02.6’ W). COAHUILA: Sierra La Encantada, Cañon La Ventana de Boquilla, 27 km WNW Ranco La Babia, 91 km NW Melechor Mosquiz, 1150 m alt. (28º39.1’ N, 102º19.8’ W) (FLMNH 244916); Sierra La Encantada, limestone knoll, 2.5 km W of La Cuesta, 1500 m alt. (FLMNH 244923); Sierra La Encantada, limestone knoll on E flank of mountain 3 km E La Cuesta, 1380 m alt. (FLMNH 244929); Sierra La Encantada, canyon 3 km ESE La Cuesta, 1420 m alt. (FLMNH 244930).

Subfamily BRACHYPODELLINAE Jaume & de la Torre, 1972

Genus Brachypodella Beck, 1837

Brachypus Guilding, 1828 (not Brachypus Swainson, 1824). Brachypodella Beck, 1837: 89 — Pilsbry and Vanatta, 1898: 277, 278 — Pilsbry, 1904: 40-43. Brachypodisca Agassiz, 1847 (emendation for Brachypodella). (type species: Helix (Cochlodina) antiperersa Ferussác, 1821).

TYPE SPECIES — Brachypodella: Helix (Cochlodina) antiperversa Ferussác, 1821 (Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1898).

DISTRIBUTION — Antilles except for western Cuba and the Bahama Islands; mainland of Trinidad and Venezuela; southeastern México and northern Guatemala.

TAXONOMY — About six subgenera and 50 species. Only one subgenus occurs in México and Central America.

Subgenus Brachypodella Beck, 1837

DISTRIBUTION — Hispaniola southeast through the Lesser Antilles, Trinidad and Venezuela, Guatemala and southern México.

TAXONOMY — Eighteen species. Five species and three subspecies occur in México and Central America.

Brachypodella bourguignatiana (Ancey, 1886)

Cylindrella bourguignatiana Ancey, 1886; Bull. Soc. Malac. France, 2: 243 — Pilsbry, 1891; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 43: 316; pl. 15, figs. 13, 13a. Holospira bourguignatiana (Ancey). Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent —Amer.: 286. Brachypodella bourguignatiana (Ancey). Pilsbry, 1904; Man. Conch., 16: 71; pl. 7, figs. 32-34 — Richards, 1938; Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., 79: 176. TYPE LOCALTIY — Utilla Island, Honduras.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — HONDURAS: Utilla and Roatan, Bay Islands.

Brachypodella dubia (Pilsbry, 1891)

Cylindrella spelucae var. dubia Pilsbry, 1891; Proc. Phila. Acad. Nat. Sci., 43: 315; pl. 15, figs. 15, 15a. Brachypodella speluncae (Morelet) (in part). Pilsbry, 1904; Man. Conch., 16: 70-71; pl. 6, figs. 13, 14 — Bequaert and Clench, 1933; Pub. Carnegie Inst. Wash., (431): 535 — Berquaert & Clench, 1936; Pub. Carnegie Inst. Wash.,(457): 65 — Bequaert & Clench, 1938; Pub. Carnegie Inst. Wash., (491): 258 — Richards, 1937; Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., 77: 254 — Harry, 1950; Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich.; (524): 16 — Branson and McCoy, 1965; Univ. Col. Stud. Biol., (13): 9. Brachypodella speluncae var. dubia (Pilsbry). Pilsbry, 1904; Man. Conch., 16: 71. Brachypodella dubia (Pilsbry). Thompson, 1967; Bull. Fla. Sta. Mus., 11: 249-252; figs. 5c-e.

TYPE LOCALITY — Labná, Yucatan. Lectotype ANSP 62027a (H. B. Baker, 1963: 222).

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — The Yucanan Peninsula of México. CAMPECHE: 19.2 mi. S of Pixtún; 6.1 mi. SW of Seybaplaya; 7.1 mi. SW of Campeche; 5.1 mi. NNW of Dzilbalchén; 5.1 mi. W of Tikinmúl. QUINTANA ROO: 7.1 mi. NW of Xiatil; Cozumel Island, 1.5 km NE of San Miquel. YUCATÁN: Labná; 10.0 mi. NE of Becanchén; cave at Tabi; Ticul; between Sitilpech and Tunkas.

Brachypodella morini morini (Morelet, 1849)

Cylindrella morini Morelet, 1849; Test Noviss., I: 11 — Pfeiffer, 1849; Monogr. Helic. Viv., 3: 578 — Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 412; pl. 17, fig. 12 — Sowerby, in Reeve, Conch. Icon., 20: pl. 16, fig. 136 — Pilsbry, 1891; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 43: 338. Holospira morini(Morelet). Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 285. Brachypodella morini.(Morelet). Pilsbry, 1904; Man. Conch., 16: 67-68; pl. 6, figs. 4-6, 10.

TYPE LOCALITY — Vera Páz, Guatemala.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA: Dept. Alta Verapáz, Cahabón. TABASCO: San Juan Bantista; mountains.

Brachypodella morini salpinx (Tristram, 1861)

Cylindrella salpinx Tristram, 1861; Proc. Zool. Soc. (London): 231 — Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 415. Holospira morini var. salpinx (Tristam). Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 285; pl. 17, fig. 5. Brachypodella morini var. salpinx (Tristam). Pilsbry, 1904; Man. Conch., 16: 68; pl. 6, fig. 3.

TYPE LOCALITY — “Probably near Cobán or Lanquín”, Depto. Alta Verapáz, Guatemala.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA: known only from the type locality.

Brachypodella morini sargi (Von Martens, 1897)

Holospira morini var. sargi Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 285. Brachypodella morini form sargi (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1904; Man. Conch., 16: 68.

TYPE LOCALITY — Cahabón, Depto. Alta Verapáz, Guatemala.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA: known only from the type locality.

Brachypodella speluncae (Morelet, 1852)

Cylindrella speluncae Morelet, 1852; Test. Nov., 2: 12 — Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 410; pl. 17, fig. 11 — Pilsbry, 1891; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 43: 315; pl. 15, figs. 15, 15a. Holospira speluncae (Morelet). Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 284. Brachypodella speluncae (Morelet). Pilsbry, 1904; Man. Conch., 16: 69-71; pl. 6, figs. 13, 14, 17, 18 — Goodrich & van der Schalie, 1937; Misc. Pub. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., (34): 28 — Thompson, 1967; Bull. Fla. Stat. Mus., 11: 252-253; figs. 5f-h.

Cylindrella costulata Morelet, 1851; Testacea novissima, II: 12, (not Cylindrella costulata C. B. Adams, 1849).

TYPE LOCALITY — Walls of the Cave Jobitsinal, Dept. Petén, Guatemala.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA, Dept. Petén: knoll 1.2 mi. S of Flores; Cubixinal Cave, S of Flores; 7-9 mi. SW of San Benito; 2 km S of Puebla Nueva; knoll E of La Libertad; west shore Lago de Peténxíl; San Andres; Tabi; Ticúl; between Sitilpech and Tuncas, Labná.

Brachypodella subtilis subtilis (Morelet, 1849)

Cylindrella subtilis Morelet, 1849; Testacea novissima, I: 11 — Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 413; pl. 17, fig. 13. Holospira subtilis (Morelet). Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 284. Brachypodella subtilis (Morelet). Pilsbry, 1904; Man. Conch., 16: 69: pl. 6, figs. 11-12, 19-20 — Haas and Solem, 1960; Nautilus, 73: 131.

TYPE LOCALITY — Forests of Petén, Guatemala.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA: known from the type locality. BELIZE, Cayo Dist.: Rio Frio Cave East, about 2 mi. from Augustine on the Mountain Pine Ridge.

Brachypodella subtilis pulchella (Von Martens, 1886)

Cylindrella (Gongylostoma) pulchella Von Martens, 1886; Sitz. Ges. Nat. Freude Berlin: 161. Holospira morini var. pulchella (Von Martens). Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 285; pl. 17, figs. 3, 3a. Brachypodella morini var. pulchella (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1904; Man. Conch., 16: 68; pl. 6, figs. 1, 2. Brachypodella subtilis pulchella (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1920; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 71: 218.

TYPE LOCALITY — Livingston, Dept. Izabál, Guatemala.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — GUATEMALA: known only from the type locality.

Doubtful names associated with Mexican and Guatemalan Brachypodella

Brachypodella subula Férussac, 1821

Clausilia subula Férussac, 1821: 61, (nomen nudum) — Deshayas, in Lamarck, 1838: 216. Brachypodella subula (Férussac). Beck, 1837: 89 — Pilsbry, 1904; Man. Conch., 16: 72; pl. 2, figs. 20-22.

TYPE LOCALITY — Unknown. REMARKS — The type is lost, and its internal shell structure is unknown. Pilsbry (1904) suggests that this taxon is most similar to species of Brachypodella described from Guatemala.

Subfamily MICROCERAMINAE Pilsbry, 1904

Genus Microceramus Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1898

Microceramus Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1904; Nautilus, 11: 107.

TYPE SPECIES — Macroceramus floridanus Pilsbry, 1898.

DISTRIBUTION — Greater Antilles, Curacao, Central America north to Texas and Florida.

TAXONOMY — Only a single subgenus is recognized. Floreziella Weyrauch, 1967, from Peru is treated as a synonym by Richardson (1991: 69). About 35 species are recognized. Three species and one subspecies occur in the study area.

Microcermus concisus concisus (Morel‚ 1849)

Cylindrella concisus Morelet‚ 1849; Testacea Novissima., I: 12. Macroceramus concisus (Morelet). Petit, 1850; Jour. Conchyl., 1: 379 — Fischer & Crosse, 1873; Miss. Sci. Mex., I: 421; pl. 18, figs. 1-1b — Strebel, 1880; Beitrag, IV: 90; pl. 5, fig. 4c — Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer.: 287. Microceramus concisus (Morelet). Pilsbry, 1904; Man. Conch., 16: 155; pl. 25, figs. 7-12 — Pilsbry, 1930; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 82: 221-261 — Haas and Solem, 1960; Nautilus, 73: 131. Macroceramus polystreptus Tristram, 1861; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond.: 233; pl. 26, fig. 11.

TYPE LOCALITIES — Cylindrella concisa: “Yucatan”, México. Macrocermus polystreptus: Cobán, Dept. Alta Verapaz, Guatemala.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Nicaragua, Honduras, St. Andrew Island, Swan Island, Little Swan Island, northern Guatemala, Belize, Yucatan, Campeche.

Microceramus concisus arctispirus (Ancey, 1886)

Macroceramus gossei var. arctispirus Ancey, 1886; Ann. de Malacologie, II: 242. Microceramus consisus var. arctispirus (Ancey). Pilsbry, 1904; Man. Conch., 16: 156; pl. 25, figs. 5, 6 — Richards, 1938; Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., 79: 173.

TYPE LOCALITY — Utilla Island, Honduras.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — HONDURAS: Roatán and Utilla Islands.

Microcermus kieneri (Pfeiffer, 1846)

Bulimus kieneri Pfeiffer, 1846; Proc. Zool. Soc. (London): 40. Macroceramus kieneri (Pfeiffer). Pfeiffer, 1859. Monographia heliceorum viventium, 4: 689 — Bland, 1883; Ann. New York Acad. Sci., 2: 127; text figure. Microcerumus kieneri (Pfeiffer). Pilsbry, 1904; Man. Conch., 16: 154; pl. 26, figs. 21-23.

TYPE LOCALITY — “Honduras”.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Unknown.

Microceramus mexicanus (Von Martens, 1897)

Macroceramus concisus var. mexicanus Von Martens, 1897; Biol. Cent. Amer. 283; pl. 17, fig. 2. Microcermus mexicanus (Von Martens). Pilsbry, 1904; Man. Conch., 16: 156; pl. 26, figs. 25-27 — Bartsch, 1906; Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 31: 157 — Pilsbry, 1953; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 105: 161 — Correa-Sandoval, 1993; Rev. Biol. Trop., 41: 685.— Correa-Sandoval, 1998; Acta Zool. Mex., (73): 16 — Correa-Sandoval, 2002; Acta Zool. Mex., 86: 239 — Correa-Sandoval, 2000; Acta Zool. Mex., 79: 9. Macroceramus pontificus (Gould). Strebel, 1880: Beitrag, IV: 89; pl. 5, fig. 4d.

TYPE LOCALITY — Here restricted to Orizaba, Veracruz, México.

DISTRIBUTION RECORDS — Widely distributed and common. Reported from the Mexican states of: MÉXICO, MORELOS, JALISCO, NUEVO LEÓN, SAN LUÍS POTOSÍ, TAMAULIPAS AND VERACRUZ.